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1.
Antibiotics (Basel) ; 13(10)2024 Oct 18.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-39452251

RESUMO

Background/Objectives: Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are infections that involve the urethra, bladder, and, in much more severe cases, even kidneys. These infections represent one of the most common diseases worldwide. Various pathogens are responsible for this condition, the most common being Escherichia coli (E. coli). Bromelain is a proteolytic complex obtained from the stem and stalk of Ananas comosus (L.) Merr. showing several beneficial activities. In addition to bromelain, N-acetylcysteine (NAC) has also been used. Methods: The purpose of this experiment was to evaluate the antibacterial, anti-motility, and anti-biofilm effects of a new polyenzymatic complex (DIF17BRO®) in combination with NAC (the Formulation) on various strains of E. coli isolated from patients with UTIs. Subsequently, the anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects of the Formulation were studied in an ex vivo model of cystitis, using bladder samples from mice exposed to E. coli lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Results: Our results showed that the Formulation significantly affects the capability of bacteria to form biofilm and reduces the bacteria amount in the mature biofilm. Moreover, it combines the interesting properties of NAC and a polyenzyme plant complex based on bromelain in a right dose to affect the E. coli adhesion capability. Finally, the Formulation exhibited protective effects, as confirmed by the inhibitory activities on multiple inflammatory and oxidative stress-related pathways on bladder specimens exposed to LPS. Conclusions: This blend of active compounds could represent a promising and versatile approach to use to overcome the limitations associated with conventional therapies.

2.
Oral Dis ; 2024 Sep 24.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-39314203

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: Cold atmospheric plasma (CAP) is a novel approach for cancer treatment. It can be used to treat liquids-plasma-activated media (PAM)-which are then transferred to the target as an exogenous source of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (RONS). The present study aimed at chemically characterizing different PAM and assessing their in vitro selectivity against head and neck cancer cells (HNC). METHODS: PAM were obtained by exposing 2 and 5 mL of cell culture medium to CAP for 5, 10 and 20 min at a 6 mm working distance. Anions kinetics was evaluated by ion chromatography. Cell proliferation inhibition, apoptosis occurrence, and cell cycle modifications were assessed by MTS and flow cytometry, on human epidermal keratinocyte (HaCaT) and HNC cell lines HSC3, HSC4 and A253. RESULTS: The 2 mL conditions showed a significant reduction in cell proliferation whereas for the 5 mL the effect was milder, but the time-dependence was more evident. HaCaT were unaffected by the 5 mL PAM, indicating a selectivity for cancer cells. CONCLUSIONS: The media chemical composition modified by CAP exposure influenced cell proliferation by modulating cell cycle and inducing apoptosis in cancer cells, without affecting normal cells.

3.
Sci Rep ; 14(1): 10882, 2024 05 13.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38740792

RESUMO

The aim of this study was to evaluate the antimicrobial efficacy of an air gas soft jet CAP for its potential use in removing oral biofilms, given that plasma-based technologies have emerged as promising methods in periodontology. Two types of biofilms were developed, one by Streptococcus mutans UA 159 bacterial strain and the other by a complex mixture of saliva microorganisms isolated from a patient with periodontitis. This latter biofilm was characterized via Next Generation Sequencing to determine the main bacterial phyla. The CAP source was applied at a distance of 6 mm for different time points. A statistically significant reduction of both CFU count and XTT was already detected after 60 s of CAP treatment. CLSM analysis supported CAP effectiveness in killing the microorganisms inside the biofilm and in reducing the thickness of the biofilm matrix. Cytotoxicity tests demonstrated the possible use of CAP without important side effects towards human gingival fibroblasts cell line. The current study showed that CAP treatment was able to significantly reduce preformed biofilms developed by both S. mutans and microorganisms isolated by a saliva sample. Further studies should be conducted on biofilms developed by additional saliva donors to support the potential of this innovative strategy to counteract oral pathogens responsible for periodontal diseases.


Assuntos
Biofilmes , Gases em Plasma , Saliva , Streptococcus mutans , Biofilmes/efeitos dos fármacos , Biofilmes/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Humanos , Gases em Plasma/farmacologia , Streptococcus mutans/efeitos dos fármacos , Streptococcus mutans/fisiologia , Saliva/microbiologia , Fibroblastos/microbiologia , Fibroblastos/efeitos dos fármacos , Periodontite/microbiologia , Periodontite/terapia , Linhagem Celular , Boca/microbiologia
4.
Cell Death Discov ; 9(1): 400, 2023 Oct 28.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37898642

RESUMO

HER-3 (also known as ErbB-3) is a human epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinases family member, and its expression in CRC (colorectal cancer) tissues was previously associated with poor prognosis. In this study, HER-3 expression was analyzed by immunohistochemistry in two cohorts of early and advanced metastatic CRC patients. The first cohort included 180 patients diagnosed with CRC in absence of lymph nodes or distant metastases (Stage I and Stage II), while the second was obtained from 53 advanced metastatic CRC patients who developed synchronous (SM) and metachronous (MM) liver metastases. In the first early-stage CRC cohort, 86 out of 180 (47.8%) tumors showed membranous expression of HER-3, with a mean percentage of positive tumor cells of 25.7%; conversely, in advanced metastatic CRC primary tumors, HER-3 was detected in all specimens, with a mean percentage of positive tumor cells of 76.1%. Kaplan-Meier curves showed that in the advanced metastatic CRC group, patients with HER-3high tumors had a significantly lower Cancer-Specific Survival (CSS) rate compared to patients with HER-3low tumors (p = 0.021). Importantly, this worse CSS rate was observed only in the MM subgroup of patients with HER-3high tumors (p = 0.002). Multivariate analysis confirmed that high HER-3 expression represents a significant and strong risk factor for death in patients developing MM liver metastases (Hazard Ratio = 64.9; 95% Confidence Interval, 4.7-886.6; p = 0.002). In addition, using a specific anti-HER-3 antibody-drug conjugate, named EV20/MMAF, we showed that HER-3 + CRC cells can be efficiently targeted in vitro and in vivo. Overall, this study confirms that surface HER-3 is highly expressed in CRC and reveals that HER-3 expression increases in metastatic CRC patients compared to early stage. Importantly, the results suggest that HER-3 has a prognostic and therapeutic value in patients developing MM liver metastases.

5.
Oral Dis ; 2023 Aug 31.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37649401

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the expression of intracellular and vesicular LGALS3BP in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) patients and available cell lines to explore its potential as a target for antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) therapy. METHODS: Free and vesicular LGALS3BP expression levels were evaluated in cancer tissues from a cohort of OSCC patients as well as in a panel of OSCC cell lines through immunohistochemistry, qRT-PCR, Western Blot analysis, and ELISA. RESULTS: LGALS3BP resulted in being highly expressed in the cytoplasm of tumour cells in OSCC patient tissues. A strong correlation was found between high LGALS3BP expression levels and aggressive histological features of OSCC. Biochemistry analysis performed on OSCC cell lines showed that LGALS3BP is expressed in all the tested cell lines and highly enriched in cancer-derived extracellular vesicles. Moreover, LGALS3BP high-expressing HOC621 and CAL27 OSCC cell lines showed high sensitivity to the ADC-payload DM4, with an IC50 around 0.3 nM. CONCLUSIONS: The present study highlights that LGALS3BP is highly expressed in OSCC suggesting a role as a potential diagnostic biomarker and therapeutic target for ADC-based therapy.

6.
Biology (Basel) ; 12(2)2023 Feb 02.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36829516

RESUMO

Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is characterized by poor survival, mostly due to local invasion, loco-regional recurrence, and metastasis. Given that the weakening of cell-to-cell adhesion is a feature associated with the migration and invasion of cancer cells, different studies have explored the prognostic utility of cell adhesion molecules such as E-cadherin (E-cad). This study aims to summarize current evidence in a meta-analysis, focusing on the prognostic role of E-cad in OSCC. To find studies meeting inclusion criteria, Scopus, Web of Science, EMBASE, Medline, and OpenGrey databases were systematically assessed and screened. The selection process led to 25 studies, which were considered eligible for inclusion in the meta-analysis, representing a sample of 2553 patients. E-cad overexpression was strongly associated with longer overall survival (OS) with Hazard Ratio (HR) = 0.41 95% confidence interval (95% CI) (0.32-0.54); p < 0.001 and disease-free survival with HR 0.47 95% CI (0.37-0.61); p < 0.001. In terms of OS, patients with tongue cancer experienced better survivability when expressing E-cad with HR 0.28 95% CI (0.19-0.43); p < 0.001. Globally, our findings indicate the prognostic role of the immunohistochemical assessment of E-cad in OSCC and its expression might acquire a different role based on the oral cavity subsites.

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