Prospects and Challenges of MXenes as Emerging Sensing Materials for Flexible and Wearable Breath-Based Biomarker Diagnosis.

A fully integrated, flexible, and functional sensing device for exhaled breath analysis drastically transforms conventional medical diagnosis to non-invasive, low-cost, real-time, and personalized health care. 2D materials based on MXenes offer multiple advantages for accurately detecting various breath biomarkers compared to conventional semiconducting oxides. High surface sensitivity, large surface-to-weight ratio, room temperature detection, and easy-to-assemble structures are vital parameters for such sensing devices in which MXenes have demonstrated all these properties both experimentally and theoretically. So far, MXenes-based flexible sensor is successfully fabricated at a lab-scale and is predicted to be translated into clinical practice within the next few years. This review presents a potential application of MXenes as emerging materials for flexible and wearable sensor devices. The biomarkers from exhaled breath are described first, with emphasis on metabolic processes and diseases indicated by abnormal biomarkers. Then, biomarkers sensing performances provided by MXenes families and the enhancement strategies are discussed. The method of fabrications toward MXenes integration into various flexible substrates is summarized. Finally, the fundamental challenges and prospects, including portable integration with Internet-of-Thing (IoT) and Artificial Intelligence (AI), are addressed to realize marketization.

Data of XPS in incorporating the platinum complexes dopant on the surface of Ag3PO4 photocatalyst.

These data inform about the XPS profile of Ag4d, P2p, and O1s from the samples of Ag3PO4, defect-Ag3PO4, Ag3PO4/PtCl6 2- and defect-Ag3PO4/PtCl6 2- which were denoted as AP, DAP, AP/Pt, and DAP/Pt, respectively. These samples were made by co-precipitation method using the starting material of silver nitrate (AgNO3), disodium hydrogen phosphate dodecahydrate (Na2HPO4.12H2O), and hexachloroplatinic acid hexahydrate (H2PtCl6.6H2O) for platinum complexes dopant. The water solution and mixed water-ethanol solution for dissolving the AgNO3 were used for free-defect and defect samples, respectively. The Ag4d, P2p, and O1s of these samples were investigated using the XPS. The deconvolutions of O1s peak were analyzed using the software of XPSPEAK Version 4.1. The modification of Ag3PO4 by defect and platinum complexes dopant had changed the curve profile of Ag4d, P2p and O1s. Two types of oxygen of O-1 and O-2 were observed in O1s spectrum. The ratios of O-2/O-1 with the value of 0.25, 0.32, 0.49 and 0.51 were found in the sample of AP, DAP, AP/Pt, and DAP/Pt, respectively. These data are related to the research article "The surface modification of Ag3PO4 using anionic platinum complexes for enhanced visible-light photocatalytic activity" [1].

Supercritical temperature synthesis of fluorine-doped VO2(M) nanoparticle with improved thermochromic property.

Fluorine-doped VO2(M) nanoparticles have been successfully synthesized using the hydrothermal method at a supercritical temperature of 490 °C. The pristine VO2(M) has the critical phase transformation temperature of 64 °C. The morphology and homogeneity of the monoclinic structure VO2(M) were adopted by the fluorine-doped system. The obtained particle size of the samples is smaller at the higher concentration of anion doping. The best reduction of critical temperature was achieved by fluorine doping of 0.13% up to 48 °C. The thin films of the fluorine-doped VO2(M) showed pronounced thermochromic property and therefore are suitable for smart window applications.