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Cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is a common non-melanoma skin cancer (NMSC). Although most cutaneous SCC in people with lighter skin pigmentation as a result of sun damage, patients with underlying conditions such as skin ulcers and chronic inflammation-including conditions such as lupus vulgaris (LV) and chronic discoid lupus erythematosus-are also predisposed to developing SCC. Here we report a case of secondary SCC diagnosed in a 54-year-old patient with 20 years of lupus vulgaris without prior formal systemic treatment, a rarity in clinical practice. Two months ago, the patient developed papules on the right cheek that ulcerated and discharged purulent fluid. Laboratory tests revealed a positive TSPOT result and histopathological examination confirmed granulomatous lesions, supporting the diagnosis of SLE. However, a tissue biopsy unexpectedly revealed a moderately differentiated SCC of the keratinizing type. In this case, we performed surgical excision of the lesion followed by cosmetic closure and adjuvant photodynamic therapy (PDT). Concurrently, the patient underwent systemic anti-tuberculosis treatment. At 6 months post-treatment, no tumour recurrence was observed and the rash associated with lupus erythematosus had also resolved. The patient was satisfied with the treatment outcome.
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Oyster peptide (OP) and Pfaffia glomerata extract (PGE) were used as raw materials. The optimal formulation of the pressed candy (PC) was optimized by one-way experiment and D-optimal mixture experiment design, and animal experiment was used to evaluate the effect of PC on male sexual dysfunction. The results showed that PC intervention significantly improved the sexual behavior of male mice with sexual dysfunction, including a significant shortening of the mount latency (ML) and intromission latency, and a significant increase in the mount frequency (MF) and intromission frequency (IF). At the same time, the concentrations of serum testosterone (T) and luteinizing hormone (LH) in mice were restored, and the erectile parameters and pathological changes of penile tissue were improved. Further studies found that PC intervention increased the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) and reduced the content of malondialdehyde (MDA) in testicular tissue. In addition, PC intervention improved testicular tissue morphology. In conclusion, the obtained PC has good taste quality, and the relevant quality indicators are qualified. It has a good ameliorative effect on male sexual dysfunction and may be a potential dietary supplement.
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Colitis causes inflammation, diarrhoea, fever, and other serious illnesses, posing a serious threat to human health and safety. Current medications for the treatment of colitis have serious side effects. Therefore, the new strategy of creating a defence barrier for immune function by adding anti-inflammatory foods to the daily diet is worth advocating for. Low-molecular weight oyster peptides (LOPs) are a natural food with anti-inflammatory activity extracted from oysters, so intervention with LOPs is likely to be an effective preventive solution. The aim of this study was to investigate the preventive effect of LOPs on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced acute colitis inflammation in mice and its underlying mechanism. The results showed that LOPs not only inhibited the colonic histopathy in mice induced by LPS-induced inflammation but also reduced the inflammatory response in the blood. In addition, LOPs significantly increased the number of beneficial bacteria (Alistipes, Mucispirillum, and Oscillospira), decreased the number of harmful bacteria (Coprobacillus, Acinetobater) in the intestinal microbiota, and further affected the absorption and utilisation of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) in the intestinal tract. In conclusion, dietary supplementation with LOPs is a promising health-promoting dietary supplement and nutraceutical for the prevention of acute colitis by reducing the inflammatory response and modulating the intestinal microbial communities.
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AIMS: Improvement in left ventricular ejection fraction (impEF) often presents in contemporary acute myocardial infarction (AMI) patients. New-onset atrial fibrillation (NOAF) during AMI is an important predictor of subsequential heart failure (HF), while its impact on the trajectory of post-MI left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) and prognostic implication in patients with and without impEF remains undetermined. We aimed to investigate the prognostic impacts of NOAF in AMI patients with and without impEF. METHODS AND RESULTS: Consecutive AMI patients without a prior history of AF between February 2014 and March 2018 with baseline LVEF ≤ 40% and had ≥1 LVEF measurement after baseline were included. ImpEF was defined as a baseline LVEF ≤ 40% and a re-evaluation showed both LVEF > 40% and an absolute increase of LVEF ≥ 10%. Persistently reduced EF (prEF) was defined as the second measurement of LVEF either ≤40% or an absolute increase of LVEF < 10%. The primary endpoint was a major adverse cardiac event (MACE) that was composed of cardiovascular death and HF hospitalization. Cox regression analysis and competing risk analysis were performed to assess the association of post-MI NOAF with MACE. Among 293 patients (mean age: 66.6 ± 11.3 years, 79.2% of males), 145 (49.5%) had impEF and 67 (22.9%) developed NOAF. Higher heart rate (odds ratio [OR]: 0.84, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.73-0.97; P = 0.015), prior MI (OR: 0.25, 95% CI: 0.09-0.69; P = 0.008), and STEMI (OR: 0.40, 95% CI: 0.21-0.77; P = 0.006) were independent predictors of post-MI impEF. Within up to 5 years of follow-up, there were 22 (15.2%) and 53 (35.8%) MACE in patients with impEF and prEF, respectively. NOAF was an independent predictor of MACE in patients with impEF (hazard ratio [HR]: 7.34, 95% CI: 2.49-21.59; P < 0.001) but not in those with prEF (HR: 0.78, 95% CI: 0.39-1.55; P = 0.483) after multivariable adjustment. Similar results were obtained when accounting for the competing risk of all-cause death (subdistribution HR and 95% CIs in impEF and prEF were 6.47 [2.32-18.09] and 0.79 [0.39-1.61], respectively). CONCLUSIONS: The NOAF was associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular outcomes in AMI patients with impEF.
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Symbiotic nitrogen fixation can reduce the impact of agriculture on the environment by reducing fertilizer input. The rapid development of nanomaterials in agriculture provides a new prospect for us to improve the biological nitrogen fixation ability of leguminous crops. Molybdenum is an important component of nitrogenase, and the potential application of MoO3NPs in agriculture is largely unexplored. In this study, on the basis of verifying that MoO3NPs can improve the nitrogen fixation ability of soybean, the effects of MoO3NPs on the symbiotic nitrogen fixation process of soybean were investigated by using dynamic transcriptome and targeted metabolome techniques. Here we showed that compared with conventional molybdenum fertilizer, minute concentrations of MoO3NPs (0.01-0.1 mg kg-1) could promote soybean growth and nitrogen fixation efficiency. The nodules number, fresh nodule weight and nitrogenase activity of 0.1 mg kg-1 were increased by 17 %, 14 % and 27 %, and plant nitrogen accumulation increased by 17 %. Compared with conventional molybdenum fertilizer, MoO3NPs had a greater effect on apigenin, kaempferol and other flavonoid, and the expression of nodulation related genes such as ENOD93, F3'H. Based on WGCNA analysis, we identified a core gene GmCHS9 that was positively responsive to molybdenum and was highly expressed during MoO3NPs induced nodulation. MoO3NPs could improve the nitrogen fixation ability of soybean by promoting the secretion of flavonoids and the expression of key genes. This study provided a new perspective for the nano-strengthening strategy of nodules development and flavonoid biosynthesis by molybdenum.
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Flavonoides , Glycine max , Metaboloma , Molibdênio , Fixação de Nitrogênio , Transcriptoma , Glycine max/efeitos dos fármacos , Fixação de Nitrogênio/efeitos dos fármacos , Fertilizantes , Nodulação/efeitos dos fármacos , Nanopartículas/toxicidade , Nanopartículas Metálicas/toxicidadeRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Cucurbita pepo cv Dayangua (CPD) is an edible plant with diverse pharmacological properties. The current research on CPD has primarily focused on initial investigations of its chemical composition and pharmacological effects, and no comprehensive toxicity assessment has been conducted to date. METHODS: In the present study, the toxicity of CPD was evaluated through both acute and sub-chronic oral toxicity tests in mice. 16S rDNA sequencing was used to analyze the composition of the gut microbiota of mice at different time points to observe the effect of CPD on these microbial communities. RESULTS: In the acute toxicity test, CPD exhibited low toxicity, with a median lethal dose (LD50) > 2000 mg/kg. The sub-chronic toxicity test indicated that CPD administration at doses of 200, 400, and 600 mg/kg did not cause mortality or significant organ damage in mice. Furthermore, analysis of the gut microbiota after gavage administration of CPD at 400 and 600 mg/kg revealed an improved abundance of some beneficial gut bacteria. CONCLUSIONS: In summary, no acute or sub-chronic toxic effects were observed in mice following the oral administration of CPD. CPD did not affect the structure and diversity of the gut microbiota and may contribute to an increase in the number of beneficial gut bacteria.
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Cucurbita , Microbioma Gastrointestinal , Animais , Microbioma Gastrointestinal/efeitos dos fármacos , Camundongos , Masculino , Extratos Vegetais/farmacologia , Extratos Vegetais/toxicidade , Feminino , Testes de Toxicidade AgudaRESUMO
Molybdenum (Mo) plays a pivotal role in the growth and nitrogen-fixing process of plants mediated by rhizobia. However, the influence of nanomolybdenum trioxide (MoO3NPs) on soybean growth, rhizosphere bioavailable Mo, and nitrogen-fixing microorganisms remains underexplored. Here, we report that compared with that of ionic Mo and bulk MoO3, the utilization of MoO3NPs (specifically NPs0.05 and NPs0.15) significantly boosted the available Mo content in the rhizosphere soil throughout the seedling (by 21.64 %-101.38 %), podding (by 54.44 %-68.89 %), and mature stage (by 34.41 %-to 45.71 %) of soybean growth. Furthermore, both NPs0.05 and NPs0.15 treatments maintained consistently higher levels of acid-extractable Mo, reducible Mo, and oxidizable Mo across these stages, which facilitated stable conversion and supply of bioavailable Mo. Within the rhizosphere soil, NPs0.05 and NPs0.15 treatments resulted in the highest relative abundance of Rhizobiales and Bradyrhizobium genera, and significantly promoted the colonization of nitrogen-fixing microorganisms, thereby increasing the content of nitrate nitrogen (NO3--N) by 8.69 % and 7.72 % and ammonium nitrogen (NH4+-N) by 44.75 % and 17.55 %, respectively. Ultimately, these effects together contributed to 107.17 % and 84.00 % increment in soybean yield by NPs0.05 and NPs0.15 treatments, respectively. In summary, our findings underscore the potential of employing MoO3NPs to promote plant growth and maintain soil nitrogen cycling, indicating distinct advantages of MoO3NPs over ionic Mo and bulk MoO3.
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Glycine max , Molibdênio , Fixação de Nitrogênio , Óxidos , Rizosfera , Microbiologia do Solo , Molibdênio/metabolismo , Solo/químicaRESUMO
In our previous study, two peptides with favorable anti-inflammatory effects, Asp-Gln-Thr-Phe (DQTF) and Gly-Tyr-Thr-Arg (GYTR), were screened from Ruditapes philippinarum using an in vitro-in silico strategy. The present study aims to investigate the ameliorative effect of Ruditapes philippinarum peptides (RPPs) on acute inflammation and clarify the potential mechanism through in vitro and in vivo experiments. The anti-inflammatory effects of DQTF and GYTR were verified with a lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced RAW264.7 cell acute inflammation model and the anti-inflammatory effect of the enzymatic hydrolysates of Ruditapes philippinarum was explored in vivo using an LPS-induced acute inflammatory injury model in mice. The results show that DQTF and GYTR improved the morphology of LPS-injured cells and decreased the concentrations of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and interleukin (IL)-6 in LPS-induced cells. Moreover, the antioxidant enzyme activity in cells was markedly increased with DQTF and GYTR. The enzymatic hydrolysates of Ruditapes philippinarum were obtained with hydrolysis using pepsin-chymotrypsin-trypsin (PeCTHC) and pepsin-trypsin (PeTHC), respectively. PeCTHC and PeTHC significantly reduced pro-inflammatory cytokines and nitric oxide (NO) in the serum. Additionally, the blood indices and levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-PX), and malondialdehyde (MDA) in the livers of mice were markedly improved with RPPs administration. In conclusion, RPPs have preventive and protective effects on acute inflammation, with significant prospects for development in the field of functional foods.
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Oysters contain significant amounts of the zinc element, which may also be found in their proteins. In this study, a novel zinc-binding protein was purified from the mantle of the oyster Magallana hongkongensis using two kinds of gel filtration chromatograms. Sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) showed that its molecular weight was approximately 36 kDa. The protein identified by the Q-Exactive mass spectrometer shared the highest sequence identity with carbonic anhydrase derived from Crassostrea gigas concerning amino acid sequence similarity. Based on homologous cloning and RACE PCR, the full-length cDNA of carbonic anhydrase from Magallana hongkongensis (designated as MhCA) was cloned and sequenced. The cDNA of MhCA encodes a 315-amino-acid protein with 89.74% homology to carbonic anhydrase derived from Crassostrea gigas. Molecular docking revealed that the two zinc ions primarily form coordination bonds with histidine residues in the MhCA protein. These results strongly suggest that MhCA is a novel zinc-binding protein in Magallana hongkongensis.
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Anidrases Carbônicas , Proteínas de Transporte , Crassostrea , Animais , DNA Complementar/genética , Simulação de Acoplamento Molecular , Clonagem Molecular , Crassostrea/metabolismo , Anidrases Carbônicas/metabolismo , ZincoRESUMO
An oyster peptide (OPs)-loaded composite nanogel based on carboxymethyl cellulose and carboxymethyl chitosan (CMC@CMCS@OPs) was prepared, and the characterization, absorption and transport mechanism were further investigated. CMC@CMCS@OPs, a dense spherical microstructure with a diameter of â¼64 nm, which enhanced the thermal and digestive stabilities of individual OPs and improved its retention rate of hypoglycemic activity in vitro. The swelling response and in-vitro release profiles showed that CMC@CMCS@OPs could help OPs achieve targeted and controlled release in the intestine. In addition, CMC@CMCS@OPs had no cytotoxicity on Caco-2 cells, and its apparent permeability coefficients increased 4.70-7.45 times compared with OPs, with the absorption rate increased by 129.38 %. Moreover, the transcytosis of CMC@CMCS@OPs nanogel occurred primarily through the macropinocytosis pathway, endocytosis pathway and intestinal efflux transporter-mediated efflux. Altogether, these results suggested that CMC@CMCS@OPs nanogel could be as an effective OPs delivery device for enhancing its stability and absorption.
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Carboximetilcelulose Sódica , Quitosana , Polietilenoglicóis , Polietilenoimina , Humanos , Carboximetilcelulose Sódica/química , Nanogéis , Células CACO-2 , Quitosana/química , PeptídeosRESUMO
BACKGROUND: It is well-known that systemic inflammation plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis and prognosis of acute myocardial infarction (AMI). The systemic immune-inflammation index (SII, platelet × neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio) is a novel index that is used for the characterization of the severity of systemic inflammation. Recent studies have identified the high SII level as an independent predictor of poor outcomes in patients with AMI. We aimed to investigate the prognostic implications of SII in AMI patients with and without diabetes mellitus (DM). METHODS: We included 2111 patients with AMI from February 2014 to March 2018. Multivariable Cox regression analyses were performed to estimate the hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of all-cause death and cardiovascular (CV) death. Multiple imputation was used for missing covariates. RESULTS: Of 2111 patients (mean age: 65.2 ± 12.2 years, 77.5% were males) analyzed, 789 (37.4%) had DM. Generalized additive model analyses showed that as the SII increased, the C-reactive protein and peak TnT elevated while the LVEF declined, and these associations were similar in patients with and without DM. During a median of 2.5 years of follow-up, 210 all-cause deaths and 154 CV deaths occurred. When treating the SII as a continuous variable, a higher log-transformed SII was significantly associated with increased all-cause mortality (HR: 1.57, 95%CI: 1.02-2.43) and CV mortality (HR: 1.85, 95%CI 1.12-3.05), and such an association was also significant in the diabetics (HRs and 95%CIs for all-cause death and CV death were 2.90 [1.40-6.01] and 3.28 [1.43-7.57], respectively) while not significant in the nondiabetics (Pinteraction for all-cause death and CV death were 0.019 and 0.049, respectively). Additionally, compared to patients with the lowest tertiles of SII, those with the highest tertiles of SII possessed significantly higher all-cause mortality (HR: 1.82, 95%CI 1.19-2.79) and CV mortality (HR: 1.82, 95%CI 1.19-2.79) after multivariable adjustment, and this relationship remained pronounced in the diabetics (HRs and 95%CIs for all-cause death and CV death were 2.00 [1.13-3.55] and 2.09 [1.10-3.98], respectively) but was not observed in the nondiabetics (HRs and 95%CIs for all-cause death and CV death were 1.21 [0.75-1.97] and 1.60 [0.89-2.90], respectively). Our restricted cubic splines analyses indicated a pronounced linear association between SII and mortality only in diabetics. CONCLUSIONS: In AMI patients with DM, high SII is an independent predictor of poor survival and may be helpful for patient's risk stratification.
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Diabetes Mellitus , Infarto do Miocárdio , Masculino , Humanos , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Idoso , Feminino , Prognóstico , Infarto do Miocárdio/diagnóstico , Inflamação/diagnóstico , Diabetes Mellitus/diagnóstico , Diabetes Mellitus/epidemiologia , Sistema de RegistrosRESUMO
AIMS: To investigate the predictive value and prognostic impact of stress hyperglycemia ratio (SHR) for new-onset atrial fibrillation (NOAF) complicating acute myocardial infarction (AMI). MATERIALS AND METHODS: This retrospective study included 2145 AMI patients without AF history between February 2014 and March 2018. SHR was calculated using fasting blood glucose (mmol/L)/[1.59*HbA1c (%)-2.59]. The association between SHR and post-MI NOAF was assessed with multivariable logistic regression analyses. The primary outcome was a composite of cardiac death, heart failure hospitalisation, recurrent MI, and ischaemic stroke (MACE). Cox regression-adjusted hazard ratios with 95% confidence intervals (CI) were estimated for MACE. RESULTS: A total of 245 (11.4%) patients developed NOAF. In the multivariable logistic regression analyses, SHR (each 10% increase) was significantly associated with increased risks of NOAF in the whole population (OR: 1.05, 95% CI: 1.01-1.10), particularly in non-diabetic individuals (OR:1.08, 95% CI: 1.01-1.17). During a median follow-up of 2.7 years, 370 (18.5%) MACEs were recorded. The optimal cut-off value of SHR for MACE prediction was 1.119. Patients with both high SHR (≥1.119) and NOAF possessed the highest risk of MACE compared to those with neither high SHR nor NOAF after multivariable adjustment (HR: 2.18, 95% CI: 1.39-3.42), especially for diabetics (HR: 2.63, 95% CI: 1.41-4.91). Similar findings were observed using competing-risk models. CONCLUSIONS: SHR is an independent predictor of post-MI NOAF in non-diabetic individuals. Diabetic patients with both high SHR and NOAF had the highest risk of MACE, suggesting that therapies targeting SHR may be considered in these patients. TRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT03533543.
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Fibrilação Atrial , Isquemia Encefálica , Hiperglicemia , Infarto do Miocárdio , Acidente Vascular Cerebral , Humanos , Estudos Retrospectivos , Fibrilação Atrial/complicações , Fibrilação Atrial/epidemiologia , Isquemia Encefálica/complicações , Fatores de Risco , Infarto do Miocárdio/complicações , Infarto do Miocárdio/epidemiologia , Hospitais , Hiperglicemia/complicaçõesRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Water-free transportation (WFT), as a novel strategy for express delivery of live shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei), was developed recently. However, air exposure during this transportation arouses a series of abiotic stress to the shrimp. In the present study, the influences of WFT stress on glycolysis and lipolysis metabolism and meat quality (umami flavor and drip loss) were investigated in comparison with conventional water transportation (WT). RESULTS: The results showed that type II muscle fibers with the feature of anaerobic metabolism were dominated in shrimp flesh. In addition, the increments of intracellular Ca2+ was detected in WFT and WT, which then activated the AMP-activated protein kinase pathway and promoted the consumption of glycogen, as well as the accumulation of lactate and lipolysis, under the enzymolysis of hexokinase, pyruvate kinase, lactate dehydrogenase and adipose triglyceride lipase. Glycogen glycolyzed to latate. Meanwhile, ATP degraded along with glycolysis resulting in the generation of ATP-related adenosine phosphates such as inosine monophosphate with umami flavor and phosphoric acid. More remarkable (P < 0.05) physiological changes (except lactate dehydrogenase and lactate) were observed in WFT compared to WT. Additionally, the fatty acid profile also slightly changed. CONCLUSION: The transport stress induced significant energy metabolism changes of shrimp flesh and therefore effected the flesh quality. The intensifications of freshness (K-value) of shrimp flesh were detected as a result of ATP degradation, which were more pronounced after WFT. However, the drip loss of shrimp flesh was more significantly increased (P < 0.05) after WFT compared to WT. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Proteínas Quinases Ativadas por AMP , Penaeidae , Animais , Proteínas Quinases Ativadas por AMP/metabolismo , Glicogênio/metabolismo , Lactatos/metabolismo , Lactato Desidrogenases/metabolismo , Trifosfato de Adenosina , Penaeidae/metabolismoRESUMO
This study aimed to purify and characterize immunoregulatory peptides from Sipunculus nudus L. and to explore the underlying mechanisms. Ultrafiltration, gel filtration chromatography, and reverse phase high-performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) were used to purify the peptide following enzymatic hydrolysis. Rates of lymphocyte proliferation and phagocytosis as well as nitric oxide (NO) production levels were used as indicators of immunoregulatory activity to screen the fractions. The amino acid sequence of the peptide, designated as SNLP, was identified as Arg-Val-Lys-Gly-Lys-Ile-Leu-Ala-Lys-Arg-Leu-Asn (RVKGKILAKRLN) by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). Treatment with the synthetic SNLP increased the proliferation and phagocytosis of RAW 264.7 macrophages and promoted the secretion of tumor necrosis factor-É (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-1ß (IL-1ß), and NO levels. The mRNA levels of these cytokines and iNOS were also increased by SNLP. Our results provide preliminary evidence suggesting that SNLP acts as a dual immunomodulatory peptide with immunostimulatory and anti-inflammatory activities. In summary, SNLP derived from Sipunculus nudus L. is a potent immunoregulatory peptide and represents a potential functional food or immunoregulatory drug.
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In order to realize the multi-level utilization of marine shellfish resources and to develop the potential biological activity of processing by-products of Atrina pectinata, gelatin was extracted from the mantle and the potential whitening effect of its enzymatic peptides was explored. Taking tyrosinase inhibitory activity as the evaluation index, the enzyme hydrolysate process was optimized by response-surface methodology, and the optimal enzyme hydrolysate conditions were as follows: pH 5.82, 238 min enzyme hydrolysate time, and temperature of 54.5 °C. Under these conditions, the tyrosinase inhibition activity of Atrina pectinata mantle gelatin peptide (APGP) was 88.6% (IC50 of 3.268 ± 0.048 mg/mL). The peptides obtained from the identification were separated by ultrafiltration and LC-MS/MS, and then four new peptides were screened by molecular docking, among which the peptide Tyr-Tyr-Pro (YYP) had the strongest inhibitory effect on tyrosinase with an IC50 value of 1.764 ± 0.025 mM. The molecular-docking results indicated that hydrogen bonding is the main driving force for the interaction of the peptide YYP with tyrosinase. From the Lineweaver-Burk analysis, it could be concluded that YYP is inhibitory to tyrosinase and exhibits a mixed mechanism of inhibition. These results suggest that YYP could be widely used as a tyrosinase inhibitor in whitening foods and pharmaceuticals.
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Molybdenum application holds the potential to enhance agricultural productivity. However, the precise impact on soil microbial diversity and mineral nutrient availability remains uncertain. In this study, we collected rhizosphere soil samples from different growth stages of broad beans. By analyzing mineral element contents, soil phosphorus and zinc fractions, as well as fungal and bacterial diversity, we observed that Mo application resulted in a reduction of soil CitrateâP and HClâP content. This reduction led to an increase in available P content at different stages. Moreover, Mo application elevated root P concentration, but concurrently impeded the translocation of P to the shoots. Mo application also decreased the soil ExcâZn (exchangeable Zn) content while increasing the ResâZn (residual Zn) content, ultimately causing a decrease in available Zn content at different stages. Consequently, the Zn concentration within broad beans correspondingly decreased. Mo application fostered an augmentation in fungal richness and Shannon indices at the branching and podding stages. The analysis of microbial co-occurrence networks indicated that Mo application bolstered positive connectivity among fungal taxa. Remarkably, Mo significantly increased the abundance of Chaetomium, Leucosporidium, and Thielavia fungi. Spearman correlation analysis demonstrated a significant positive correlation between fungal diversity and soil available P content, as well as a notable negative correlation with soil available Zn content. These findings suggest that Mo application may modify the availability of soil P and Zn by influencing fungal diversity in the rhizosphere of crop soil, ultimately impacting nutrient accumulation within the grains.
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Fabaceae , Vicia faba , Solo , Molibdênio/farmacologia , Rizosfera , Microbiologia do Solo , Minerais , NutrientesRESUMO
Pfaffia glomerata extract (PGE) has a variety of biological activities. However, its ameliorative effect on and exact working mechanism in male sexual dysfunction are still poorly understood. This study aims to evaluate the ameliorative effect of PGE on paroxetine (PRX)-induced sexual dysfunction in male mice and uses molecular docking technology to investigate its underlying mechanism. In this work, PRX-induced sexual dysfunction was caused and PGE was gavaged in mice for 28 days. The results show that PGE significantly improved the sexual performance of mice and reduced the damage to testicular tissues. Further studies showed that PGE restored serum sex hormones to normal levels and increased nitric oxide (NO) and cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) levels as well as nitric oxide synthase (NOS) activity in penile tissues, while also decreasing phosphodiesterase-5 (PDE-5) activity, thereby maintaining normal penile erection in mice. In addition, PGE improved the activities of enzymes (LDH, ACP, and ALP) related to energy metabolism in the testis and significantly increased sperm count and viability in mice. Furthermore, the molecular docking results show that all eight compounds in PGE could form a stable complex with PDE-5 and inhibit the activity of PDE-5. In conclusion, PGE had an ameliorative effect on PRX-induced sexual dysfunction, suggesting that PGE has a potential protective effect on male sexual health.