Relationship between Dynamic and Isometric Strength, Power, Speed, and Average Propulsive Speed of Recreational Athletes.

The purpose of this study was to examine the type of relationship between measures of maximal force (dynamic and isometric), maximal power, and mean propulsive velocity. In total, 355 recreational athletes, 96 women (age 20.5 ± 2.5 years; height 158.2 ± 17.3 cm; weight 61.8 ± 48.4 kg) and 259 men (age 21.0 ± 2.6 years; height 170.5 ± 12.6 cm; weight 65.9 ± 9.2 kg) were evaluated in three sessions separated by 72 h each in isometric midthigh pull exercise (ISOS) (kg), bench press maximum strength (1RM MSBP) (kg), jump height (CMJ) (m), and maximum pedaling power (WT) the maximum squat strength (1RM MSS) (kg), the mean propulsive velocity in the bench press (MPVBP) (m·s-1), and the peak power (PPBP) (w), mean propulsive squat velocity (MPVS) (m·s-1), peak power (PP) (w), maximum handgrip force (ISOHG) (kg), and 30 m movement speed (V30) (s). Significant correlations (p ≤ 0.01) were identified between 95% of the various manifestations of force, and only 5% presented a significance of p ≤ 0.05; however, when the magnitude of these correlations is observed, there is great heterogeneity. In this sense, the dynamic strength tests present the best correlations with the other strength and power tests used in the present study, followed by PPBP and PP. The results of this study complement what is reported in the literature regarding the correlation between different types of force manifestations being heterogeneous and contradictory.

Bar Load-Velocity Profile of Full Squat and Bench Press Exercises in Young Recreational Athletes.

The purpose of this study was to determine the mean propulsive velocity (MVP) at various percentages of one repetition maximum (1RM) in the full squat and chest press exercises. A total of 96 young women and 256 young men (recreational athletes) performed an incremental test (50−60−70−80% 1RM) comprising the bench press and full squat exercises in two different sessions. The individual load and velocity ratios were established through the MPV. Data were analyzed using SPSS software version 25.0, with the significance level set at 5%. The following findings were revealed: highly linear load-velocity relationships in the group of women (r = 0.806 in the squat, and r = 0.872 in the bench press) and in the group of men (r = 0.832 and r = 0.880, respectively); significant differences (p < 0.001) in the MPV at 50−70−80% 1RM between the bench press and the full squat in men and at 70−80% 1RM in women; and a high variability in the MPV (11.49% to 22.63) in the bench press and full squat (11.58% to 25.15%) was observed in women and men (11.31% to 21.06%, and 9.26% to 24.2%) at the different percentages of 1RM evaluated. These results suggest that the load-velocity ratio in non-strength-trained subjects should be determined individually to more precisely establish the relative load to be used in a full squat and bench press training program.

Fitness for health assessment in unilateral lower limb amputation: The Evam1 battery.

BACKGROUND: During the rehabilitation phase, physical exercise is a key element that requires an assessment of the best alternatives for application since the pre-prosthetic phase (PPF) for an accurate prescription. Therefore, the assessment of fitness for health (FFH) shall be included in the initial rehabilitation process. OBJECTIVE: To develop a FFH evaluation battery (Evam1) for pre-prosthetic unilateral lower-limb amputees (PPULLA). METHOD: A descriptive study of the theoretical construction and validation of a FFH evaluation battery based on a review of international literature for tests that measure amputee physical capability. RESULTS: During the scientific literature review, no batteries designed with this goal were found. We therefore designed a battery that was assembled of five tests for anthropometry, aerobic capacity, strength and flexibility. Combined leg and arm cycloergometrics, isokinetic dynamometry, and flexi test are the most reliable tests for the corresponding assessment of each component. CONCLUSIONS: PPF is of great importance, since the basic physical capabilities are altered due to long immobilization and hospitalization periods, inadequate postures, alteration of basic daily activities, and decrease in participation in sports, recreational, and work activities. This is a fundamental proposal, given that the procedures for FFH assessment of PPULLA have been rarely addressed, thus limiting the information on assessment methods, processes and/or tests established for these procedures.

Isoinertial technology for rehabilitation and prevention of muscle injuries of soccer players: literature review / Tecnología isoinercial para la rehabilitación y prevención de lesiones musculares en futbolistas: revisión de la literatura

Abstract Introduction: Soccer is the sport with the highest risk of muscle injury for players. Eccentric exercise is fundamental for reducing injury rates and isoinertial technology devices cause an increase in eccentric demands after a concentric contraction. Objective: To identify the use of isoinertial technology in the fields of physical activity and sports for rehabilitation and prevention of muscle injuries reported in scientific literature. Materials and methods: A search of scientific papers in PubMed, Google Scholar, EMBASE and Science Direct data base was performed by using the following MeSH medical terms and search equations: [isoinertial AND technology AND flywheels] and [free weight AND sport AND humans AND soccer]. Results: 23 references, classified into three approaches, were selected: isoinertial technology for rehabilitation, fitness and injury prevention. The use of this technology is fundamental due to the increase of the eccentric demand in muscle groups. Conclusions: Isoinertial technology is a useful tool for treating and preventing injuries, as well as for the development of physical qualities. However, it is necessary to work on protocols that allow unifying its usage parameters so that it can be included in prevention programs.

Resumen Introducción. El fútbol presenta el mayor riesgo de lesión muscular en la práctica deportiva. El ejercicio excéntrico es clave en la reducción de las tasas de lesiones donde los dispositivos con tecnología isoinercial generan un aumento en las demandas excéntricas. Objetivo. Identificar el uso de la tecnología isoinercial en el ámbito de la actividad física y el deporte para la rehabilitación y prevención de lesiones musculares reportadas en la literatura científica. Materiales y métodos. Se realizó una búsqueda de artículos científicos en las bases de datos PubMed, Google Scholar, EMBASE y Science Direct utilizando los términos MeSH y las ecuaciones de búsqueda [isoinertial AND technology AND flywheels] y [free weight And sport And humans and soccer]. Resultados. Se seleccionaron 23 referencias, las cuales fueron clasificadas en tres enfoques: tecnología isoinercial en rehabilitación, en condición física y en prevención de lesiones. El uso de esta tecnología es fundamental por el aumento en la carga excéntrica en los grupos musculares. Conclusiones. La tecnología isoinercial es una herramienta útil para el tratamiento de lesiones, su prevención y el desarrollo de cualidades físicas; sin embargo, es necesario que para su inclusión dentro de los programas de prevención se construyan protocolos que permitan unificar los parámetros de uso.

Efecto de un programa de entrenamiento físico basado en la secuencia de desarrollo sobre el balance postural en futbolistas: ensayo controlado aleatorizado / Effect of physical training based on the developmental sequence of postural balance in football players: randomized controlled trial

Antecedentes. En la actividad deportiva, el balance postural es requerido para mantener la estabilidad durante el juego. Por tanto, existe una necesidad de determinar si el aprendizaje motor desde posiciones funcionales, movimientos coordinados están implicados en los deportes. Objetivo. El objetivo de este estudio fue determinar el efecto de un entrenamiento físico basado en la secuencia de desarrollo sobre el balance postural en futbolistas de la selección de la Universidad Nacional de Colombia, sede Bogotá. Materiales y métodos. Ensayo controlado aleatorizado de 19 hombres adultos jóvenes pertenecientes al equipo de futbol de la Universidad Nacional de Colombia, sede Bogotá. Los participantes fueron aleatorizados y asignados a dos grupos, un grupo intervención (n=11), en el cual se le aplicó un entrenamiento físico basado en la secuencia de desarrollo y un grupo control (n=8) el cual realizó un programa de entrenamiento convencional de futbol. Resultados. Existe homogeneidad entre los dos grupos, en el test de balance dinámico SEBT los valores obtenidos (P<0,5), demuestran una mejoría en todas las direcciones evaluadas tanto en el miembro inferior derecho como en el izquierdo. En el grupo de intervención, la relación intragrupal muestra una correlación 3:1 siendo una medida de protección. Conclusión. La aplicación de un programa de entrenamiento físico basado en la secuencia de desarrollo genera importantes mejoras en el balance estático y dinámico. Se demuestran mejoras en las distancias de excursión lo cual se puede relacionar con un aumento del control postural dinámico.

Background. Postural balance is required to maintain stability during the course of the game. Objective. The aim of this study determine the effect of physical training based on the developmental sequence of postural balance in players of the selection of the Universidad Nacional de Colombia in Bogotá. Materials and methods. A randomized controlled trial of 19 young adult males of the football team at the Universidad National of Colombia. Participants were randomly assigned to two groups, intervention group (n=11) which fitness program based on the sequence of development and a control group (n=8). Results. Homogeneity between the two groups, the dynamic balance test SEBT p-values obtained <0.5 which confirms an improvement in all evaluated directions both in the right leg as in the left leg. In the intervention group, intra group relationship shows a 3:1 correlation which represents a measure of protection as per 3 subjects improved in the intervention group improved 1 in the control group. Discussion. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of a physical training program of 6-week, supervised, progressive, based on the sequence of development, dynamic and static balance in male soccer players. The results have shown improvements in excursion distances, which can be associated with an increased dynamic postural control. Conclusions. The use of a fitness program based on the sequence of development generates significant improvements in static and dynamic balance.