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1.
Account Res ; 30(1): 21-33, 2023 01.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34314277

RESUMO

Since 1 January 2020, the Central Research Ethics Committee of the Health Ministry implemented PRIISA.BA, an in-house developed electronic system for online submission of health research applications to the 63 public and private research ethics committees (RECs) of Buenos Aires City, Argentina. This study though to compare the times to first review and the time to approval among applications submitted prior to PRIISA.BA and thereafter, across public RECs. All public RECs of the city were invited to participate. Overall, 453 applications from 10 RECs (242 pre- and 211 post-PRIISA.BA) were available for the analyses. There was a decrease in the time to first review and an increase in the time to approval after PRIISA.BA implementation. The increase in time to approval was transient and limited to the first three months. The results were consistent with analyses limited to non-COVID applications. Our results show an increase in the times to approval after the implementation of an electronic system for online submission of health research applications that, although transient, was significant. These data could be relevant to other RECs implementing this technology since it emphasizes the need of monitoring potential unnecessary delays in reviews during the critical initial period.


Assuntos
Pesquisa Biomédica , Comitês de Ética em Pesquisa , Arquivamento , Humanos , Arquivamento/métodos
2.
Arch. argent. pediatr ; 114(4): 298-304, ago. 2016. tab
Artigo em Inglês, Espanhol | LILACS, BINACIS | ID: biblio-838237

RESUMO

Introducción. La posibilidad de sostener artificialmente las funciones vitales hace más difícil diferenciar al paciente en agonía terminal del paciente con posibilidades de supervivencia, lo que pone al grupo que lo rodea frente a un dilema. Por un lado, se presenta la continuación de soporte que solo prolongue un proceso irreversible, que causa daños físicos, psíquicos y a su dignidad. Por otro, la abstención o retiro de soporte vital sin la reflexión y el esfuerzo diagnóstico-terapéutico apropiado puede dejar sin esperanza y llevar a la muerte a un niño potencialmente recuperable. Además, la toma de decisiones, en estas circunstancias, enfrenta diversas barreras que dificultan lograr el mejor interés del paciente. Entre ellas, los temores legales son un factor importante. ¿En qué medida esos temores están justificados? Objetivo. Explorar la opinión del Poder Judicial de la Nación respecto al enfoque que, desde el derecho, se da a situaciones de limitación de soporte vital. Población y métodos. Profesionales activos del ámbito penal, civil y médico forense. Encuesta semiestructurada sobre tres casos hipotéticos con decisiones sobre la limitación del soporte vital. Resultados. Se repartieron 185 encuestas; se contestaron 68 (36,76%) y 51 (30,3%) fueron respondidas en forma completa. No tipificaron ningún delito en ninguno de los tres casos 28 (55%) encuestados. Trece (25%) interpretaron como delitos las decisiones de los tres casos; 6 (12%), alguno de los casos; y 4 (8%), 2 de los 3 casos. Los delitos seleccionados por los encuestados incluyeron homicidio doloso, homicidio culposo y abandono de persona. Conclusiones. El 45% de los encuestados consideraron que hubo alguna forma de delito en las decisiones tomadas.


Introduction. The possibility of sustaining life functions makes it difficult to distinguish between a dying patient and a patient with chances of survival, raising a dilemma for everyone around them. On the one side, continuing with life support techniques that would only extend an irreversible process and result in physical and psychological damage and harm their dignity. On the other side, withholding or withdrawing life support without an adequate reflection and diagnostic-therapeutic effort which may lead to the death of a potentially recoverable child. In addition, making decisions in this context implies facing barriers that hinder the possibility of pursuing the patient's best interest. Among such barriers, the fear of litigation plays a major role. To what extent is this fear justified? Objective. To explore the opinions of the members of the National Judiciary regarding the approach to withholding or withdrawing of life support from a legal stance. Population and methods. Professionals working in the criminal, civil and forensic medicine settings. Semistructured survey on three hypothetical case histories that implied making a decision to withhold or withdraw life support. Results. One hundred and eighty-five surveys were distributed; 68 (36.76%) were partially completed and 51 (30.3%), in full. Twenty-eight (55%) survey respondents did not criminalize any of the three cases presented. Thirteen (25%) respondents considered that the decisions made in the three cases constituted a crime; 6 (12%), only in one case; and 4 (8%), in two out of the three. Crimes described by survey respondents included intentional homicide, wrongful death, and failure to render assistance. Conclusions. Forty-five percent of survey respondents considered that decisions made involved some form of crime.


Assuntos
Humanos , Criança , Pediatria/legislação & jurisprudência , Atitude Frente a Morte , Suspensão de Tratamento/legislação & jurisprudência , Cuidados para Prolongar a Vida/legislação & jurisprudência , Argentina , Estudos Transversais , Pesquisas sobre Atenção à Saúde
3.
Arch Argent Pediatr ; 114(4): 298-304, 2016 Aug 01.
Artigo em Inglês, Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27399006

RESUMO

INTRODUCTION: The possibility of sustaining life functions makes it difficult to distinguish between a dying patient and a patient with chances of survival, raising a dilemma for everyone around them. On the one side, continuing with life support techniques that would only extend an irreversible process and result in physical and psychological damage and harm their dignity. On the other side, withholding or withdrawing life support without an adequate reflection and diagnostic-therapeutic effort which may lead to the death of a potentially recoverable child. In addition, making decisions in this context implies facing barriers that hinder the possibility of pursuing the patient's best interest. Among such barriers, the fear of litigation plays a major role. To what extent is this fear justified? OBJECTIVE: To explore the opinions of the members of the National Judiciary regarding the approach to withholding or withdrawing of life support from a legal stance. POPULATION AND METHODS: Professionals working in the criminal, civil and forensic medicine settings. Semistructured survey on three hypothetical case histories that implied making a decision to withhold or withdraw life support. RESULTS: One hundred and eighty-five surveys were distributed; 68 (36.76%) were partially completed and 51 (30.3%), in full. Twenty-eight (55%) survey respondents did not criminalize any of the three cases presented. Thirteen (25%) respondents considered that the decisions made in the three cases constituted a crime; 6 (12%), only in one case; and 4 (8%), in two out of the three. Crimes described by survey respondents included intentional homicide, wrongful death, and failure to render assistance. CONCLUSIONS: Forty-five percent of survey respondents considered that decisions made involved some form of crime.


INTRODUCCIÓN: La posibilidad de sostener artificialmente las funciones vitales hace más difícil diferenciar al paciente en agonía terminal del paciente con posibilidades de supervivencia, lo que pone al grupo que lo rodea frente a un dilema. Por un lado, se presenta la continuación de soporte que solo prolongue un proceso irreversible, que causa daños físicos, psíquicos y a su dignidad. Por otro, la abstención o retiro de soporte vital sin la reflexión y el esfuerzo diagnóstico-terapéutico apropiado puede dejar sin esperanza y llevar a la muerte a un niño potencialmente recuperable. Además, la toma de decisiones, en estas circunstancias, enfrenta diversas barreras que dificultan lograr el mejor interés del paciente. Entre ellas, los temores legales son un factor importante. ¿En qué medida esos temores están justificados? OBJETIVO: Explorar la opinión del Poder Judicial de la Nación respecto al enfoque que, desde el derecho, se da a situaciones de limitación de soporte vital. POBLACIÓN Y MÉTODOS: Profesionales activos del ámbito penal, civil y médico forense. Encuesta semiestructurada sobre tres casos hipotéticos con decisiones sobre la limitación del soporte vital. RESULTADOS: Se repartieron 185 encuestas; se contestaron 68 (36,76%) y 51 (30,3%) fueron respondidas en forma completa. No tipificaron ningún delito en ninguno de los tres casos 28 (55%) encuestados. Trece (25%) interpretaron como delitos las decisiones de los tres casos; 6 (12%), alguno de los casos; y 4 (8%), 2 de los 3 casos. Los delitos seleccionados por los encuestados incluyeron homicidio doloso, homicidio culposo y abandono de persona. CONCLUSIONES: El 45% de los encuestados consideraron que hubo alguna forma de delito en las decisiones tomadas.


Assuntos
Atitude Frente a Morte , Cuidados para Prolongar a Vida/legislação & jurisprudência , Pediatria/legislação & jurisprudência , Suspensão de Tratamento/legislação & jurisprudência , Argentina , Criança , Estudos Transversais , Pesquisas sobre Atenção à Saúde , Humanos
4.
Rev. Redbioética/UNESCO ; 3(5): 43-54, 2012.
Artigo em Espanhol | Bioeticacol | ID: bic-2935

RESUMO

La integridad de los científicos a la hora de producir conocimiento es una de las áreas más estudiadas actualmente desde la ética en investigación. La sociedad confía en sus científicos y estos deben responder a esa expectativa con sus actos. Proponemos en este artículo presentar la temática de la Conducta Responsable en Investigación (CRI). Hay determinadas áreas sensibles en el proceso de investigación, que son las más difundidas a la hora de incurrir en conductas irresponsables. Estas áreas son definidas internacionalmente como: conflicto de intereses, asignación de crédito/ prácticas de autoría, falsificación y fabricación de datos y Plagio. En la Argentina, en los años 80 un caso de conducta irresponsable en investigación sacudió a la opinión pública, el caso Crotoxina. Utilizaremos el caso para ejemplificar la CRI y diferenciar faltas éticas e ilícitos en términos jurídicos.(AU)


Scientists integrity when producing knowledge is currently one of the most studied areas in ethical research. Society trusts in its Scientists and these must respond to this expectation with their acts. We propose in this article to present the subject of Responsible Conduct in Research. There are some sensible areas in the process of research, which are the most widespread when committing research misconduct. These areas are defined as: Conflict of interest, Authorship/ Authorship practice, data falsification and fabrication, and plagiarism. In Argentina, in the 80´s, a case of research misconduct shook public opinion: the Crotoxina case. We will use the case to Illustrate the RCR and to distinguish ethic faults and illicit in legal terms.(AU)


Assuntos
Pesquisa Biomédica , Ética em Pesquisa , Autoria , Plágio , Má Conduta Científica , Argentina
5.
Rev. Redbioética/UNESCO ; 2(4): 61-73, 2011.
Artigo em Espanhol | Bioeticacol | ID: bic-2927

RESUMO

En la Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires se sancionó la Ley N° 3301 sobre Protección de Derechos de Sujetos en Investigaciones en Salud uniendo las normas internacionales, las particularidades locales, la Constitución de la Ciudad y a la Ley Básica de Salud. El nuevo modelo representa un marco legal que logra equilibrar la protección del sujeto y fomentar la investigación clínica en la Ciudad brindando seguridad jurídica a los actores de la actividad y potenciales patrocinadores. La ley estimula en forma concreta -a través de los fondos ingresantes- estudios relativos a temas de salud pública, aquellos que benefician a poblaciones de baja incidencia o cualquier otro tipo de trabajo que no suela ser financiado por la industria. La Ley fortalece especialmente a los Comités de Etica de investigación y al Comité Central de Ética en Investigación, que tiene entre sus facultades la de acreditar y capacitar. Se realizó un análisis FODA sobre su implementación.(AU)


In Buenos Aires City was enacted the Law Nº 3301 about Protection of Human Subjects in Health Research, bonding international guidelines on ethics, local peculiarities, Buenos Aires City Constitution and the local Basic Health Law. The new model represents a legal framework which accomplishes to balance the protection on human subjects and the promotion of clinical research in the City, providing legal security to the participants involved in the activity and potential sponsors. The Law stimulates in concrete terms -through control of the incoming funds- studies related to public health themes, those that benefit low incidence population or any other work that is not usually sponsored by the industry.The Law particularly strengthens the Research Ethics Committes and the Central Research Ethics Committee which has, among others, accreditation and training functions. A SWOT analysis on its implementation is performed.(AU)


Assuntos
Pesquisa Biomédica , Comitês de Ética em Pesquisa , Bioética , Legislação , Protocolos Clínicos , Argentina
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