Cross-linked cellulose beads as an eco-friendly support for ZnO/SnO2/carbon xerogel hybrid photocatalyst: Exploring the synergy between adsorption and photocatalysis under simulated sunlight.

This paper explores the application of cross-linked cellulose beads as a sustainable and cost-effective support for the ZnO/SnO2/carbon xerogel hybrid photocatalyst. The application of the developed photocatalytic beads, named CB-Cat, was directed at a simultaneous adsorption/photocatalysis process, which was carried out under simulated sunlight. The characterization of the CB-Cat indicated a good dispersion of the photocatalyst of choice throughout the cellulose matrix, confirming its incorporation into the cellulose beads. Furthermore, it is possible to observe the presence of the photocatalyst on the surface of the CB-Cat, confirming its availability for the photonic activation process. The results showed that the simultaneous adsorption/photocatalysis process was optimal for enhancing the efficiency of methylene blue (MB) removal, especially when compared to the isolated adsorption process. Additionally, the regeneration of the CB-Cat between cycles was favorable toward the maintenance of the MB removal efficiency, as the process carried out without regeneration displayed significant efficiency drops between cycles. Finally, the mechanism evaluation evidenced that hydroxyl and superoxide radicals were the main responsible for the MB photocatalytic degradation during illumination with simulated sunlight.

Solar-based photocatalytic ozonation employing novel S-scheme ZnO/Cu2O/CuO/carbon xerogel photocatalyst: effect of pH, salinity, turbidity, and temperature on salicylic acid degradation.

This paper proposes the study of a solar-based photocatalytic ozonation process for the degradation of salicylic acid (SA) using a novel S-scheme ZnO/Cu2O/CuO/carbon xerogel photocatalyst. The incorporation of CuO and Cu2O aims to enhance charge mobility through the formation of p-n heterojunctions with ZnO, whereas the carbon xerogel (XC) was selected due to its eco-friendly nature, capacity to stabilize S-scheme heterojunctions as a solid-state electron mediator, and ability to function as a reducing agent under high temperatures. The characterization of the composites demonstrates that the presence of the XC during the calcination step led to the reduction of a fraction of the CuO into Cu2O, forming a ternary semiconductor heterojunction system. In terms of photocatalysis, the XC/ZnO-CuxO 5% composite achieved the best efficiency for salicylic acid degradation, mainly due to the stabilization of the S-scheme charge transfer pathway between the ZnO/CuO/Cu2O semiconductors by the XC. The total organic carbon (TOC) removal during heterogeneous photocatalysis was 80% for the solar-based process and 68% for the visible light process, after 300 min. The solar-based photocatalytic ozonation process was highly successful regarding the degradation of SA, achieving a 75% increase in the apparent reaction rate constant when compared to heterogeneous photocatalysis. Furthermore, a 78% TOC removal was achieved after 150 min, which is half the time required by the heterogeneous photocatalysis to obtain the same result. Temperature, salinity, and turbidity had major effects on the efficiency of the photocatalytic ozonation process; the system's pH did not cause any major performance variation, which holds relevance for industrial applications.

Black-wattle tannin/kraft lignin H3PO4-activated carbon xerogels as excellent and sustainable adsorbents.

This work proposed new black-wattle tannin/kraft lignin H3PO4-activated carbon xerogels as sustainable and efficient adsorbents. The precursors were chosen based on their eco-friendly and cost-effective nature, aiming to achieve adsorbents with high adsorption capacities. Carbon xerogels were synthesized through polycondensation with formaldehyde and alkaline catalyst in a simple one-pot procedure. Activation was performed using H3PO4 in a tubular furnace (500 °C), under a nitrogen atmosphere. Results show that the inclusion of the kraft lignin led to changes in the morphology of the materials, facilitating the development of their porous structure and increasing specific surface area and pore volume. The best adsorbent (XLT 50 %) was synthesized using a 1:1 tannin/kraft lignin mass ratio. This material presented an adsorption capacity of nearly 1150 mg g-1 of methylene blue (pH = 5 and T = 298 K), which was linked to its high specific surface area of 1348 m2 g-1. The adsorption process followed the pseudo-second-order kinetic model, whereas the adsorption isotherms were best fitted by the Sips model. The XLT 50 % presented good reusability properties, maintaining its adsorption capacity for 3 cycles. Finally, the XLT 50 % presented good adsorptive properties toward other pollutants (methyl orange, 4-chlorophenol, and hexavalent chromium), indicating its versatility for adsorption processes.

Kraft lignin-based carbon xerogel/zinc oxide composite for 4-chlorophenol solar-light photocatalytic degradation: effect of pH, salinity, and simultaneous Cr(VI) reduction.

Considering the ever-increasing need for efficient wastewater treatment, this study focused on the development of new kraft lignin-based carbon xerogel/zinc oxide (XCL/ZnO w) photocatalysts. The inclusion of the carbon xerogel is expected to cause an improvement in charge transfer throughout the photoactivation process, consequently enhancing its overall photocatalytic efficiency. Characterization shows that the materials developed are composed of both zinc oxide and carbon xerogel. The addition of the lignin-based carbon xerogel caused a significant morphological modification to the composite materials, resulting in a greater specific surface area. Regarding the photocatalytic efficiency, the optimized composite (XCL/ZnO 1.0) displayed superior efficiency to the pure zinc oxide, especially when calcined at 700 °C, with an increase of 20% in the overall photodegradation capacity for the 4-chlorophenol (4CP) molecule. The XCL/ZnO 1.0 also displayed better performance than its tannin counterpart, previously reported in the literature, obtaining a 60% increase in the apparent reaction rate constant. The XCL/ZnO 1.0 also displayed better performance for the simultaneous hexavalent chrome (Cr (VI)) reduction/4CP oxidation reaction. Salinity and system pH had a significant influence on the efficiency of the 4CP photodegradation, as higher values of salinity and lower pHs caused a decrease in the overall efficiency of the process. At last, chronoamperometry and open-circuit potential tests confirmed the superiority of the XCL/ZnO 1.0 over the pure ZnO, highlighting the beneficial impact of the carbon xerogel on the charge transport dynamics of the composite.

Acolhimento e desafios no retorno ao trabalho, após a licença-maternidade em uma instituição de ensino / Acogimiento y desafíos en el retorno al trabajo, luego de la licencia maternidad en una institución de enseñanza / Reception and challenges in returning to work, after maternity leave in an educational institution

Objetivo: analisar os sentimentos e dificuldades de mães no retorno da licença-maternidade e a percepção do acolhimento institucional. Método: estudo quali-quantitativo com 40 mães trabalhadoras de uma instituição de ensino pública de ensino médio, técnico e superior que retornaram ao trabalho após o período de licença. Foi aplicado um questionário on-line, com análise quantitativa descritiva e qualitativa de conteúdo. Resultados: das participantes, 42,5% relataram sentimentos difíceis (tristeza, depressão e desamparo), 50% dificuldade nas rotinas, 17,5% problemas para amamentar pela distância e 35% pontos positivos quanto à amamentação exclusiva no trabalho remoto. Cinco categorias foram encontradas: sentimentos no retorno ao trabalho; dificuldades do retorno e amamentação; pandemia e trabalho remoto; fragilidades percebidas e sugestões de melhorias; reflexões quanto à sua saúde mental. Conclusão: os sentimentos negativos e as dificuldades prevaleceram na percepção das mães, demandando atenção institucional para acolhimento no retorno da licença-maternidade.

Objective: To analyze the feelings and difficulties of mothers in returning from maternity leave and the perception of institutional care. Method: A qualitative-quantitative study with 40 working mothers from a public high school, technical and higher education institution who returned to work after the period of leave. An online questionnaire, with descriptive quantitative and qualitative content analysis, was applied. Results: From the participants, 42.5% reported difficult feelings (sadness, depression and helplessness), 50% difficulty in routines, 17.5% problems with breastfeeding at a distance and 35% positive points regarding exclusive breastfeeding in remote work. Five categories were found: feelings on returning to work; difficulties in returning and breastfeeding; pandemic and remote work; perceived weaknesses and suggestions for improvement; reflections on your mental health. Conclusion: Negative feelings and difficulties prevailed in the mothers' perception, demanding institutional attention for reception when returning from maternity leave.

Objetivo: analizar los sentimientos y dificultades de las madres en el retorno de la licencia maternidad y la percepción de la acogida institucional. Método: estudio cuali-cuantitativo con 40 mujeres trabajadoras de una institución de enseñanza pública de nivel medio, técnico y superior que volvieron al trabajo después del período de licencia. Se aplicó un cuestionario en línea, con un análisis de contenido descriptivo cuantitativo y cualitativo. Resultados: de los participantes, el 42,5% relatan sentimientos difíciles (tristeza, depresión y desamparo), el 50% dificultad en las rutinas, el 17,5% problemas para amamantar por la distancia y el 35% puntos positivos en cuanto al amamantamiento exclusivo en el trabajo remoto. Se encontraron cinco categorías: sentimientos en el retorno al trabajo; dificultades del retorno y amamantamiento; pandemia y trabajo remoto; fragilidades percibidas y sugerencias de mejora; reflexiones sobre su salud mental. Conclusión: los sentimientos negativos y las dificultades prevalecieron en la percepción de las madres, exigiendo la atención institucional para el acogimiento en el retorno de la licencia maternidad.

Evaluation of ZnO/Carbon Xerogel Composite as a Photocatalyst for Solar and Visible Light Degradation of the Rhodamine B Dye.

This study is focused on the evaluation of the Rhodamine B photodegradation using ZnO/carbon xerogel composite as a photocatalyst, in order to enhance the photocatalytic process efficiency under visible light. The proposed synthesis employs tannin as a precursor for the carbon xerogel, which enhances the economic and environmental aspect of the composite. The synthesized materials have the hexagonal structure of the zinc oxide (wurtzite), which is homogeneously distributed on the carbonaceous matrix. The diffuse reflectance test shows that light absorption was significantly enhanced for the composite. The solar light-driven photodegradation results revealed that the synthesized composite achieved virtually complete degradation of the dye present in the solution in less than 3 h, in all concentrations tested. The results of visible light driven photocatalysis showed that the carbonaceous material presents better photoactivity than the pure oxide (70% and 40% degradation of Rhodamine B, respectively), due to the synergistic effect between the carbon xerogel and zinc oxide on the properties of the composite. The photocatalytic mechanism main active species are the photogenerated vacancies and superoxide radicals.

Remote education: parents' challenges in teaching during the pandemic / Educação remota: desafios de pais ensinantes na pandemia

Abstract Objectives: to characterize the teaching-learning process of children in early childhood taught by their parents and/or caregivers in remote educational mode, in different social contexts, during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: a bibliographic study was carried out through a qualitative research in three VHL, Lilacs and Scielo databases. The descriptors Children, Pandemic, Caregivers, Distance education and Mental health were used. The sample was composed of 35 materials. Results: it was observed that countries presented problems in its educational system and that their situation also aggravated, such as in Brazil. Schools should try to mitigate the impact of the confinement, based on the recommendations that aim to consolidate what has been learned and interrupt the teaching of new content, eliminating the pressure on parents and guardians who assist students at this time. It is known that there is a lack of preparation of these caregivers, since the vast majority do not have materials or available time, because of home office, making remote learning difficult. The psychological impacts of remote learning - stress, fear, decreased performance and frustration are noticeable in everyone who is involved. Thus, the coping strategy focused on the problem can prevent the worsening of symptoms in mental health. Conclusion: it is expected to promote future reflections according to the theme through Psychology.

Resumo Objetivos: caracterizar o processo de ensino-aprendizagem das crianças na primeira infância ensinadas por seus pais e/ou cuidadores em educação em modo remoto, em diferentes contextos sociais, durante a pandemia de COVID-19. Métodos: realizou-se um estudo de cunho bibliográfico mediante uma pesquisa qualitativa em três bases de dados BVS, Lilacs e Scielo. Utilizaram-se os descritores Crianças, Pandemia, Cuidadores, Educação a distância e Saúde mental. A amostra utilizada foi composta por 35materiais. Resultados: observou-se que países que apresentavam problemas no sistema educacional tiveram sua situação agravada, tal como o Brasil. A escola deve tentar amenizar o impacto do confinamento, a partir de recomendações que visam consolidar o que foi aprendido e interromper o ensino de novos conteúdos, eliminando a pressão aos pais e responsáveis que auxiliam os estudantes nesse momento. Sabe-se que há carência no preparo desses cuidadores, pois grande maioria não possui condições materiais e nem tempo disponível, por causa do home office, dificultando o ensino remoto. Os impactos psicológicos desse ensino remoto - estresse, medo, diminuição de rendimento e frustração são perceptíveis, em todos os envolvidos. Destarte, a estratégia de enfrentamento com foco no problema pode evitar o agravamento de sintomas em saúde mental. Conclusão: espera-se promover futuras reflexões sobre a temática por parte da Psicologia.

Long-term safety and efficacy of the PI3K inhibitor copanlisib in patients with relapsed or refractory indolent lymphoma: 2-year follow-up of the CHRONOS-1 study.

Safety profiles of oral PI3K inhibitors have resulted in US FDA black box warnings regarding fatal/serious toxicities. The approved intravenous PI3K inhibitor copanlisib has low incidence of severe toxicities and no black box warnings, but chronic treatment effects were unknown. We provide an update on safety and efficacy of copanlisib with a minimum 2-year follow-up of the CHRONOS-1 study. A total of 142 patients with histologically confirmed indolent B-cell lymphoma who had relapsed after or were refractory to ≥2 prior treatments received intravenous copanlisib 60 mg on days 1, 8, and 15 (28-day cycle). The primary efficacy endpoint was objective response rate (ORR) after ≥4 cycles (independent assessment). The predominant histology was follicular lymphoma (n = 104). The ORR was 60.6% (seven additional complete responses since primary analysis). Secondary endpoints of median duration of response, progression-free survival, and overall survival were 14.1 months (median follow-up, 16.1 months), 12.5 months (median follow-up, 14.0 months), and 42.6 months (median follow-up, 31.5 months), respectively. Median safety follow-up was 6.7 months; 26% of patients received treatment for >1 year. Common treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs) (all grade/grade 3/grade 4) were transient hyperglycemia (50.0%/33.1%/7.0%), diarrhea (35.2%/8.5%/0%), transient hypertension (29.6%/23.9%/0%), and neutropenia (28.9%/9.2%/14.8%). Serious AEs were largely unchanged, with no new cases of pneumonitis (4.2%), diarrhea (2.8%), or grade 5 events. Note, TEAEs showed no evidence for increased incidence or worsening following longer exposure in patients treated >1 year. Long-term follow-up of patients with relapsed/refractory indolent B-cell lymphoma treated with intravenous copanlisib demonstrated durable, enhanced responses without evidence of worsening TEAEs, as reported for orally administered PI3K inhibitors.

Acute consumption of Black walnuts increases fullness and decreases lipid peroxidation in humans.

Walnuts are a nutrient dense food, but most health research is on English walnuts (EW). Black walnuts (BW) contain a different antioxidant and fatty acid profile, and more protein, compared to EW. The purpose of the study was to compare postprandial responses following the consumption of 3 breakfast meals containing either butter (control), BW, or EW. We hypothesized that walnut-containing meals would mitigate post-meal increases in glucose, insulin, triglycerides, and lipid peroxidation while increasing TAC compared to the traditional meal without nuts. Furthermore, we hypothesized that the BW meal would exhibit greater TAC and subjective fullness while mitigating postprandial increases in lipid peroxidation better than the EW. This was a randomized, double-blind control crossover study in 30 healthy adults with three testing visits. At each visit, subjects consumed either the control, BW, or EW meal. Blood draws and visual analog scale appetite ratings were obtained at fasting, 30, 60, 120, and 180 min postprandially. The BW and EW meals resulted in greater suppression of appetite vs. control (P < .01 and P = .03, respectively), and the BW meal also increased fullness more than EW and control (P < .01 and P < .001, respectively). Finally, the BW meal also had a greater suppression of lipid peroxidation vs. control (P = .01). There were no other treatment differences in the other measures of appetite or for glycemia, triglycerides, or total antioxidant capacity. Substituting butter in a breakfast meal with BW or EW increased fullness; however, the BW meal was superior for suppressing overall appetite while also lowering postprandial lipid peroxidation.

Adsorption of phosphate from aqueous solution by hydrous zirconium oxide.

Synthetic ZrO2 x nH2O was used for phosphate removal from aqueous solution. The optimum adsorbent dose obtained for phosphate adsorption on to hydrous zirconium oxide was 0.1 g. The kinetic process was described very well by a pseudo-second-order rate model. The phosphate adsorption tended to increase with the decrease in pH. The adsorption capacity increased from 61 to 66 mg g(-1) when the temperature was increased from 298 to 338 K. A phosphate desorption of approximately 74% was obtained using water at pH 12.

Adsorption of Cr(VI) from aqueous solution by hydrous zirconium oxide.

A type of ZrO(2).nH(2)O was synthesized and its Cr(VI) removal potential was investigated in this study. The kinetic study, adsorption isotherm, pH effect, thermodynamic study and desorption were examined in batch experiments. The kinetic process was described by a pseudo-second-order rate model very well. The Cr(VI) adsorption tended to increase with a decrease of pH. The adsorption data fitted well to the Langmuir model. The adsorption capacity increased from 61 to 66 mg g(-1) when the temperature was increased from 298 to 338 K. The positive values of both Delta H degrees and DeltaS degrees suggest an endothermic reaction and increase in randomness at the solid-liquid interface during the adsorption. Delta G degrees values obtained were negative indicating a spontaneous adsorption process. The effective desorption of Cr(VI) on ZrO(2).nH(2)O could be achieved using distilled water at pH 12.

Trombocitose como apresentação de leucemia mielóide crônica / Thrombocytosis as a presentation of chronic myeloid leukemia

A trombocitose pode ser definida como a presença do número de plaquetas acima de 500.000/mm3. Tem-se como principal causa a trombocitose reacional, geralmente secundária à processos inflamatórios e/ou infecciosos. Quando se trata de etiologia primária, é importante a diferenciação entre os vários processos clonais, dentre os quais se destacam a trombocitemia essencial, a policitemia vera e a leucemia mielóide crônica. A investigação diagnóstica tende a ser um desafio, já que cada patologia apresenta características proeminentes que, ao mesmo tempo, podem estar presentes nos outros distúrbios mieloproliferativos ou mielodisplásicos. Descreve-se um caso de paciente com trombocitose extrema, assintomática, com características aparentes de trombocitose essencial que após investigação demonstrou ser a apresentação de um quadro de leucemia mielóide crônica (AU)

Trombocitose como apresentação de leucemia mielóide crônica

A trombocitose pode ser definida como a presença do número de plaquetas acima de 500.000/mm3. Tem-se como principal causa a trombocitose reacional, geralmente secundária à processos inflamatórios e/ou infecciosos. Quando se trata de etiologia primária, é importante a diferenciação entre os vários processos clonais, dentre os quais se destacam a trombocitemia essencial, a policitemia vera e a leucemia mielóide crônica. A investigação diagnóstica tende a ser um desafio, já que cada patologia apresenta características proeminentes que, ao mesmo tempo, podem estar presentes nos outros distúrbios mieloproliferativos ou mielodisplásicos. Descreve-se um caso de paciente com trombocitose extrema, assintomática, com características aparentes de trombocitose essencial que após investigação demonstrou ser a apresentação de um quadro de leucemia mielóide crônica