RESUMO
Climate change interacts with other environmental stressors and vulnerability factors. Some places and, owing to socioeconomic conditions, some people, are far more at risk. The data behind current assessments of the environment-wellbeing nexus is coarse and regionally aggregated, when considering multiple regions/groups; or, when granular, comes from ad hoc samples with few variables. To assess the impacts of climate change, we require data that are granular and comprehensive, both in the variables and population studied. We build a publicly accessible data set, the SHARE-ENV data set, which fulfills these criteria. We expand on EU representative, individual-level, longitudinal data (the SHARE survey), with environmental exposure information about temperature, radiation, precipitation, pollution, and flood events. We illustrate through four simplified multilevel linear regressions, cross-sectional and longitudinal, how full-fledged studies can use SHARE-ENV to contribute to the literature. Such studies would help assess climate impacts and estimate the effectiveness and fairness of several climate adaptation policies. Other surveys can be expanded with environmental information to unlock different research avenues.
RESUMO
OBJECTIVES: It has been hypothesized that cerebral neurotransmitters such as dopamine and serotonin could play a role in human romantic bonding. However, no data on the genetic basis of human romantic love are currently available. To address this issue, we looked for associations between markers in neurotransmitter genes (the serotonin transporter gene, 5-HTT; the serotonin receptor 2A, 5HT2A; the dopamine D2 receptor gene, DRD2; and the dopamine D4 receptor gene, DRD4) and the six styles of love as conceptualized by Lee (Eros, Ludus, Storge, Pragma, Mania and Agape). DESIGN: A total of 350 healthy young adults (165 males and 185 females, mean age: 24.1+/-3.9 years, range 18-32 years) filled the 24-item Love Attitudes Scale (LAS) and were genotyped for the following six polymorphic markers: the serotonin transporter-linked polymorphic region (5-HTTLPR), the 5HT2A T102C and C516T polymorphisms, the DRD2 TaqI A and TaqI B variants, and the DRD4 exon 3 VNTR polymorphism. RESULTS: Statistical analysis revealed a significant association between the DRD2 TaqI A genotypes and "Eros" (a loving style characterized by a tendency to develop intense emotional experiences based on the physical attraction to the partner), as well as between the C516T 5HT2A polymorphism and "Mania" (a possessive and dependent romantic attachment, characterized by self-defeating emotions). These associations were present in both sexes and remained significant even after adjustment for potential confounders. CONCLUSIONS: Our data provide the first evidence of a possible genetic loading on human loving styles.
Assuntos
Carga Genética , Amor , Personalidade/genética , Receptor 5-HT2A de Serotonina/genética , Receptores de Dopamina D2/genética , Proteínas da Membrana Plasmática de Transporte de Serotonina/genética , Adolescente , Adulto , Análise de Variância , Corte , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Polimorfismo Genético , Receptores de Dopamina D4/genética , Fatores SexuaisRESUMO
The forkhead/winged helix box (FOX) gene family comprises at least 43 different genes encoding transcriptional factors with a highly conserved DNA-binding domain. To date, mutations in members of the FOX gene family have been causally linked to a variety of different human diseases. We describe a three-generation Albanian pedigree in which a complex phenotype consisting of dilated cardiomyopathy, obsessive-compulsive disorder, and suicidality is segregated with a missense mutation (W148R) in the human FOXD4 gene. This mutation disrupts an extremely highly conserved tryptophan residue in the forkhead domain of FOXD4, possibly resulting in reduced DNA binding capacity and altered transcriptional activity. Our present findings widen the spectrum of diseases associated with genetic aberrations in the forkhead gene family.
Assuntos
Arginina/genética , Cardiomiopatia Dilatada/complicações , Fatores de Transcrição Forkhead/genética , Mutação/genética , Transtorno Obsessivo-Compulsivo/complicações , Suicídio , Triptofano/genética , Adulto , Sequência de Aminoácidos , Sequência de Bases , Cardiomiopatia Dilatada/genética , Segregação de Cromossomos/genética , Análise Mutacional de DNA , Evolução Fatal , Fatores de Transcrição Forkhead/química , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Dados de Sequência Molecular , Transtorno Obsessivo-Compulsivo/genética , LinhagemAssuntos
N-Metil-3,4-Metilenodioxianfetamina/toxicidade , Ocitocina/fisiologia , Comportamento Sexual/efeitos dos fármacos , Comportamento Social , Vasopressinas/fisiologia , Nível de Alerta/efeitos dos fármacos , Nível de Alerta/fisiologia , Emoções/efeitos dos fármacos , Emoções/fisiologia , Humanos , Serotonina/fisiologia , Comportamento Sexual/fisiologiaRESUMO
Dipeptidyl peptidase IV (DPPIV or CD26) is an ubiquitously expressed protease that could play a role in the pathogenesis of anxiety in view of its capacity to cleave several behaviourally active neuropeptides. Hereto we sought to determine the relationship between phobic anxiety, as measured by the Crown-Crisp index, and circulating levels of soluble CD26 (sCD26) in a large cohort of 1017 Italian women participating in a general health survey. The association between sCD26 levels and phobic anxiety was tested using simple correlation analysis, linear regression and multivariate logistic regression analysis. A highly significant inverse association was found between sCD26 concentrations and anxiety scores both in simple correlation and linear regression analysis. Compared with subjects in the first tertile of sCD26 levels, the age-adjusted odds ratio for scoring >/=6 compared to scoring 0 or 1 was 0.31 (95% CI: 0.18-0.74) for the second and 0.47 (95% CI: 0.34-0.63) for the third tertile. Altogether, our data suggest that reduced plasma sCD26 concentrations could be a marker of high levels of phobic anxiety in women.