Children's responding to live interadult conflict: the role of form of anger expression.

Children's responses to interadult arguments were examined as a function of three forms of disputes: covert, verbal, and physical. Four- to seven-year-olds' overt-behavioral responses to live enactments of arguments between a male and a female were videotaped and coded for behavioral distress and anger/aggression, and children were then interviewed. Although children exhibited overt-behavioral distress in response to all forms of disputes, physical arguments evoked the highest levels of distress. Some gender differences in responding were observed. In comparison to boys, girls exhibited more overt distress during the arguments, and wanted to stop physical arguments more frequently. The results extend findings based on the videotape methodology of the presentation of interadult arguments indicating that form of anger expression impacts children's emotional responding to interadult conflict.

Initial selection of oral contraceptives.

A prospective, randomized trial compared client experiences with three popular oral contraceptives--Triphasil, Ortho-Novum 7/7/7 and Ortho-Novum 1/35. After one year, no significant relationship was found between the contraceptive prescribed and either breakthrough bleeding or satisfaction with the medication. The monophasic formulation, Ortho-Novum 1/35, was associated with amenorrhea more often.

PIP: Differences in breakthrough bleeding, amenorrhea, and patient compliance among users of monophasic (Ortho-Novum 1/35) and triphasic (Triphasil and Ortho-Novum 7/7/7) oral contraceptives (OCs) were investigated in a prospective study at a Michigan family planning clinic. 377 (79%) of the women originally enrolled in the study completed the 1-year study period. There was no association between failure to return to the clinic at the required intervals and type of OC prescribed. The percentage of women experiencing breakthrough bleeding in their 1st year of use was 18.4% among Ortho-Novum 7/7/7 users, 17.8% among Ortho-Novum 1/35 users, and 11.2% among Triphasil users; the percentages of women reporting amenorrhea were 3.0%, 12.8%, and 0.0%, respectively. The degree of patient satisfaction was 82.8% for Ortho-Novum 7/7/7, 90.7% for Ortho-Novum 1/35, and 85.2% for Triphasil. No significant correlations were detected between age, weight, or height and the 3 variables under investigation. These findings indicate that Ortho-Novum 1/35, the monophasic formulation, is more frequently associated with amenorrhea than the triphasic OCs and that Triphasil seems to be most efficient in terms of establishing regular, dependable menstrual periods. However, neither breakthrough bleeding nor patient satisfaction were related to the brand of OC prescribed.