Fractura de stent liberador de sirolimus / Sirolimus-Eluting stent Fracture

La fractura del stent es una complicación que se ha comunicado luego del implante de stents liberadores de sirolimus con una frecuencia que oscila entre el 1,9% y el 16% según las series y que se asocia con una tasa mayor de reestenosis y de eventos cardíacos a largo plazo. En esta presentación se describe el caso de un paciente en el que, casi 6 años después del implante de dos stents liberadores de sirolimus telescopados, a través de tomografia computarizada multidetector y angiografía invasiva se evidenció la fractura de los stents telescopados, asociada con oclusión del stent.

The reported incidence of stent fracture after sirolimuseluting stent implantation ranges from 1.9 to 16% according to different series. It has been associated with increased rate of restenosis and long-term cardiac events. We describe the case of a patient with a telescoped stent fracture associated with stent occlusion, after 6 years of telescoped sirolimus-eluting stent implantation. It was detected using multislice computed tomography and invasive angiography.

Avaliação da resolução do supradesnivelamento do segmento ST após angioplastia primária, registro multicêntirco de infarto agudo do miocárdio com supradesnivelamento do segmento ST na Argentina / Evaluation of st segment elevation resolution after primary angioplasty: results of a multicenter registry of acute myocardial infarction with ST segment elevation in Argentina

A magnitude da resolução do supradesnivelamento do segmento ST é um marcador de reperfusão miocárdica em pacientes com infarto agudo do miocárdio. A resolução incompleta do supradesnivelamento do segmento ST foi identificada como preditor de resultados desfavoráveis em pacientes com infarto agudo do miocárdio após terapia de reperfusão. Este estudo teve como objetivos descrever a frequência de resolução incompleta do supradesnivelamento do segmento ST em um registro contemporâneo de pacientes submetidos a angioplastia primária e fazer uma comparação de seus resultados hospitalares com pacientes que apresentaram resolução completa do supradesnivelamento do segmento ST. Método: Entre julho de 2008 e fevereiro de 2009, foram incluídos 183 pacientes consecutivos com infarto agudo do miocárdio (< 24 horas) de oito centros na Argentina em um registro prospectivo de infarto agudo do miocárdio com supradesnivelamento do segmento ST foi definida como redução < ou igual 70 por cento do supradesnivelamento do segmento ST no eletrocardiograma...

Culprit-only or multivessel percutaneous coronary stenting in patients with non-ST-segment elevation acute coronary syndromes: one-year follow-up.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the major cardiac events at 1-year follow-up of multivessel versus culprit-vessel stenting in patients presenting with non-ST elevation acute coronary syndrome (NSTE-ACS) and multivessel disease (MVD). INTRODUCTION: Percutaneous coronary intervention is a standard revascularization strategy for patients with NSTE-ACS. However, when these patients have MVD it is not clear whether multivessel (MVR) is superior to culprit-vessel revascularization (CVR). METHODS: We screened 1,100 consecutive patients with NSTE-ACS from an institutional database. Comparisons of 1-year outcomes between multivessel and culprit-vessel revascularized patients were made. The primary outcome was the composite (MACE) of death, myocardial infarction (MI), or any revascularization. Secondary end-points were the components of the composite end-point. Regression analysis was performed to detect predictors of MACE. RESULTS: A total of 609 patients were considered for this analysis: 204 (33.5%) and 405 (66.5%) had MVR and CVR treatment, respectively. The strategy adopted was based on a clinical decision. The incidence of MACE was lower in MVR (9.45% vs. 16.34%, P = 0.02) with lower revascularization rate (7.46% vs. 13.86%, P = 0.04) than in CVR. There was no difference in death (1.99% vs. 1.98%, P = 0.8) nor death/MI (2.49% vs. 3.22%, P = 0.8) between MVR and CVR, respectively. Multivariate analysis showed CVR as the only independent predictor of improved MACE (OR 0.66, CI95% 1.12-3.47, P = 0.01). CONCLUSION: Multivessel stenting in patients with NSTE-ACS and multivessel disease using a clinical decision of treatment is associated with lower rate of MACE driven by lower repeat revascularization, compared with culprit-vessel stenting, without difference in rates of death or MI.

Octreotide enhances portal pressure reduction induced by propranolol in cirrhosis: a randomized, controlled trial.

BACKGROUND: In vitro, octreotide potentiates vasoconstriction in isolated, preconstricted, mesenteric arterial vessels. In cirrhotic patients, portal pressure (HVPG) reduction induced by propranolol is partly due to splanchnic vasoconstriction. AIM: To evaluate HVPG effects of octreotide administration in cirrhotic patients receiving long-term propranolol. PATIENTS AND METHODS: A randomized, controlled trial. First study: a total of 28 patients were studied at baseline and 30 and 60 minutes after octreotide (200 mug) (N = 14) or placebo (N = 14) and then treated with propranolol for approximately 30 days (106 +/- 5 mg/day). Second study: after baseline evaluation patients received octreotide or placebo as they were assigned to in the first study and measurements repeated 30 and 60 minutes later. RESULTS: In the first study baseline HVPG was 18.7 +/- 0.9 mmHg and decreased to 17.1 +/- 1.1 mmHg and 17.1 +/- 1.0 mmHg (both P < 0.05 vs baseline) at 30 and 60 minutes after octreotide, respectively. Eight patients decreased their HVPG after octreotide. In the second study baseline HVPG was 15.6 +/- 1.3 mmHg (P < 0.01 vs baseline HVPG in first study) and decreased to 14.1 +/- 1.2 mmHg and 14.1 +/- 1.3 mmHg (25.7 +/- 5% lower than baseline HVPG in the first study, P < 0.01) (both P < 0.05 vs baseline) at 30 and 60 minutes after octreotide, respectively. Nine patients (2 responders/7 nonresponders to propranolol) decreased their HVPG after octreotide. Octreotide effects may be mediated by potentiation and additive mechanisms. CONCLUSIONS: Octreotide enhances HVPG reduction induced by propranolol in cirrhotic patients.

Transcutaneous ultrasound-facilitated coronary thrombolysis during acute myocardial infarction.

In preclinical experiments, the combination of transcutaneous, low-frequency ultrasound and thrombolytic therapy has shown improved patency rates over thrombolytics alone. A total of 25 patients with myocardial infarction were treated with a thrombolytic agent and adjunctive transcutaneous ultrasound. No unanticipated major adverse events were observed.

Multicenter randomized comparison of direct vs. conventional stenting: the DIRECTO trial.

With conventional stenting, predilatation frequently induces dissections that require deploying stents longer than originally planned. To assess whether direct stenting is safe and may prevent dissections and reduce the length of stents implanted, we conducted a randomized study comparing direct (n = 73) and conventional (n = 78) stenting. Direct stenting was successful in 89% of cases, 11% crossed over to predilation without complications. Dissections occurred more frequently in conventional stenting group (10.3% vs. 1.4%; P = 0.034), but did not translate to a significant stent length difference (16.31 +/- 7.6 vs. 15.31 +/- 5.5; P = NS). Periprocedure creatine kinase elevation and number of balloons utilized were lower with direct stenting.

Effects of long-term propranolol and octreotide on postprandial hemodynamics in cirrhosis: a randomized, controlled trial.

BACKGROUND & AIMS: Postprandial increases in portal pressure may influence esophageal variceal rupture. The effects of chronic propranolol and octreotide (100 and 200 microg subcutaneously in a single dose) on postprandial hemodynamics were evaluated. METHODS: FIRST STUDY: 36 cirrhotic patients were studied at baseline and 30 and 60 minutes after a standard meal and then treated with propranolol (139 +/- 9 mg/d during 39 +/- 2 days). SECOND STUDY: After baseline measurements, patients were randomized into 3 groups: (1) placebo, (2) octreotide (100 microg), or (3) octreotide (200 microg) (n = 12 for each group). Thirty minutes postinjection a new baseline was established and measurements were repeated 30 and 60 minutes after the meal. RESULTS: First study: Baseline portal pressure was 18.1 +/- 1.2 mm Hg, 30 and 60 minutes after the meal it was 21.5 +/- 0.8 mm Hg and 20.5 +/- 0.8 mm Hg, respectively (both P < 0.01 vs. baseline). Cardiac index (CI) was 4.5 +/- 0.2, 4.8 +/- 0.2, and 4.9 +/- 0.2 L x min(-1) x m(-2), respectively (both P < 0.05 vs. baseline). Peripheral vascular resistance was 1012 +/- 56, 902 +/- 51 (P = NS), and 884 +/- 49 dynes x sec x cm(-5) (P< 0.05 vs. baseline), respectively. Second study: Propranolol and placebo did not blunt postprandial increase in portal pressure. Octreotide (100 microg) partially ameliorated postprandial increase in portal pressure. Octreotide (200 microg) significantly enhanced the portal hypotensive effect of propranolol and blunted the postprandial increase in portal pressure. CONCLUSIONS: Octreotide blunts postprandial increase in portal pressure not prevented by long-term propranolol administration.

Trasplante cardíaco: experiencia inicial / Cardiac transplantation: experience inicial

Se presenta la experiencia inicial de 7 trasplantes cardíacos efectuados en un centro privado de la Ciudad de Rosario. Se describen la indicación etiológica, las técnicas empleadas y se analizan sus resultados. Se destaca la importancia del apoyo institucional necesario para este emprendimiento, así como las dificultades inherentes al medio nacional