RESUMO
A cost-effective, and low-energy room-temperature cascade catalytic carbonization strategy is demonstrated for converting lignin into graphite with a high yield of 87 %, a high surface potential of -37 eV and super-hydrophilicity. This super-hydrophilic feature endows the lignin-derived graphite to be dispersed in a variety of polar solvents, which is important for its future applications. Encapsulating of liquid metals with the graphite for electrical circuit patterning on flexible substrates is also advocated. These written patterns show superb conductivity of 4.9 × 106 S/m, offering good performance stability and reliability while being repeatedly stretched, folded, twisted, and bent. This will offer new designs for flexible electronic devices, sensors, and biomedical devices.
Assuntos
Grafite , Interações Hidrofóbicas e Hidrofílicas , Lignina , Temperatura , Lignina/química , Grafite/química , Catálise , Carbono/química , Condutividade ElétricaRESUMO
ARID1A, a component of the SWI/SNF chromatin-remodeling complex, is frequently mutated in various cancer types and has emerged as a potential therapeutic target. In this study, we observed that ARID1A-deficient colorectal cancer (CRC) cells showed synthetic lethal effects with a p53 activator, RITA (reactivating p53 and inducing tumor apoptosis). RITA, an inhibitor of the p53-MDM2 interaction, exhibits increased sensitivity in ARID1A-deficient cells compared to ARID1A wild-type cells. Mechanistically, the observed synthetic lethality is dependent on both p53 activation and DNA damage accumulation, which are regulated by the interplay between ARID1A and RITA. ARID1A loss exhibits an opposing effect on p53 targets, leading to decreased p21 expression and increased levels of proapoptotic genes, PUMA and NOXA, which is further potentiated by RITA treatment, ultimately inducing cell apoptosis. Meanwhile, ARID1A loss aggravates RITA-induced DNA damage accumulation by downregulating Chk2 phosphorylation. Taken together, ARID1A loss significantly heightens sensitivity to RITA in CRC, revealing a novel synthetic lethal interaction between ARID1A and RITA. These findings present a promising therapeutic approach for colorectal cancer characterized by ARID1A loss-of-function mutations.
Assuntos
Apoptose , Neoplasias Colorretais , Proteínas de Ligação a DNA , Fatores de Transcrição , Proteína Supressora de Tumor p53 , Humanos , Proteína Supressora de Tumor p53/metabolismo , Proteína Supressora de Tumor p53/genética , Proteína Supressora de Tumor p53/deficiência , Apoptose/efeitos dos fármacos , Fatores de Transcrição/metabolismo , Fatores de Transcrição/genética , Proteínas de Ligação a DNA/metabolismo , Proteínas de Ligação a DNA/genética , Neoplasias Colorretais/metabolismo , Neoplasias Colorretais/genética , Neoplasias Colorretais/patologia , Neoplasias Colorretais/tratamento farmacológico , Linhagem Celular Tumoral , Dano ao DNA , Animais , Camundongos , Células HCT116 , Proteínas Reguladoras de Apoptose/metabolismo , Proteínas Reguladoras de Apoptose/genética , Proteínas Proto-Oncogênicas c-mdm2/metabolismo , Proteínas Proto-Oncogênicas c-mdm2/genética , Camundongos Nus , Inibidor de Quinase Dependente de Ciclina p21/metabolismo , Inibidor de Quinase Dependente de Ciclina p21/genética , Furanos , Proteínas Proto-OncogênicasRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Coach-athlete relationship (CAR), thriving and athlete engagement are important psychological variables that affect sports performance. On the basis of self-determination theory, this study constructs a mediation model to examine the influence of CAR on athlete engagement and the mediating effect of thriving between them. METHODS: This cross-sectional study involves a questionnaire survey with 287 Chinese active athletes (M = 19.63, SD = 2.53) aged 14-26 years (64.5% male, 35.5% female) from eight sports. CAR, thriving and athlete engagement were assessed using the CAR Questionnaire, the Thriving Scale, and the Athlete Engagement Questionnaire, respectively. RESULTS: CAR and its dimensions can significantly and positively predict athlete engagement, complementarity, commitment, and closeness, accounting for 35.1%, 34.6%, and 30.4% of the cumulative variance in dominance analysis, respectively. The direct and indirect paths show that CAR affects athlete engagement through the mediating effect of thriving. The mediating effect model has a good fit and indirect effects account for 56.9% of the total effects. CONCLUSION: The effect of CAR on athlete engagement reflects a practical application of interpersonal dynamics in competitive sports to a certain extent. The following suggestions can be used to improve athlete engagement. First, setting common goals, emphasizing mutual cooperation, and building trust and support, promote coaches and athletes to have a higher sense of commitment and complementarity to each other, thereby helping improve athlete engagement. Second, meeting the vitality and progress needs of athletes effectively mobilizes CAR resources to promote athlete engagement, which can be manipulated by cultivating closeness, commitment, and complementarity. Third, to ensure the athletes' sports state and mental health, the sports team should focus on the cultivation of athletes' capacities to thrive and internally form a dynamic and positive sports atmosphere in their team. In the future, we can track and compare the influence of the improvement of CAR on thriving and athlete engagement can be tracked and compared from the dual perspectives of coaches and athletes.