RESUMO
Although large international studies have found consistent patterns of sex differences in personality traits among adults (i.e., women scoring higher on most facets), less is known about cross-cultural sex differences in adolescent personality and the role of culture and age in shaping them. The present study examines the NEO Personality Inventory-3 (McCrae, Costa, & Martin, 2005) informant ratings of adolescents from 23 cultures (N = 4,850), and investigates culture and age as sources of variability in sex differences of adolescents' personality. The effect for Neuroticism (with females scoring higher than males) begins to take on its adult form around age 14. Girls score higher on Openness to Experience and Conscientiousness at all ages between 12 and 17 years. A more complex pattern emerges for Extraversion and Agreeableness, although by age 17, sex differences for these traits are highly similar to those observed in adulthood. Cross-sectional data suggest that (a) with advancing age, sex differences found in adolescents increasingly converge toward adult patterns with respect to both direction and magnitude; (b) girls display sex-typed personality traits at an earlier age than boys; and (c) the emergence of sex differences was similar across cultures. Practical implications of the present findings are discussed. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2015 APA, all rights reserved).
Assuntos
Desenvolvimento do Adolescente/fisiologia , Cultura , Personalidade/fisiologia , Caracteres Sexuais , Adolescente , Adulto , Fatores Etários , Idoso , Criança , Comparação Transcultural , Estudos Transversais , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Fatores Sexuais , Adulto JovemRESUMO
Personality questionnaire scores obtained by children and adolescents (n = 28) receiving psychological treatment at a health facility in Humacao, Puerto Rico were examined. The scores were compared with those of regular school children of the same age, of Gurabo, Puerto Rico, who were not in treatment (n = 30). The children in treatment obtained higher scores on Psychoticism, lower scores on Extraversion, and similar scores on Neuroticism and Dissimulation by comparison with regular students.
Assuntos
Transtornos da Personalidade/diagnóstico , Transtornos da Personalidade/terapia , Inventário de Personalidade , Psicoterapia/métodos , Adolescente , Criança , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Transtornos da Personalidade/etnologia , Porto Rico , Índice de Gravidade de DoençaRESUMO
En este estudio se examinan las puntuaciones en deseabilidad social de niños y adultos puertorriqueños. Deseabilidad social es la tendencia a contestar en formas socialmente deseables. Cuando los ciudadanos de un pais obtienen puntuaciones altas en deseabilidad social se interpreta como una tendencia a conformar en esa sociedad. Al comparar las puntuaciones en deseabilidad social entre puertorriqueños y británicos, los puertorriqueños puntuan mas alto que sus contraparte británicos. Se ven estos resultados como una personalidad del puertorriqueno que muestra cohesión social, pero que necesita estar mas seguro al aumentar su habilidad para resolver problemas.