[Clinico-diagnostic significance of high-molecular mucin CA19-9 blood level in patients with breast diseases].

Blood samples of 212 patients with breast lesions (32 patients had benign lesions and 180 - malignant breast tumors) were analyzed. Benign breast diseases corresponded to fabroadenoma, cyst and diffuse mastopathy. Among those with breast cancer I-IIa stages of the disease was diagnosed in 80 patients, IIb - in 34, IIIa and IIIb stages - in 9 and 38 cases, correspondingly, stage IV was diagnosed in 19 patients. 24 women aged younger then 35 years were diagnosed with breast cancer, 108 patients aged 36-55 years, 48 women were older then 56 years. Statistically significant increase of CA 19-9 was registered in 58,3 patients younger then 35 years, whereas in patients of older groups the significant increase of the tumor marker blood level was noticed only in 22,6%.

[Lung carcinoma metastasis in renal adenoma: immunohistochemical study]. / Metastaz raka legkogo v adenome pochki: immunogistokhimicheskoe issledovanie.

The phenomenon of a tumor-to-tumor metastasis is studied immunohistochemically. About 120 similar cases were published since 1902. Well vascularized and slowly growing renal tumors are typical recipients for such metastases. A case of a lung cancer metastasis verified immunohistochemically into renal adenoma is reported in a male aged 65 years. Immunophenotypical features of the primary and metastatic foci as well as renal cell adenoma are described. Diversification of lung squamous cell carcinoma and its metastasis in renal adenoma is demonstrated.

[Immunomorphologic characterization of various parameters of stomach cancer invasion]. / Immunomorfologicheskaia kharakteristika nekotorykh parametrov invazii raka zheludka.

25 cases of advanced stomach carcinoma were studied immunomorphologically with the use of the antibodies panel to the carcinoembryonic antigen and meconian antigen B1, collagen types IV, I and III, laminin, Ki-67, P-105, factor VIII. Secretory and proliferative activity of tumor cells was shown unrelated to histological structure and degree of tumor differentiation. The more was proliferative activity the weaker was the secretory function. Formation of the basal membrane (BM), the degree of collagen formation and angiogenesis in the tubular adenocarcinoma did not depend on the differentiation level and the degree of tumor cells secretory activity. On the contrary, carcinoid component was characterized by pronounced angiogenesis and tendency to correlation between the degree of differentiation and the degree of BM formation. Stomach carcinoma is a heterogeneous group of tumors whose various morphological features may have an independent prognostic value.

[Immunomorphologic markers in breast cancer]. / Nekotorye immunomorfologicheskie markery pri rake molocnoi zhelezy.

Mammary carcinoma (MC) of various histological structure are studied immunomorphologically. Positive reaction with proliferative cells nuclear antigen (PCNA) oncoprotein cerbB-2, carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), trophoblastic beta 1 globulin (TBG) and tissue protein ferritin (Fe) was observed in one third, and with cyprein in half of MC cases. Clear-cut dependence of immunomorphological parameters upon histologic structure and degree of malignancy was not established. An increase of PCNA content with the tumor size increase was observed. There is a tendency to more frequent observation of CEA, Fe, TBG in the presence of the lymph nodes metastases. Most unfavourable for the prognosis are combinations of positive reactions of CEA with TBG, CEA with OCNA, CEA with cerbB-2 as well as PCNA, cerbB-2, CEA.

[Initial signet ring cell carcinoma of the stomach]. / Nachal'nyi perstnevidnokletochnyi rak zheludka.

The analysis of 49 cases of T1 initial signet-ring cell carcinoma of the stomach showed the intestinal differentiation to be a main type of differentiation making doubtful Lauren's classification of the stomach carcinoma. This differentiation proceeds in various directions as indicated by the presence of different types of mucins, antigens and endocrine granules. The presence of the endocrine granules and characteristic structural arrangement allow singling out neuroendocrine tumours (24.5%) from the group of signet-ring cell carcinomas. It is emphasized that thorough morphological preoperative control is necessary in the choice of treatment.

[An immunohistochemical study of pepsinogen type C in the gastric mucosa and in stomach cancer]. / Immunogistokhimicheskoe izuchenie pepsinogena C v slizistoi obolochke i rake zheludka.

129 cases of non-malignant gastric lesions and 171 cases of gastric carcinoma were studied immunohistochemically for pepsinogen C. PgC was constantly expressed at the bottom of the gastric glands irrespective of the disease. PgC was much more frequently observed in cancer patients (p < 0.001). PgC-positive were carcinoma tissues (38%), particularly of the intestinal type (53.4%), but also in mixed (40%) and diffuse (15.5%) types. PgC-negative carcinomas were more frequently observed in combination with PgC-positive areas of the surface epithelium (p < 0.001) and intestinal metaplasia (p < 0.05). PgC-positive dysplastic foci were observed in both groups of PgC-positive and PgC-negative malignant tumours.

[The immunohistochemical study of trophoblast beta 1-globulin expression in cancer and in the mucosa of the large intestine]. / Immunogistokhimicheskoe izuchenie ékspressii trofoblasticheskogo beta-1-globulina v rake i slizistoi obolochke tolstoi kishki.

The expression of pregnancy-specific beta-1-globulin (SP1) was studied in cancer-affected and nonaffected colon mucosa. The antigen was revealed in 19 out of 50 (38%) cases of carcinoma and in 1 out of 4 cases of ulcerative colitis. SP1 was found neither in noncancer colon mucosa nor in transitional mucosa and adenomas. The antigen was detected in the epithelium and stromal macrophages of carcinoma. SP1-positive cells were located mainly in the sites of tumor invasion. The results allow considering SP1 the tumor marker suitable for immunohistochemical diagnosis of colon cancer.

[The determination of the concentration of the carcinoembryonic and meconial antigens in the gastric juice of patients with stomach pathology]. / Opredelenie kontsentratsii rakovo-émbrional'nogo i mekonial'nogo antigenov v zheludochnom soke bol'nykh s patologiei zheludka.

Beta-I-MA and CEA concentration in gastric juice was studied in 74 patients with gastric pathology and healthy subjects. Elevated concentrations of beta-I-MA and CEA were found more often in the gastric juice of cancer patients and less often in that of patients without malignant pathology. No significant differences in the concentration of each antigen were found between the "cancer" and "polyp" groups. The combined use of the two test procedures was shown to sufficiently complement the CEA test. The difference in the probability of high concentrations of both antigens in gastric juice in cancer and low ones in other pathologies was highly significant (chi 2 = 15.3, p. 0.00015).

[Stromal components in cancer of the stomach and large intestine (immunohistochemical study)]. / Komponenty stromy v rake zheludka i tolstoi kishki (immunogistokhimicheskoe issledovanie).

The review deals with the problem of immunohistochemical interactions between parenchymal cells and stromal components of gastric and colonic carcinomas. The authors discuss the individual features of extracellular matrix and mesenchymal cells (fibroblasts, macrophages, lymphocytes, etc.) in the tumours tissue. Own authors' data are used for the analysis.

[Cellular localization of human secretory beta globulin in normal and tumor tissues]. / Issledovanie kletochnoi lokalizatsii sekretornogo beta-globulina cheloveka v normal'nykh i opukholevykh tkaniakh.

Distribution of secretory beta-globulin (S beta G) which possesses affinity for steroids was investigated immunohistochemically. Tissue specificity of S beta G, produced in adult secretory epithelial cells of the seminal vesicles, salivary glands, prostate, bronchi and mammary gland was discovered. The protein was not detected in fetal and embryonal tissues. S beta G synthesis is abnormal in neoplasms: its expression partly preserves in breast cancer cells and increases in epithelium of mammary ducts near the focus of malignancy. In lung cancer and bronchial glands cells near the focus of neoplastic transformation S beta G positive reaction was not observed.

[Goblet cell antigen revealed by monoclonal antibody D12]. / Antigen bokalovidnykh kletok, vyiavliaemyi monoklonal'nymi antitelami D12.

An antigen from meconium was revealed by monoclonal antibody D 12 (IgM). This antigen was heat liable substance with relative m. m. about 400-600 kD. Reactions on histological slides with MAb D 12 were blocked up after processing tissues by neuraminidase and become stronger after processing tissues by NaIO4. Antigen D 12 was found in goblet cells of fetal and definitive colon and in analogous cells of trachea and bronchi.

[Immunohistochemical study of the expression of trophoblastic beta-1-globulin in the gastric epithelium of man in stomach cancer]. / Immunogistokhimicheskoe izuchenie ékspressii trofoblasticheskogo beta-1-globulina v épitelii zheludka cheloveka pri rake étogo organa.

The expression of specific-pregnancy beta 1-globulin (SP1) was studied in gastric mucosa with chronic gastritis. The expression of SP1 was revealed in focus of intestinal metaplasia, dysplasia as well as in cover epithelial cells.

[Use of a mixture of three types of antibodies for immuno-histologic detection of stomach cancer micrometastases]. / Primenenie smesi iz trekh tipov antitel dlia immunogistologicheskogo vyiavleniia mikrometastazov raka zheludka.

The stomach carcinoma micrometastases to lymph nodes were revealed by nondirect immunoperoxidase method. The reaction was performed on the slides of lymph nodes stained with hematoxylin and eosin taken from pathomorphologic archives, by the mixture of polyclonal antibodies to carcinoembryonic antigen, beta-I-meconial antigen and pepsinogen C. The micrometastases were found in 7 of 58 cases (10.8%) that had initial histologic diagnosis "lack of metastases".

[Immunohistochemical study of meconial antigens in neoplasms and mucosa of the colon and rectum]. / Immunogistokhimicheskoe izuchenie mekonial'nykh antigenov v novoobrazovaniiakh i slizistoi obolochke tolstoi i priamoi kishok.

The expression of 4 meconial antigens--beta-1-MA, beta-2-MA, MMA, gamma-MA in neoplastic and preneoplastic colonic mucosa was studied. Meconial antigens were revealed in small amount in adult normal colonic epithelium. The mucosa adjacent to tumours was rich in these antigens. Cellular localization of meconial antigens in these parts of colonic mucosa was similar to that of embryonal alimentary tract. beta-1-MA was found in 96%, beta-2-MA--73.6%, MMA--82.8%, gamma-MA--31.8% of colonic carcinomas.

[An immunohistochemical study of placenta-specific alpha 2-microglobulin in human ontogeny]. / Immunogistokhimicheskoe issledovanie spetsificheskogo dlia platsenty al'fa 2-mikroglobulina v ontogeneze cheloveka.

Tissues of adult man and fetus were studied by indirect immunoperoxidase technique using affinity-purified antibodies against placenta-specific alpha 2-microglobulin (APM-2). APM-2 proved to be synthesized mucous membrane cells of uterus during secretory phase of the menstrual cycle. APM-2 was also found in atretic follicle of fertile woman ovary as well as in I order oocytes from the fetus ovary (26 weeks). In men APM-2 is synthesized in seminal vesicles. APM-2 was found both in cytotrophoblast and in syncytiotrophoblast as shown by study of chorionic villi.

[Experimental studies of the possibilities of radioimmunodetection of cancer of the large intestine by subcutaneous administration of iodinated antibodies to intestinal antigen beta1-MA]. / Eksperimental'noe izuchenie vozmozhnosti radioimmunodetektsii rakatolstoi kishki pri podkozhnoi vvedenii iodirovannykh antitel k kishechnomu antigenu beta1 MA.

131I- and 125I-labeled rabbit antibodies (AB) to the specific human intestinal beta 1MA were administered sc and iv to nude mice xenografts of human colon carcinoma. A study was made of the pharmacokinetics of labeled AB in the recipients' organs and tissues, measuring the radioactivity of tissue specimens on days 2, 3, 4 and 7 after injection with a gamma-counter, calculating specific radioactivity and accumulation indices. Tumors were visualized with a gamma-camera and a scanner. Proceeding from the comparison of the results of sc and iv administration of iodinated AB, a conclusion has been made of the applicability of sc injections of the agent for immunoscintigraphy.

[The paraneoplastic phenotype of human gastric glands studied using the carcinoembryonic antigen-specific lectin crustacin]. / Izuchenie paraneoplasticheskogo fenotipa zhelez zheludka cheloveka s pomoshch'iu rakovo-émbrional'nogo antigens spetsificheskogo lektina krustatsina.

The expression of CEA was studied with the help of rabbit antibody and CEA-specific lectin-krustacin in pepsinogen positive gastric glands near carcinomas and in gastric mucosa with intestinal metaplasia and dysplasia of the epithelium without neoplasia. CEA-krustacin was revealed in 20 out of 41 cases and CEA-antibody in 2 out of 41 cases of gastric glands in mucosa near carcinomas. The results of investigation discover the development in the gastric glands near carcinoma subcellular components. Paraneoplastic phenomenon was found in the majority of the cases.