Precise predictions for same-sign W-boson scattering at the LHC.

Vector-boson scattering processes are of great importance for the current run-II and future runs of the Large Hadron Collider. The presence of triple and quartic gauge couplings in the process gives access to the gauge sector of the Standard Model (SM) and possible new-physics contributions there. To test any new-physics hypothesis, sound knowledge of the SM contributions is necessary, with a precision which at least matches the experimental uncertainties of existing and forthcoming measurements. In this article we present a detailed study of the vector-boson scattering process with two positively-charged leptons and missing transverse momentum in the final state. In particular, we first carry out a systematic comparison of the various approximations that are usually performed for this kind of process against the complete calculation, at LO and NLO QCD accuracy. Such a study is performed both in the usual fiducial region used by experimental collaborations and in a more inclusive phase space, where the differences among the various approximations lead to more sizeable effects. Afterwards, we turn to predictions matched to parton showers, at LO and NLO: we show that on the one hand, the inclusion of NLO QCD corrections leads to more stable predictions, but on the other hand the details of the matching and of the parton-shower programs cause differences which are considerably larger than those observed at fixed order, even in the experimental fiducial region. We conclude with recommendations for experimental studies of vector-boson scattering processes.

Evaluation of the effects of the VibraJect attachment on pain in children receiving local anesthesia.

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of VibraJect, a vibrating attachment for a traditional syringe, in reducing pain related disruptive behavior and self-reported pain in children receiving local anesthesia. METHODS: The procedure involved a randomized, controlled, single-blinded study of 90 children receiving local anesthesia for routine restorative procedures. Participants were randomly assigned to either a control (injection as usual) or experimental (injection using the VibraJect) group. Participants were recruited from a large, urban pediatric dental clinic within a university medical center. RESULTS: Using 2-way analysis of variance and 2-tailed, between-subject t tests, there were no significant differences between injection with and without the VibraJect on any measures of pain, including self-reported intensity, independent direct observations of pain related disruptive behavior, and subjective dentist ratings. CONCLUSIONS: VibraJect did not provide any benefits over a conventional approach to anesthesia injection for children in this study.

Effectiveness of a basic training presentation on infant oral health care for family medicine residents.

PURPOSE: This study's purpose was to evaluate an infant oral health education program to target University of Nebraska Medical Center family medicine residents. METHODS: Participants included 37 family medicine residents. Assessment in the form of a questionnaire was completed immediately before and after a 60-minute educational intervention. The intervention was in the form of a PowerPoint presentation and video of infant oral health for health care providers. The 16 questions (true/false/don't know or multiple choice) questionnaire was based on the information presented in the lecture and video. RESULTS: There was a significant difference between the pretest and post-test scores (P<.001). The mean score on the pretest was 10.03 (+/-1.79 SD), and the mean score on the post-test was 13.08 (+/-1.40). There was a negative correlation between age and score on the pretest as age increased; the score on the pretest went down (P=.03). None of the others showed significant correlations. Thirty-four (92%) reported they were very likely to incorporate this information into their daily practice. CONCLUSIONS: A 1-hour PowerPoint and video educational intervention was effective in teaching family medicine residents basic information on infant oral health.

Effectiveness of a presentation on infant oral health care for parents.

PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to evaluate an infant oral health education programme, using a pre-post test design, for parents attending a paediatric clinic. METHODS: The subjects were parents attending the well baby appointments at 3, 6, and 9 months of age. The study participants were men and women, all with an infant between 3 and 12 months of age. A 16 question assessment in the form of a questionnaire was completed immediately before and after the introduction of a 30 min educational intervention in the form of a PowerPoint presentation and a video of infant oral hygiene for parents. The parents completed the questionnaire twice (pre-post test design) in the same visit. Recruited parents attended only one presentation. The presentation educated parents about infant oral health and provided anticipatory guidance. RESULTS: Forty-seven parents or caretakers participated in the study. On the pre-test 28% had a score of 70% or less, and on the post-test 87% got a score of 88% or better. On the pre-test, 72% had a score of 70% or higher, and on the post-test 87% got a score of 88% or higher. Most parents (80%) reported that the presentation was helpful and indicated that the information would change the way they care for their baby's teeth at home. CONCLUSION: This study demonstrated the effectiveness of a 30 min PowerPoint and Video presentation in improving the oral health knowledge of parents caring for an infant.

Effectiveness of a basic training presentation on infant oral health care for pediatric medicine residents.

OBJECTIVE: We hypothesize that viewing educational presentation with video will provide pediatric medicine residents with instructive information on infant oral health. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate an infant oral health education program targeting University of Nebraska Medical Center (UNMC) pediatric medicine residents. METHODS: Assessment of 32 pediatric medicine residents in the form of a questionnaire was completed immediately before and after a 60 minute educational intervention. The intervention was in the form of a Power Point presentation and video of infant oral health for health care providers. The 16-questions (True/false/don't know or multiple choice) questionnaire was based on the information presented in the lecture and video. RESULTS: There was a significant difference between the pre-test and post-test scores (p-value < 0.001). The mean score on the pre-test was 10.09 out of 16 (63%) and the mean score on the post-test was 13.3 out of 16 (83%). There was no significant correlation between age, gender, or year of residency training with pre or post-test scores. Twenty-five (78.1%) reported themselves "very likely" to use the information. CONCLUSIONS: A one hour Power Point and video educational intervention was effective in teaching pediatric medicine residents basic information on infant oral health.