Tertiary syphilis and cardiovascular disease: the united triad: case report.

Background: Syphilis, owing to its natural course, can lead to long-term damage to the aortic valve, such as insufficiency and rarely stenosis, ostial coronary stenosis, and syphilitic aortitis. Cardiovascular involvement alongside neurological involvement dominates the prognosis. This should no longer be seen, thanks to awareness and prevention programmes, medical treatment, and antibiotics. Case summary: We report a case of a 54-year-old chronic smoker with no previous history, admitted for respiratory distress amid an impaired general condition. An electrocardiogram was performed, which showed sinus rhythm with lateral ST depression and T-wave inversion. Coronary angiography revealed an ostial stenosis of the left coronary artery. Echocardiography displayed a globular dilated left ventricle with a left ventricular ejection fraction of 40% and severe aortic insufficiency (AI). Computed tomography angiography of the aorta showed a dilation of the thoracic aorta and suprarenal abdominal aorta. Syphilitic serology was positive. The patient underwent angioplasty, resulting in a satisfactory outcome, and subsequently received optimal treatment. Following a consultation with a cardiovascular surgeon and vascular team, it was decided to proceed with mechanical aortic valve replacement and aorto-coronary double bypass surgery, but vascular surgery of the ascending aortic aneurysm was not possible at once. Discussion: Tertiary syphilis should always be considered when faced with isolated coronary ostial involvement, aortic aneurysm, and/or AI. What makes our case special is that the patient had almost all the cardiovascular complications of tertiary syphilis. Primary syphilis should always be prevented, diagnosed early, and treated appropriately with antibiotic therapy.

Myocardial infarction in a pregnant woman revealing a transitional deficit in protein S: a rare case report.

The occurrence of myocardial ischemia and myocardial infarction in pregnancy is relatively rare, the occurrence of myocardial infarction in pregnancy is associated with cardiovascular risk factors. The deficiency of coagulation regulatory systems in the occurrence of venous thrombosis is well established; however, their role in arterial thrombosis is controversial. Here, we present an interesting case of a 34-year-old of acute myocardial syndrome without persistent ST segment elevation, which revealed transient protein S deficiency. Management of acute coronary syndrome (ACS) during pregnancy may represent a unique clinical challenge. In this manuscript, we review the clinical presentation, anatomic considerations, and management strategy in our patient presenting with ACS. Objective: this case highlights the importance of multimodality approach to help to obtain a more timely diagnosis of myocardial infarction in pregnancy and the importance collaboration between obstetricians, cardiologists, pediatricians and anesthesiologists to ensure optimal care.

[Inferior myocardial infarction: first Moroccan study of 103 cases]. / Infarctus du myocarde inférieur: première série marocaine, à propos de 103 cas.

Myocardial infarction (MI) is a major cause of cardiovascular mortality. Inferior MI accounts for 30-50% of infarctions but it is associated with a favorable prognosis compared to anterior infarct. This study aimed to study the epidemiological, clinical, electrical, echocardiographic, angiographic features of inferior MI, as well as its complications and its therapeutic approaches. Over a period of 3 years, we admitted 720 patients with STEMI, of whom 103 with inferior STEMI, reflecting a rate of 14.3%. There was a clear male predominance, with an average age of 58 years (men) and 62 years (women). Smoking was the main risk factor for cardiovascular disease (57.28% of patients were smokers). Right ventricular infarction was found in 11.65% of cases. Half of these patients had hemodynamic instability. Third-degree atrioventricular block was diagnosed in 12.6% of patients. Therapeutic approach was based on thrombolysis (7 patients) and coronary angiogram (42 patients). Inferior MI was caused by right coronary lesion in 53% of cases and circumflex artery occlusion in 47% of cases. Right coronary is responsible for right ventricular infarction in 100% of cases. Coronary angioplasty was performed in 18 patients after coronary angiogram. Eleven patients underwent transluminal coronary angioplasty in the right coronary while 2 patients underwent transluminal coronary angioplasty in the circumflex artery. Early mortality at 30 days was 1.94%. In the right ventricular infarction group mortality rate was about 17%.

[Perforated posterior mitral valve aneurysm: a rare complication of infective endocarditis: a case report]. / Perforation d'anévrysme de la valve mitrale postérieure: complication rare de l'endocardite infectieuse: à propos d'un cas.

Mitral valve aneurysm is a rare abnormality whose pathophysiology is poorly understood. It is defined as a bulge of the mitral valve leaflet toward the left atrium. Aneurysm in the posterior leaflet is exceptional. We report the case of a 26-year old man, who had been followed up for rheumatic aortic regurgitation for 4-years, hospitalized for febrile syndrome associated with episodes of left heart failure. Transthoracic echocardiographic examination (TTE) and transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) showed aortic valve vegetations with wide aneurysm of the small mitral valve associated with severe mitral valve regurgitation. The patient underwent mitral and aortic valve replacement with simple postoperative outcome. Clinical suspicion associated with suitable preoperative imaging and early surgical treatment are essential to recognize and treat this rare complication of infectious endocard.