RESUMO
The mediator kinases CDK8 and CDK19 control the dynamic transcription of selected genes in response to various signals and have been shown to be hijacked to sustain hyperproliferation by various solid and liquid tumors. CDK8/19 is emerging as a promising anticancer therapeutic target. Here, we report the discovery of compound 12, a novel small molecule CDK8/19 inhibitor. This molecule demonstrated not only decent enzymatic and cellular activities but also remarkable selectivity in CDK and kinome panels. Besides, compound 12 also displayed favorable ADME profiles including low CYP1A2 inhibition, acceptable clearance, and high oral bioavailability in multiple preclinical species. Robust in vivo PD and efficacy studies in mice models further demonstrated its potential use as mono- and combination therapy for the treatment of cancers.
Assuntos
Antineoplásicos , Quinase 8 Dependente de Ciclina , Quinases Ciclina-Dependentes , Inibidores de Proteínas Quinases , Quinase 8 Dependente de Ciclina/antagonistas & inibidores , Quinase 8 Dependente de Ciclina/metabolismo , Humanos , Animais , Inibidores de Proteínas Quinases/farmacologia , Inibidores de Proteínas Quinases/química , Inibidores de Proteínas Quinases/farmacocinética , Inibidores de Proteínas Quinases/uso terapêutico , Inibidores de Proteínas Quinases/síntese química , Quinases Ciclina-Dependentes/antagonistas & inibidores , Quinases Ciclina-Dependentes/metabolismo , Antineoplásicos/farmacologia , Antineoplásicos/química , Antineoplásicos/farmacocinética , Antineoplásicos/uso terapêutico , Antineoplásicos/síntese química , Camundongos , Descoberta de Drogas , Linhagem Celular Tumoral , Relação Estrutura-Atividade , Proliferação de Células/efeitos dos fármacos , Neoplasias/tratamento farmacológico , RatosRESUMO
HJURP is overexpressed in several cancer types and strongly correlates with patient survival. However, the mechanistic basis underlying the association of HJURP with cancer aggressiveness is not well understood. HJURP promotes the loading of the histone H3 variant, CENP-A, at the centromeric chromatin, epigenetically defining the centromeres and supporting proper chromosome segregation. In addition, HJURP is associated with DNA repair but its function in this process is still scarcely explored. Here, we demonstrate that HJURP is recruited to DSBs through a mechanism requiring chromatin PARylation and promotes epigenetic alterations that favor the execution of DNA repair. Incorporation of HJURP at DSBs promotes turnover of H3K9me3 and HP1, facilitating DNA damage signaling and DSB repair. Moreover, HJURP overexpression in glioma cell lines also affected global structure of heterochromatin independently of DNA damage induction, promoting genome-wide reorganization and assisting DNA damage response. HJURP overexpression therefore extensively alters DNA damage signaling and DSB repair, and also increases radioresistance of glioma cells. Importantly, HJURP expression levels in tumors are also associated with poor response of patients to radiation. Thus, our results enlarge the understanding of HJURP involvement in DNA repair and highlight it as a promising target for the development of adjuvant therapies that sensitize tumor cells to irradiation.
Assuntos
Cromatina , Glioma , Humanos , Centrômero/metabolismo , Proteína Centromérica A/genética , Proteína Centromérica A/metabolismo , Cromatina/genética , Proteínas Cromossômicas não Histona/genética , Proteínas Cromossômicas não Histona/metabolismo , Reparo do DNA/genética , Proteínas de Ligação a DNA/genética , Proteínas de Ligação a DNA/metabolismo , Glioma/genéticaRESUMO
Breast and gynecological cancers are among the leading causes of death in women worldwide, illustrating the urgent need for innovative treatment options. We identified MYT1 as a promising new therapeutic target for breast and gynecological cancer using PandaOmics, an AI-driven target discovery platform. The synthetic lethal relationship of MYT1 in tumor cell lines with CCNE1 amplification enhanced this rationale. Through structure-based drug design, we developed a series of novel, potent, and highly selective inhibitors specifically targeting MYT1. Importantly, our lead compound, featuring a tetrahydropyrazolopyrazine ring, exhibits remarkable selectivity over WEE1, a related kinase associated with bone marrow suppression upon inhibition. Optimization of potency and physical properties resulted in the discovery of compound 21, a novel MYT1 inhibitor, exhibiting optimal pharmacokinetic properties and promising in vivo antitumor efficacy.