The Behavior of the Type of Peritoneal Transport in the Inflammatory and Oxidative Status in Adults Under Peritoneal Dialysis.

Peritoneal dialysis (PD) is an alternative for managing the end-stage renal disease (ESRD). The peritoneal membrane (PM) is not just a membrane that passively responds to diffusion and convection. The characteristics of PM result in the peritoneal equilibrium test (PET) and with this test is possible to obtain the type of peritoneal transport (PT). The patient on PD can be classified in different types of PT as; Low, Low Average, High Average, and High. The aim of the study was to compare the inflammatory cytokines, oxidants, antioxidants, and oxidative DNA damage markers in the different types of PT. A cross-sectional analytical study of 77 adult PD patients was performed. Levels of lipoperoxides (LPO) were higher in all types of PT vs. healthy volunteer controls (HC) (p < 0.0001). Nitric oxide (NO) levels were found significantly down-regulated in all types of PT (p < 0.0001). The activity of the superoxide dismutase enzyme (SOD) was found to be significantly increased in all types of PT vs. the HC (p < 0.0001). The levels of the DNA repair enzyme were found to be decreased in all types of PT. The levels of the pro-inflammatory cytokines TNF-α, IL-6, the marker of oxidative DNA damage, 8-IP and the total antioxidant capacity (TAC) were all significantly decreased, contrary to the levels in HC, possibly by the clearance in the dialysis fluid in all types of PT or due to down-regulation of their expression. In conclusion, we found significant changes in markers of inflammation, oxidative stress, and oxidative damage to DNA in all types of PT; Low, low average, high average, and high PT in the values of D/P creatinine at 4 h compared to HC.

[Epidemiology of glomerular disease in adults: a database review]. / Epidemiología de la enfermedad glomerular en adultos. Revisión de una base de datos.

INTRODUCTION: Glomerular disease is among the top ten leading causes of death in Mexico. AIM: To assess the frequency of glomerulopathy in western Mexico in a Regional Hospital belonging of the Instituto Mexicano Del Seguro Social. METHODS: Single hospital center retrospective analysis. We reviewed all native kidney biopsies between January 2003 and December 2011, in patients more than 16 years old, to establish clinical features, presentation, and histological report. RESULTS: A total of 163 reports were analyzed; patients with a mean age of 32.6 ± 13.3 years, 55% female, 24% had systemic arterial hypertension, and 10% with a family history of chronic renal failure. The most frequent types of primary glomerulonephritis were focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) in 47% of cases, followed by membranous nephropathy in 15%. The most frequent types of secondary glomerulonephritis were lupus nephritis in 14%, followed by diabetic nephropathy in 4% and amyloidosis in 1.2%. CONCLUSION: Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis is the most frequent type of glomerulopathy in our population; we observed a minor percentage of Inmunoglobulin A (IgA) nephropathy compared with worldwide reports. This information is a contribution to the understanding of the prevalence of glomerulopathy in western Mexico.

[Frequency of peritoneal transport in a population of the Hospital General Regional No. 46, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social]. / Frecuencia de los tipos de transporte peritoneal en la población del Hospital General Regional N.º 46 del Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social.

BACKGROUND: The peritoneal equilibration test (PET) is a common test used in the adequacy of peritoneal dialysis (PD). AIM: To determine the frequency of presentation of different types of peritoneal transport in patients on PD ranking with Twardowski, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán (INCMNSZ) and Hospital de Especialidades del Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social Centro Médico Nacional de Occidente (IMSS-HE, CMNO) and establish themselves. METHODS: Descriptive and transversal study. Included with PET on PD patients between April 2011 to September 2012; any gender, 16 years or older, in DP minimum of 4 weeks. PEP performed standardized bags of 2.5%. RESULTS: Performed 235 PET. We can classify peritoneal transport with Twardowski in high (H) 34%, high average (HA) 37%, low average (LA) 25%, and low (L) 4% peritoneal transport rates. INCMNSZ percentages H was 34%, HA 32%, LA 23%, and L 11%; using the CMNO HE was H 26%, HA 31%, LA 31%, and L 12%. From our data, the percentage of patients with H was 22%, HA 33%, LA 32%, and L13%. CONCLUSION: Classifying patients according to type of transport with Twardowski will under-diagnose the low and overestimate high transport, and can alter survival forecasts.