RESUMO
Local malignant potential of basal cell carcinoma (BCC) can lead at advanced stages to the destruction of underlying tissues and significant morbidity. The primary risk factor for progression of advanced basal cell carcinoma (aBCC) is the long duration of the tumour, which results from delay in seeking medical care. To assess the implication of psycho-social factors in the delay before the first medical consultation among patients with aBCC, in order to identify potentially targetable factors enabling earlier diagnosis. Three-step qualitative meta-synthesis: (1) systematic review of the literature; (2) structured qualitative analysis of these documents; (3) construction of a logical model. After screening, 81 articles were included. Self-neglect and denial in patients are roundly put forward as the main obstacles to consultation. We found that avoidance behaviour, mistaken interpretation and banalisation of symptoms, and fear of treatment all played a role. The strongest motivation to seek help comes from the realisation that new symptoms may be dangerous; the role of interpersonal surroundings is highlighted as helpful. Patient delay has multifactorial origins in aBCC, especially self-neglect ranging from denial of tumours to conscious refusal of treatment.
Assuntos
Carcinoma Basocelular , Neoplasias Cutâneas , Carcinoma Basocelular/diagnóstico , Carcinoma Basocelular/patologia , Humanos , Aceitação pelo Paciente de Cuidados de Saúde , Encaminhamento e Consulta , Neoplasias Cutâneas/diagnóstico , Fatores Sociais , Fatores de TempoRESUMO
Aims: In 2018, the 11th version of the International Classification of Diseases (ICD-11) recognized a new diagnosis in addition to Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD), that of Complex Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (C-PTSD). A new measurement tool was developed to assess both disorders: the International Trauma Questionnaire. The objectives of this study were (a) to conduct a French translation of the tool, (b) to confirm the factorial structure of the tool, (c) to verify its convergent and divergent validity, (d) and finally to ensure its temporal stability.Method: The ITQ was translated into French using a committee approach, bringing together experts and bilingual individuals with a dual French-English culture. It was then completed by 750 people residing in France and having been exposed to potentially traumatic events, recruited from the general population. Other measures were also completed (HADS, ITEM, PCL-5, WHO-5, DERS).Results: Confirmatory factor analysis confirmed that the French version of the ITQ had the same factor structure as the original version. The scale showed satisfactory convergent and divergent validity, as well as good stability over time.Conclusion: Our study suggests that the French version of the ITQ is a good measurement tool for assessing PTSD and C-PTSD according to the ICD-11 diagnostic criteria.HIGHLIGHTS This study provides the first translation and validation of the International Trauma Questionnaire in the French population.Confirmatory factor analysis confirmed that the French version of the ITQ had the same factor structure as the original version.The French version of the ITQ showed good convergent and divergent validity, as well as good test-retest reliability.
RESUMO
BACKGROUND: Tumour extension beyond the mesorectal plane (ymrT4) occurs in 5-10 per cent of patients with rectal cancer and 10 per cent of patients develop locally recurrent rectal cancer (LRRC) after primary surgery. There is global variation in healthcare delivery for these conditions. METHODS: An international benchmark trial of the management of ymrT4 tumours and LRRC was undertaken in France and Australia between 2015 and 2017. Heterogeneity in management and operative decision-making were analysed by comparison of surgical resection rates, blinded intercountry reading of pelvic MRI, quality-of-life assessment and qualitative evaluations. RESULTS: Among 154 patients (97 in France and 57 in Australia), 31·8 per cent had ymrT4 disease and 68·2 per cent LRRC. The surgical resection rates were 88 and 79 per cent in France and Australia respectively (P = 0·112). The concordance in operative planning was low (κ = 0·314); the rate of pelvic exenteration was lower in France than Australia both in clinical practice (36 of 78 versus 34 of 40; P < 0·001) and in theoretical conditions (10 of 25 versus 50 of 57; P = 0·002). The R0 resection rate was lower in France than Australia for LRRC (25 of 49 versus 18 of 21; P = 0·007) but not for ymrT4 tumours (21 of 26 versus 15 of 15; P = 0·139). Morbidity rates were similar. Patients who underwent non-exenterative procedures had higher scores on the mental functioning subscale at 12 months (P = 0·047), and a lower level of distress at 6 months (P = 0·049). Qualitative analysis highlighted five categories of psychosocial factors influencing treatment decisions: patient, strategy, specialist, organization and culture. CONCLUSION: This international benchmark trial has highlighted the differences in worldwide treatment of locally advanced and LRRC. Standardized care should improve outcomes for these patients.
ANTECEDENTES: La extensión del tumor más allá del plano del meso-rrecto (ymrT4) ocurre en el 5-10% de los pacientes con cáncer de recto y el 10% de los pacientes desarrollan recidiva local del cáncer de recto (locally recurrent rectal cáncer, LRRC) después de una cirugía primaria. Existe una variación global en la prestación de la asistencia sanitaria para esta pato-logía. MÉTODOS: Se realizó un ensayo de referencia internacional sobre el manejo de ymrT4 y LRRC en Francia y Australia entre 2015 y 2017. La heterogeneidad en el manejo y la toma de decisiones quirúrgicas se analizaron mediante la comparación de las tasas de resección quirúrgica, la lectura a ciegas de la resonancia magnética (RM) pélvica entre países, la evaluación de la calidad de vida y las evaluaciones cualitativas. RESULTADOS: De 154 pacientes (97 en Francia versus 57 en Australia), el 32% tenía ymrT4 y el 68% tenía cáncer de recto con recidiva local. Las tasas de resección quirúrgica fueron del 87,6% versus 77,8% (P = 0,112). La tasa de concordancia en la decisión quirúrgica fue baja (coeficiente kappa = 0,314) con una tasa más baja de exenteración pélvica en Francia, tanto en la práctica clínica (46% versus 85%; P < 0,0001) como en condiciones teóricas (40% versus 88%; P = 0,002). La tasa de resección R0 fue menor en Francia para la LRRC (51% versus 86%, P = 0,007) pero no para el ymrT4 (81% versus 100%, P = 0,139). Las tasas de morbilidad fueron similares. Los pacientes que se sometieron a procedimientos no exenterativos tuvieron una subescala de funcionamiento mental más alta a los 12 meses (P = 0,04) y un nivel de angustia más bajo a los 6 meses (P = 0,04). El análisis cualitativo destacó 5 categorías de factores psicosociales que afectaron a la decisión del tratamiento: paciente, estrategia, especialista, organización y cultura. CONCLUSIÓN: Este ensayo de referencia internacional destaca las diferencias en el tratamiento mundial del cáncer de recto localmente avanzado y de la LRR. La aten-ción estandarizada debería mejorar los resultados para estos pacientes.
Assuntos
Benchmarking , Tomada de Decisão Clínica/métodos , Disparidades em Assistência à Saúde/estatística & dados numéricos , Padrões de Prática Médica/estatística & dados numéricos , Neoplasias Retais/diagnóstico por imagem , Neoplasias Retais/cirurgia , Adulto , Idoso , Austrália , Feminino , França , Disparidades em Assistência à Saúde/normas , Humanos , Imageamento por Ressonância Magnética/estatística & dados numéricos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Recidiva Local de Neoplasia/diagnóstico por imagem , Recidiva Local de Neoplasia/psicologia , Recidiva Local de Neoplasia/cirurgia , Estadiamento de Neoplasias , Padrões de Prática Médica/normas , Protectomia/estatística & dados numéricos , Estudos Prospectivos , Pesquisa Qualitativa , Qualidade de Vida , Neoplasias Retais/patologia , Neoplasias Retais/psicologiaRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Facing the increasing cancer incidence and cancer survivorship, many national strategic cancer plans have identified cancer care coordination as a priority for health service improvement. However, the high variability of practices, the diversity of definitions and underlying concepts increases the existing difficulty to standardise, replicate, transpose and assess care coordination within the French health system context. The EPOCK national study aims at evaluating practices and the working context of hospital-based cancer care coordination nurses, based on a previously designed reference framework for care coordination within the French health system context. METHODS: EPOCK is based on a comprehensive evaluation of nursing professions in cancer care coordination, considered as a complex intervention. Phase 1 (theoretical phase) will define and design a theoretical reference framework for care coordination in France through an international literature review, aiming to identify relevant models and all components of the expected framework and a structured consensus method, the Nominal group technique, aiming to select and prioritise the most relevant components already found in the literature review with regard to the French healthcare system; phase 2 (Operational phase) will consist in an in-depth analysis of practices, contexts, perceptions and attitudes related to care coordination occupations by nurses in oncology and all stakeholders (related professionals, patients and their caregivers) through a multicentric cross-sectional mixed-method evaluative study. The observed practices and contexts will be finally compared with the theoretical reference framework using both inductive and deductive approaches. DISCUSSION: This study will result in an evaluation framework identifying key models and key elements relative to cancer care coordination interventions that can be used to guide management of cancer care coordination nursing occupations within the French healthcare system. EPOCK would also assist in public decision-making to identify optimal targets, skills profiles and scope of actions for cancer coordination professions. Finally, EPOCK will describe typology of nurse practices in cancer care coordination and thus obtain precise preliminary information essential for drafting a medico-economic evaluation study of these new nursing professions' impact. TRIAL REGISTRATION: Clinicaltrial.gov registration: NCT03350776 , 11/22/2017.
Assuntos
Continuidade da Assistência ao Paciente/organização & administração , Neoplasias/enfermagem , Enfermagem Oncológica/organização & administração , Estudos Transversais , França , Pesquisa sobre Serviços de Saúde , Humanos , Pesquisa Qualitativa , Projetos de Pesquisa , Inquéritos e QuestionáriosRESUMO
The qualitative-quantitative study investigates the co-existence of barriers and levers to FOBT screening in 5894 individuals reluctant to be screened, identifying operational motivational patterns that may increase screening compliance. Co-occurrence analysis was performed according to three motivational conditions (barriers, levers, or both).Cluster analysis then identified motivational predictors of effective screening. One quarter of the individuals who had refused screening nevertheless expressed at least one motivation towards FOBT. As such, co-existence of barriers and levers within the same individual demonstrates ambivalence tendencies. Intrinsic motivations appear to be the most likely to increase FOBT compliance. This study finds that certain factors well-known to improve CRC screening compliance generally, may not have much impact on reluctant individuals due to ambivalence and contextual nuances. Several practical recommendations to encourage screening participation are offered, such as focusing on levers rather barriers, providing tailored education to improve awareness and readiness, and fostering intrinsic motivation with relevant approaches.
Assuntos
Tomada de Decisões , Detecção Precoce de Câncer , Motivação , Sangue Oculto , Cooperação do Paciente/psicologia , Idoso , Neoplasias Colorretais/diagnóstico , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Programas de Rastreamento/métodos , Programas de Rastreamento/psicologia , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Educação de Pacientes como AssuntoRESUMO
UNLABELLED: This article describes the isolation and characterization of a Campylobacter-like isolate originating from the faeces of a sick leopard tortoise. Molecular as well as matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight (MALDI-TOF) characterization suggests that it could correspond to a new Campylobacter species. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY: The major impact of this work is the demonstration that proteomics and especially MALDI-TOF typing can be used as an alternative method to 16S rDNA sequencing for phylogeny and can lead to the discovery of new Campylobacters.
Assuntos
Campylobacter/classificação , Tipagem Molecular/métodos , Filogenia , Espectrometria de Massas por Ionização e Dessorção a Laser Assistida por Matriz/métodos , Tartarugas/microbiologia , Animais , Campylobacter/genética , Campylobacter/isolamento & purificação , Campylobacter fetus/classificação , DNA Ribossômico/química , Fezes/microbiologia , Masculino , RNA Ribossômico 16S/genéticaRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Vitiligo affects around 0.5% of the population. The burden of disease perceived by patients seems to be underestimated by the medical community. OBJECTIVES: To analyse the impact of objective and psychological factors on the quality of life (QoL) and self-body image of patients with vitiligo. METHODS: Demographic data, medical information and psychological factors (perceived severity, trait anxiety, trait depression, trait self-esteem, body image and QoL) were prospectively collected for all patients. RESULTS: Forty-eight patients with a mean age of 43.9 years were included in the study. Vitiligo caused overall a moderate effect on patients' QoL with a 7.17 Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI) mean score (out of 30) without correlation with gender. According to distribution, no or minimal (DLQI 0-1), mild (2-5), moderate (6-11) and severe (12-20) impairment of QoL was found in five (10%), 14 (29%), 18 (38%) and 11 (23%) patients, respectively. The mean perceived severity evaluated by the patients was 4.91 based on visual analogue scale from 0 to 10. The self-body image was influenced by gender, perceived severity and disease characteristics. Perceived severity and patient personality were predictors of QoL impairment. Perceived severity of vitiligo was explained mainly by the patients' personality and less significantly by objective criteria. CONCLUSIONS: Subjective as well as objective factors should be included in the assessment of disease severity and follow-up of patients with vitiligo. A simple perceived severity scale is useful in clinical practice.
Assuntos
Qualidade de Vida , Vitiligo/psicologia , Adulto , Feminino , França , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Análise de Regressão , Índice de Gravidade de Doença , Perfil de Impacto da Doença , Inquéritos e Questionários , Adulto JovemRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: To assess late outcome and satisfaction of life of patients with severe traumatic brain injury (TBI) patients who received inpatient rehabilitation in Aquitaine. DESIGN AND PATIENTS: Seventy-nine consecutive patients out of the 158 who were hospitalized for rehabilitation in 1993 were asked for in 2000 by a phone interview including standardised scales and free talk as well. RESULTS: The results showed that nine years on average after their injury, 65 to 85% of patients were independent for daily living, whereas 35 to 55% only were independent in social life. Most of them were satisfied with their autonomy (67%), family life (66%) and financial status (41%), but they were dissatisfied with leisure (36%), vocational adjustment (28%) and sexual life (32%). CONCLUSION: Return to work, leisure and sexuality are major parameters of satisfaction of life after a severe TBI, and should be emphasized in goal-directed rehabilitation programs.
Assuntos
Atitude Frente a Saúde , Lesões Encefálicas/psicologia , Lesões Encefálicas/reabilitação , Satisfação Pessoal , Qualidade de Vida , Atividades Cotidianas , Adaptação Psicológica , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Emprego , Família/psicologia , Feminino , Seguimentos , França , Escala de Resultado de Glasgow , Humanos , Atividades de Lazer , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Recuperação de Função Fisiológica , Comportamento Sexual , Inquéritos e Questionários , Resultado do TratamentoRESUMO
In view of assessing their late outcome and satisfaction of life, 79 out of 158 severe traumatic brain injury (STBI) patients who received inpatient rehabilitation in Aquitaine in 1993 were followed by phone interview. Results showed that 9 years on average after their injury, 65 to 85% of these patients were independent for daily living, whereas 35 to 55% only were independent in social life. Most of the patients were satisfied with their autonomy (67%), family life (66%) and financial status (41%), but they were dissatisfied with leisures (36%), vocational adjustment (28%) and sexual life (32%). Satisfaction of life was mostly related to age, gender, physical autonomy, need of help because of cognitive impairment and functional outcome as assessed by the Glasgow Outcome Scale. Severe traumatic brain injury (STBI) stands in industrialised countries as a major Public Health problem and a dreadful human drama for the patients, their families and the community [2]. A great number of STBI patients survive with severe disability, most of them being young adults. The most severely impaired may live only with their parents or in high-cost nursing homes. From a psychological point of view, STBI causes a total and sudden breakdown of the mental states, personality and conditions of life. Life plans and projects are definitively disrupted, satisfaction of life is deeply changed. Rehabilitation aims at improving functional outcome of persons with STBI, and at improving their overall quality of life. Planning for rehabilitation and re-entry into community of STBI patients need to be provided with precise data on their late outcome and disability level. Despite that the concepts of quality and satisfaction of life are difficult to define and moreover to assess, these are also major factors to take into account. The aims of the present study were to assess the late psycho-social outcome of patients hospitalized in Aquitaine for rehabilitation of a STBI 7 to 10 years after their injury, and to ask for their satisfaction of life and subjective feeling of quality of life.
Assuntos
Lesões Encefálicas/psicologia , Lesões Encefálicas/reabilitação , Relações Interpessoais , Saúde Mental , Satisfação Pessoal , Atividades Cotidianas , Adulto , Lesões Encefálicas/fisiopatologia , Emprego , Feminino , Seguimentos , Escala de Resultado de Glasgow , Humanos , Masculino , Qualidade de VidaAssuntos
Síndrome de Adaptação Geral , Modelos Biológicos , Modelos Psicológicos , Estresse Psicológico , Adaptação Psicológica , Atitude Frente a Saúde , Mecanismos de Defesa , Síndrome de Adaptação Geral/diagnóstico , Síndrome de Adaptação Geral/fisiopatologia , Síndrome de Adaptação Geral/psicologia , Humanos , Percepção , Fatores de Risco , Papel (figurativo) , Autorrelato , Índice de Gravidade de Doença , Ajustamento Social , Estresse Psicológico/diagnóstico , Estresse Psicológico/fisiopatologia , Estresse Psicológico/psicologiaRESUMO
A short form (42 items) of the Ways of Coping Checklist was administered to 468 French men and women. A factor analysis of the responses yielded three factors, accounting for about 35% of the total variance, and named Problem-focused Coping, Emotion-focused Coping, and Social Support seeking. The first two dimensions are close to those generally described in the literature. Some interesting relationships of scores appeared between personality and coping, notably, between anxiety and emotion-focused coping.
Assuntos
Adaptação Psicológica , Comparação Transcultural , Idioma , Inventário de Personalidade/estatística & dados numéricos , Adulto , Emoções , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Resolução de Problemas , Psicometria , Reprodutibilidade dos Testes , Apoio SocialRESUMO
Using various methods of observation, the psychological status of 211 patients of both sexes was assessed after the surgery or treatment justifying their hospitalization. Intercorrelations of scores on 40 variables obtained to describe the state of the patients were submitted to a principal components analysis. The latter yielded a factor of maladjustment to hospitalization associated with various psychosociological antecedents of the patients and a short-term unfavorable development of their physical health. This dimension seems to correspond not just with personal characteristics but to involve the interaction of medical staff members and patients in a manner detrimental to patients' recovery.
Assuntos
Adaptação Psicológica , Hospitalização , Determinação da Personalidade/estatística & dados numéricos , Papel do Doente , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Satisfação do Paciente , Psicometria , Meio Social , Resultado do TratamentoRESUMO
This article aims to present health psychology, a new discipline which recently appeared in the U.S.A., then in Europe and finally in France. It is defined as the study of interactions between psychological, sociological and biological factors which are influential in the onset, course and prognosis of somatic diseases. Health psychology insists on the moderating role of processual variables in the understanding of stress-distress relationship: perceived stress, coping, perceived control, social support. The most valid assessment methods of these constructs are also presented. Its application aims to promote healthy life-styles, prevention of diseases and the improvement of the management and care of patients.
Assuntos
Doença , Saúde , Psicologia , Adaptação Psicológica , Doença/etiologia , Doença/psicologia , Humanos , Controle Interno-Externo , Prognóstico , Apoio Social , Estresse Fisiológico/etiologia , Estresse Fisiológico/fisiopatologia , Estresse Psicológico/etiologia , Estresse Psicológico/fisiopatologiaRESUMO
Coping is currently defined as "the various cognitive or behavioral efforts intended to master or tolerate the internal or external demands which threaten or go beyond the resources of a subject "(Lazarus & Folkman, 1984). The general objective of this work was to present the french version of a coping scale (Vitaliano et al., 1985) for the assessment of the different types of coping strategies which one can use when confronting an adversive event. Our population is composed of 501 adults (329 female and 172 males) of the age of 20 to 35 years. A Principal Component Analysis gave us a general factor of coping (12% V.T.) which gathers emotional focused strategies and problem focused strategies. The factorial analysis with varimax rotation confirmed the existence of 5 specific types of coping strategies. These are "solving problem" factor (9.4% V.T.), "avoidance with wishful thinking" factor (7.5% V.T.), "seeks social support" factor (6.5% V.T.), "positive reevaluation" factor (5.9% V.T.) and "self-blamed" (5.7% V.T.). These results allowed us to construct a valid questionnaire of 29 items measuring 5 types of coping strategies.
Assuntos
Adaptação Psicológica , Testes Psicológicos/normas , Inquéritos e Questionários/normas , Tradução , Adulto , Aprendizagem da Esquiva , Estudos de Avaliação como Assunto , Análise Fatorial , Feminino , Culpa , Humanos , Masculino , Resolução de Problemas , Reprodutibilidade dos Testes , Apoio SocialRESUMO
Evidence for the existence of two phenotypes of piglets born to experimental herds was obtained based on the susceptibility of intestinal brush borders to adhesion of K99-positive Escherichia coli. The enterocytes of the K99-receptive piglets displayed a characteristic sialoglycolipid pattern, with a higher content of the monosialoglycolipids II3NeuGc-LacCer (GM3Gc), IV3NeuGc-nLcOse4Cer (SPGGc) and IV3NeuAc-nLcOse4Cer (SPG) and the oligosialogangliosides IV3NeuAc,II3NeuAc-GgOse4Cer (GD1a), II3(NeuAc)2-GgOse3Cer (GD2), II3(NeuAc)2-GgOse4Cer (GD1b) and IV3NeuAc,II3(NeuAc)2-GgOse4Cer (GT1b) when compared to the gangliosides of non-receptive piglets. The gangliosides from enterocytes of the non-receptive piglets were mainly the monosialogangliosides II3NeuAc-GgOse3Cer (GM2) and II3NeuAc-LacCer (GM3), only traces of the other sialoglycolipids being detected. Adhesion of 14C-labelled K99-positive E. coli cells to the piglet small intestinal sialoglycolipids, as tested by the thin-layer chromatogram overlay assay, revealed that the receptive enterocyte membrane was richer in glycolipids containing K99 receptor structures than the non-receptive enterocyte. Adhesion of K99-positive E. coli correlated with the degree of sialylation of the brush border glycolipids.
Assuntos
Antígenos de Superfície/metabolismo , Aderência Bacteriana/fisiologia , Toxinas Bacterianas , Escherichia coli/fisiologia , Glicolipídeos/metabolismo , Mucosa Intestinal/microbiologia , Jejuno/microbiologia , Animais , Sequência de Carboidratos , Cromatografia em Camada Fina , Epitélio/metabolismo , Epitélio/microbiologia , Escherichia coli/imunologia , Feminino , Fímbrias Bacterianas/metabolismo , Vida Livre de Germes , Glicolipídeos/análise , Jejuno/metabolismo , Masculino , Microvilosidades/metabolismo , Microvilosidades/microbiologia , Dados de Sequência Molecular , Fenótipo , SuínosAssuntos
Aminoacil-tRNA Sintetases/metabolismo , Complexos Multienzimáticos/metabolismo , Plantas/enzimologia , Arginina-tRNA Ligase/metabolismo , Leucina-tRNA Ligase/metabolismo , Metionina tRNA Ligase/metabolismo , Peso Molecular , Fenilalanina-tRNA Ligase/metabolismo , Frações Subcelulares/enzimologia , Triticum/enzimologiaAssuntos
Aminoacil-tRNA Sintetases/metabolismo , Arginina-tRNA Ligase/metabolismo , Leucina-tRNA Ligase/metabolismo , Ribossomos/metabolismo , Aminoácidos/administração & dosagem , Arginina-tRNA Ligase/antagonistas & inibidores , Cinética , Leucina-tRNA Ligase/antagonistas & inibidores , Peso Molecular , Conformação Proteica , Soroalbumina Bovina/metabolismo , Triticum/metabolismoRESUMO
The intravenous, intraperitoneal or oral administration of furosemide before intravenous infusion of phenylephrin protects rats, the highest doses and the longest the time between administration of the diuretic drug and the beginning of injection, inducing the best protection. The diuretic effects of furosemide do not seem to be the only ones involved because rehydrated animals by isotonic saline solution are still protected. Moreover other diuretic drugs as acetazolamide are useless and on the other hand ethacrynic acid, without any diuretic activity in the Rat, can protect that animal from the edematous effects of phenylephrin.