Physicochemical conditions for ZnO films deposited by microwave chemical bath deposition.

Physicochemical analysis was carried out to obtain the species distribution diagrams (SDDs) for the deposition of ZnO films as a function of OH- ion concentration ([OH-]) in the reaction solution. The study of SDDs predicts nucleation and ZnO film growth by means of the dominant species at a given pH value. To confirm this, a series of experiments were made varying the [OH-] in the reaction solution and keeping the others parameters constant. Structured zinc oxide (ZnO) films were obtained on glass substrates by microwave chemical bath deposition (MWCBD). Structural, optical and morphological ZnO film properties were investigated as a function of [OH-]. X-Ray diffraction technique (XRD) measurements show multiple diffraction peaks, indicating the polycrystalline nature of ZnO films. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) images of ZnO structures showed morphological changes with the variation of [OH-]. The stoichiometry of the structures changed as the [OH-] was varied in solution. From Raman spectra, it was observed that the [OH-] of the reaction mixture strongly affects the crystal quality of ZnO structures. A reaction pathway for the synthesis of ZnO structures based on our results is proposed. Experimental results are consistent with the physical-chemical analysis.

Synthesis and characterization of PbSe nanoparticles obtained by a colloidal route using Extran as a surfactant at low temperature.

Lead selenide nanoparticles (PbSe NPs) have been obtained through an easy and low cost route using colloidal synthesis in aqueous solution. The synthesis was carried out at room temperature using Extran (Na5P3O10, NaOH and H2O) as surfactant. Hydrochloric acid (HCl) was used to eliminate the generated by-products. The size of PbSe NPs was varied by changing the Pb:Se molar concentration. The PbSe NPs were characterized by powder x-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive x-ray analysis (EDAX), high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) and Raman spectroscopy. The XRD measurements showed that the PbSe NPs have the face-centered cubic phase structure. The crystal size was found to be between 14 and 20 nm as calculated from the XRD patterns and these values were corroborated with SEM and TEM. Additionally, HRTEM micrographs showed crystalline planes at (200), (220) and (111) of the PbSe NPs, in agreement with the XRD results.