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Background: The current study aimed to determine the overall survival (OS) rates of patients diagnosed with pediatric gliomas in Brazil, accounting for the influence of age, treatment modalities, and tumor site, using a population-based national database. Materials and methods: Patients diagnosed with pediatric gliomas of central nervous system (CNS) from 1999-2020 were identified from The Fundação Oncocentro de São Paulo public database. The Kaplan-Meier and the log-rank test were used for survival analysis. Results: A total of 1296 patients were included. The most common histologic tumor types were glioblastomas (38.27%; n = 496), pilocytic astrocytoma (32.87%; n = 426), and astrocytoma grade II (20.76%; n = 269). A total of 379 (29.24%) had brainstem tumors. The mean follow-up was 135 months [95% confidence interval (CI) 128-142\. The 1-year, 3-year 5-year OS for pilocytic astrocytoma were 93.72%, 89.98%, and 88.97%; for grade II gliomas, 80.36%, 71.89%, and 68.60%; for grade III gliomas, 53.72%; 31.87%, and 28.33%; and for glioblastoma, 52.90%, 28.76%, 25.20%, respectively. Brainstem tumors had the worse OS compared to no brainstem tumors (p = 0.001). For high-grade glioma (grade III/IV), excluding brainstem tumors (n = 570), young patients had greater median OS (0 to 3 years:22 months; 4 to 18 years:13 months; p = 0.005). Regarding the treatment modalities, combined treatments were associated with higher median survival compared to less intensive therapy (surgery: 11 months; surgery and chemotherapy: 16 months; surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy: 20 months; p = 0.005). Conclusion: In our cohort, low-grade gliomas had favorable prognoses and outcomes. Patients diagnosed with glioblastomas and brainstem gliomas had the worst OS. For high-grade gliomas, undergoing treatment de-intensification in the Brazilian pediatric population is associated with worse survival.
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Introdução: A duração da quimioterapia de primeira linha e seu impacto na sobrevida global dos pacientes com câncer colorretal metastático (CCRm) são controversos e, até o momento, estudos não conseguiram definir um claro padrão. Métodos: Revisão sistemática dos principais bancos de dados da literatura médica (MEDLINE, EMBASE e Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials), bem como trabalhos apresentados em congressos internacionais de oncologia (Sociedade Americana [ASCO] e Européia de Oncologia Clínica [ESMO]), em busca dos ensaios clínicos aleatorizados que compararam a sobrevida global (SG) dos pacientes com CCRm que receberam quimioterapia de primeira linha de forma contínua até progressão da doença versus parada completa de tratamento após um número fixo de ciclos de indução. O desfecho primário foi SG e os desfechos secundários incluíram desfechos de progressão do tipo tempo-para-evento, intervalo livre de quimioterapia, qualidade de vida e toxicidade. Uma meta-análise dos Hazard Ratios (HR) reportados para a SG foi realizada. Os estudos incluídos foram avaliados quanto às suas metodologias e análises de subgrupo foram realizadas quando heterogeneidades metodológicas foram encontradas. Análise de sensibilidade foi realizada quanto ao risco de viés, avaliado pela escala de Jadad, e quando teste de inconsistência de Higgins (I2) maior que 35% (heterogeneidade) foi encontrado. Resultados: A busca inicial resultou em 251 ensaios, dos quais 6 foram elegíveis e 5 forneceram dados suficientes para a meta-análise de SG (N = 3.061). A SG dos pacientes que receberam quimioterapia de forma contínua até progressão não foi estatisticamente diferente daqueles para quem foi oferecido parada completa de tratamento (HR = 0,93, IC95% = 0,84-1,03; I² = 12%; p = 0,15). Os resultados foram semelhantes quando analisados somente estudos classificados como de boa qualidade bem como nos subgrupos separados quanto ao momento de aleatorização (antes versus após terapia de...
Background: The impact of the duration of chemotherapy on the overall survival of patients with metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) is controversial and studies have failed to define a clear standard. Methods: We systematically searched medical literature databases (MEDLINE, EMBASE and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials), as well as oncology conferences proceedings (American Society of Clinical Oncology [ASCO] and European Society for Medical Oncology [ESMO] annual meetings) for randomized controlled trials (RCT) that compared the overall survival (OS) of mCRC patients who received first-line chemotherapy continuously until disease progression versus those who were offered complete treatment stop after a fixed number of cycles. The primary study endpoint was OS. The secondary endpoints were progression-free survival, chemotherapy-free interval, quality of life and rate of toxicities. A meta-analysis of reported Hazard Ratios for survival was performed. The studies included were evaluated for their methodologies and subgroup analyzes were performed when methodological heterogeneity was found. Sensitivity analysis was performed when relevant heterogeneity was found (defined as I²>35%). Results: We retrieved 251 trials, of which 6 were eligible and 5 were included in the pooled analysis of overall survival (N = 3,061). The overall survival between continuously delivered chemotherapy and complete stop was not statistically different (HR= 0.93, 95%IC = 0.84 to 1.03; p=0,15; I² = 12%). The results were similar when we analyzed separately only trials classified as high quality by Jadad scale and according to the following subgroups: trials that performing randomization before versus after induction therapy and according to the use of monoclonal antibody (yes or no). The median chemotherapy free interval in the complete-stop group was 3.9 months (3.6 - 4.3 months). Chemotherapy administered until progression was associated with more...