RESUMO
Heavy metal ions pose significant risks to human health, pelagic, and several other life forms due to perniciousness, tendency to accumulate, and resistance to biodegradation. Waste bio-materials extend a budding alternative as low-cost adsorbent to address the removal of noxious pollutants from wastewater on account of being cost-effective and exhibiting exceptional adsorption capacities. The current exploration was accomplished to gauge the performance of raw and modified human hair concerning lead scavenging in a down-flow fixed bed column. The appraisal of column performance under varying operational parameters encompassing bed height (15-45 cm), influent metal ion concentration (60-140 mg L-1), and a solution flow rate (20-40 mL min-1) was performed by breakthrough curve analysis. The consequences acquired were evaluated using the Yoon Nelson, Thomas, Adam-Bohart, and Bed Depth Service Time (BDST) model. Among these employed models, Bed Depth Service Time (BDST) and Thomas models exhibited the highest R-squared value compared to the Yoon Nelson and Adam-Bohart's model for most cases. In addition, the optimization of lead adsorption was followed using the Box-Behnken design of response surface methodology (RSM). The optimal conditions (desirability-1.00) for achieving a goal of maximum percent removal of lead ions were marked to be a bed height of 42.79 cm, solution flow rate of 20.92 mL min-1, and an initial metal concentration of 139.51 mg L-1. Under these optimized conditions, the percent amputation of lead in a fixed bed was observed to be 82.31 %, while the results of the experiment performed approximately under these optimized conditions revealed a percent removal of 85.05 %, reflecting a reasonable conformity with values acquired through Box-Behnken design.
RESUMO
BACKGROUND: Salmonella typhi cause typhoid fever which is life threatening disease. It affects approximately 600,000 people per annum around the world. Food and water are the integral components through which this disease is transmitted and becomes base of typhoid. It spreads widely where cleanliness is very poor. Objective was to analyse three-dimensional structure of transcriptional regulator of Salmonella typhi CT18 by homology modelling to inhibit virulent effect of Salmonella typhi. METHODS: Bioinformatics tools and programs like comprehensive Microbial resource (CMR). Interproscan, Basic Local Alignment Search tool (BLAST), Modeller 9.10, Procheck and Prosa were used as bioinformatic tools for effective study of protein. RESULTS: Homology modelling is an appropriate and precise method to find three-dimensional transcriptional regulator to stop its virulency. CONCLUSIONS: Homology modelling is computational and accurate method to find 3D structure of transcriptional regulator to inhibit its virulence effect of causing disease.