Avaliação do papel do farmacêutico nas ações de promoção da saúde e prevenção de agravos na atenção primária / Evaluation of the role of the pharmacist in actions promoting health and preventing accidents and diseases within primary health care

Para o farmacêutico, atividades baseadas nos preceitos da promoção da saúde e prevenção de agravos dentro da Atenção Primária à Saúde constituem-se em um desafio. Esse estudo teve como objetivo analisar as ações de promoção à saúde e prevenção de agravos realizadas pelo profissional farmacêutico desenvolvidas em grupos de usuários de uma Unidade de Saúde da Família. Foram desenvolvidas atividades educativas em dois Grupos (Gestantes e Idosos) da Unidade de Saúde da Família Emocy Krause, Recife-PE. Para descrição das atividades foi utilizado o Diário de Campo do Farmacêutico e ao término de cada atividade foi aplicado um Questionário de Avaliação. Três atividades foram realizadas no Grupo de Gestantes: Desenvolvimento do feto durante a gestação, Plantas medicinais e chás na gravidez e Uso racional de medicamentos, e seis para o Grupo de idosos: Higiene do sono, Hipertensão arterial sistêmica e Diabetes, Uso racional de medicamentos, Doenças reumáticas, Oficina de memória e Prevenção de quedas na terceira idade. O julgamento dos usuário sem relação ao conteúdo das atividades foi de Muito Satisfatório por 15/22 gestantes e 40/72 idosas. Em relação às metodologias utilizadas, 17/22 e 45/72 dos questionários analisados do grupo de gestantes e idosos, respectivamente, apresentaram como resposta o item Muito Satisfatório. O entendimento dos participantes antes da realização da atividade era tido como Ruim ou Muito Ruim (11/22 Gestantes e 33/72 Idosas) sendo a compreensão dos participantes avaliada como Satisfatória ou Muito Satisfatória, após a realização das atividades, por 22/22 gestantes e 72/72 idosas. A inserção do farmacêutico na Atenção Primária, considerando as características de um espaço multidisciplinar e a adequação de metodologias participativas, minimiza uma prática tecnicista e o individualismo profissional...

For the pharmacist, activities based on the principles of health promotion and prevention of disorders within Primary Health Care constitute a challenge. The aim in this study was to analyze the actions of health promotion and disease prevention carried out by the resident pharmacist working with user groups at a Family Health Unit. Educational activities were developed with two groups of users (pregnant women and elderly) at the Emocy Krause Family Health Care Unit in Recife (PE, Brazil). To describe the activities, we used the pharmacist's Field Diary and, at the end of each activity, an Assessment Questionnaire was used. Three activities were carried out with the Group of Pregnant Women: Development of the fetus during pregnancy, Use of medicinal plants and herbal teas for pregnancy and Rational drug use, and six with the Elderly group: Sleeping hygiene, Hypertension and diabetes, Rational drug use, Rheumatic disorders, Memory workshop and Prevention of falls among the elderly. The evaluation of the content of activities by the users was Very Satisfactory for 15/22 of the pregnant women and 40/72 of the elderly group. Regarding the methods used, 17/22 and 45/72 of the replies to the questionnaires by the groups of pregnant women and elderly, respectively, were Very Satisfactory. The understanding of the participants prior to the activity was described as Poor or Very Poor (11/22 pregnant women and 33/72 elderly), whereas it was assessed as Satisfactory or Very satisfactory after the completion of activities by 22/22 women and 72/72 elderly participants. The inclusion of the pharmacist in Primary Health Care, given the characteristics of a multidisciplinary space and the adequacy of participatory methods, minimizes professional individualism and a technicist practice...

[Visuomotor behaviour of preterm infants in the first month of life. A comparison between the chronological and corrected ages]. / Comportamiento visuomotor de lactantes pretérmino en el primer mes de vida. Comparación entre las edades cronológica y corregida.

INTRODUCTION: Technological advances have helped to lower the rate of infantile mortality and to raise the survival rate of preterm infants. Thus, studies need to be conducted in this segment of the population, while prematurity continues to be one of the risk factors for neuro-sensory-motor disorders. There is evidence to show that these children present visual and visuoperceptual disorders. With regard to visual problems, the literature suggests the hypothesis that the gestational age at the moment of birth exerts an influence on the child's visual behaviour. Bearing this evidence in mind, doubts are raised as to whether such alterations can be detected in periods that are appropriate for the development of vision. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: We carried out a cross-sectional follow-up study of preterm infants in the first month of life who had their visuomotor behaviour evaluated at the chronological and corrected age. All of them were evaluated by applying the method for assessing the visual behaviour of infants, which is based on tests from the Bayley scales of infant development, as an instrument for investigating visuomotor behaviour. RESULTS: Most of the preterm infants presented a response, with a higher frequency in the eye contact tests, smiling as a social response, horizontal and vertical visual tracking, and increased mobility of the upper limbs on seeing the object at the corrected age. CONCLUSIONS: The responses obtained in this study allow us to confirm the importance of taking into account the corrected age when measuring the parameters involved in the development of visuomotor behaviour.