Nursing outcome "Knowledge: Wound management" for surgical incision wound care: Update, translate, and culturally adapt.

PURPOSE: This study has two objectives: (1) to identify the indicators of the nursing outcome "Knowledge: Wound management (3209)" related to the evaluation of knowledge about the care of surgical wounds; (2) to translate and culturally adapt the nursing outcome "Knowledge: Wound management (3209)" into Brazilian Portuguese and Colombian Spanish. METHODS: This is a methodological study with two steps. Initially, a scoping review was conducted based on the methodology of the Joanna Briggs Institute. Subsequently, the translation and cultural adaptation of the outcome were performed by adapting Beaton's recommendations, which included the label, definition, indicators, and measurement scale. FINDINGS: The review identified 31 indicators to evaluate knowledge about surgical wound care. Of these, 16 are described in the original outcome, and 15 new indicators are proposed to be included in the classification. Following this, the label, definition, indicators, and outcome measurement scale were reviewed, translated, and adapted with appropriate terminology for the cultural contexts of Brazil and Colombia. CONCLUSION: The outcome "Knowledge: Wound management (3209)" for evaluating the knowledge of surgical wounds consists of 31 indicators, all supported by scientific literature. The translated and adapted versions into Brazilian Portuguese and Colombian Spanish were found to be equivalent to the original. It is inferred that the identified indicators and the translated versions of the outcome will provide nursing professionals with an accurate assessment of knowledge about surgical incision wound care in daily practice. IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING PRACTICE: This study reviews the scientific literature on the outcome "Knowledge: Wound management (3209)," facilitating the comprehensive measurement of specific knowledge about the care of surgical wounds in practice, education, or research. Additionally, it makes available the translated and adapted versions of the outcome in Brazilian Portuguese and Colombian Spanish. PROPÓSITO: Este estudio tiene dos objetivos: (1) Identificar los indicadores del resultado de enfermería "Knowledge: Wound Management (3209)" relacionados a la evaluación del conocimiento sobre el cuidado de las heridas quirúrgica; (2) traducir y adaptar culturalmente el resultado de enfermería "Knowledge: Wound Management (3209)" al portugués de Brasil y al español de Colombia. MÉTODOS: Estudio metodológico de dos pasos. Inicialmente, fue realizada una revisión de alcance orientados en la metodología de la Joanna Briggs Institute. Posteriormente, se realizó la traducción y adaptación cultural del resultado adaptando las recomendaciones de Beaton e incluyó la etiqueta, definición, indicadores y escala de medición. HALLAZGOS: En la revisión fueron identificados 31 indicadores para evaluar el conocimiento sobre el cuidado de las heridas quirúrgicas. De los 31 indicadores, 16 son descritos en el resultado y 15 nuevos indicadores propuestos para ser incluidos en la clasificación. A continuación, la etiqueta, definición, indicadores y escala de medición del resultado fueron revisados, traducidas y adaptados con la terminología adecuada para los entornos culturales de Brasil y Colombia. CONCLUSIÓN: El resultado "Knowledge: Wound Management (3209)" para el cuidado de las heridas quirúrgicas está compuesto por 31 indicadores todos sustentados con la literatura científica. Las versiones traducidas y adaptadas al portugués de Brasil y al español de Colombia del resultado fueron equivalentes al original. Se infiere que los indicadores identificados y las versiones traducidas del resultado le proporcionaran al profesional de enfermería una evaluación precisa del conocimiento sobre el cuidado de las heridas quirúrgicas en la práctica diaria. IMPLICACIONES PARA LA PRÁCTICA DE ENFERMERÍA: Este estudio revisa la literatura científica del resultado "Knowledge: Wound Management (3209)" favoreciendo la medición integral del conocimiento específico sobre el cuidado de las heridas quirúrgicas en la práctica, educación o investigación. Además, pone a disposición la versión traducida y adaptada del resultado en portugués de Brasil y en español de Colombia.

Situation-Specific Theory from Autonomic Dysreflexia Nursing Diagnosis Based on Roy's Adaptation Model

Introduction: Autonomic dysreflexia (AD) is a condition developed secondary to a spinal cord injury, which manifests with the loss of coordinated autonomic responses and cardiovascular control. For the care of the person, the nurse has the nursing diagnosis of AD, which allows the precise interpretation of the human responses of each individual. However, it is necessary to strengthen and update the diagnosis to the new disciplinary knowledge that evolved with nursing practice. For this, proposing a situation-specific theory is essential to explain the phenomenon of interest and guide practice. Objective: To construct a situation-specific theory for the nursing diagnosis of AD derived from the adaptation model of Sor Callista Roy. Materials and methods: Theoretical study developed in five stages: defining the approach to construct the theory, defining key concepts, developing a pictorial diagram, building propositions, and establishing causal relationships and evidence for practice. Results: The situation-specific theory included defining key concepts, developing a pictorial diagram, building propositions, and establishing causal relationships and evidence for practice. We described the concepts and their relationships through seven propositions and identified 19 ineffective behaviors and 43 environmental stimuli. Of them, 39 are focal, and four are contextual stimuli. Conclusions: This situation-specific theory offers a substantiated and comprehensive explanation of the human response to AD for supporting nursing care.

Introducción: La direflexia autónoma (DA) es una afección secundaria a una lesión en la médula espinal que se manifiesta en la pérdida de respuestas autónomas coordinadas y de control cardiovascular. Para el cuidado del paciente, las enfermeras cuentan con el diagnóstico de la DA, que permite interpretar adecuadamente las respuestas humanas de cada individuo. Sin embargo, es necesario fortalecer y actualizar el diagnóstico a los nuevos conocimientos disciplinarios que evolucionan con la práctica de la enfermería. Para esto es esencial una teoría de situación específica que explique el fenómeno de interés y guíe la práctica. Objetivo: Construir una teoría de situación específica para el diagnóstico en enfermería de la DA derivada de la adaptación del modelo de Sor Callista Roy. Materiales y métodos: Estudio teórico desarrollado en cinco etapas: definición del enfoque para construir la teoría, definición de los conceptos clave, desarrollo de un diagrama pictórico, construcción de las proposiciones y establecimiento de las relaciones causales y la evidencia para la práctica. Resultados: La teoría de situación específica incluyó la definición del enfoque para construir la teoría, la definición de los conceptos clave, el desarrollo de un diagrama pictórico, la construcción de las proposiciones y el establecimiento de las relaciones causales y la evidencia para la práctica. Se describen los conceptos y sus relaciones por medio de 7 proposiciones y se identificaron 19 comportamientos ineficaces y 43 estímulos ambientales. De ellos, 39 son focales y 4 contextuales. Conclusiones: Esta teoría de situación específica proporciona una explicación informada y completa de la respuesta humana a la DA para apoyar el cuidado en enfermería.

Introdução: a disreflexia autonômica (DA) é uma condição secundária à lesão da medula espinhal que se manifesta na perda de respostas autonômicas coordenadas e no controle cardiovascular. Para o atendimento ao paciente, os profissionais de enfermagem contam com o diagnóstico de DA que permite a interpretação adequada das respostas humanas do indivíduo. No entanto, há necessidade de fortalecer e atualizar o diagnóstico para o novo conhecimento disciplinar que evolui com a prática de enfermagem. Para isso, é essencial uma teoria situacional específica que explique o fenômeno de interesse e oriente a prática. Objetivo: Construir uma teoria situacional específica para o diagnóstico de enfermagem da DA derivada da adaptação do modelo de Sor Callista Roy. Materiais e método: estudo teórico desenvolvido em cinco etapas: definição da abordagem para construir a teoria, definição de conceitos-chave, desenvolvimento de um diagrama pictórico, construção de proposições e estabelecimento de relações causais e evidências para a prática. Resultados: a teoria específica da situação incluiu a definição da abordagem para a construção da teoria, a definição dos principais conceitos, o desenvolvimento de um diagrama pictórico, a construção de proposições e o estabelecimento de relações causais e evidências para a prática. Os conceitos e suas relações são descritos por meio de 7 proposições e foram identificados 19 comportamentos ineficazes e 43 estímulos ambientais. Destes, 39 são focais e 4 são contextuais. Conclusões: essa teoria específica da situação fornece uma explicação informada e abrangente da resposta humana à DA para apoiar a assistência de enfermagem.

Situation-Specific Theory from Autonomic Dysreflexia Nursing Diagnosis Based on Roy's Adaptation Model / Teoría de situación específica del diagnóstico de enfermería disreflexia autónoma basada en el modelo de adaptación de Roy / Teoria específica da situação do diagnóstico de enfermagem da disreflexia autonômica com baseada no modelo de adaptação de Roy

Introducción: La direflexia autónoma (DA) es una afección secundaria a una lesión en la médula espinal que se manifiesta en la pérdida de respuestas autónomas coordinadas y de control cardiovascular. Para el cuidado del paciente, las enfermeras cuentan con el diagnóstico de la DA, que permite interpretar adecuadamente las respuestas humanas de cada individuo. Sin embargo, es necesario fortalecer y actualizar el diagnóstico a los nuevos conocimientos disciplinarios que evolucionan con la práctica de la enfermería. Para esto es esencial una teoría de situación específica que explique el fenómeno de interés y guíe la práctica. Objetivo: Construir una teoría de situación específica para el diagnóstico en enfermería de la DA derivada de la adaptación del modelo de Sor Callista Roy. Materiales y métodos: Estudio teórico desarrollado en cinco etapas: definición del enfoque para construir la teoría, definición de los conceptos clave, desarrollo de un diagrama pictórico, construcción de las proposiciones y establecimiento de las relaciones causales y la evidencia para la práctica. Resultados: La teoría de situación específica incluyó la definición del enfoque para construir la teoría, la definición de los conceptos clave, el desarrollo de un diagrama pictórico, la construcción de las proposiciones y el establecimiento de las relaciones causales y la evidencia para la práctica. Se describen los conceptos y sus relaciones por medio de 7 proposiciones y se identificaron 19 comportamientos ineficaces y 43 estímulos ambientales. De ellos, 39 son focales y 4 contextuales. Conclusiones: Esta teoría de situación específica proporciona una explicación informada y completa de la respuesta humana a la DA para apoyar el cuidado en enfermería.

Introdução: a disreflexia autonômica (DA) é uma condição secundária à lesão da medula espinhal que se manifesta na perda de respostas autonômicas coordenadas e no controle cardiovascular. Para o atendimento ao paciente, os profissionais de enfermagem contam com o diagnóstico de DA que permite a interpretação adequada das respostas humanas do indivíduo. No entanto, há necessidade de fortalecer e atualizar o diagnóstico para o novo conhecimento disciplinar que evolui com a prática de enfermagem. Para isso, é essencial uma teoria situacional específica que explique o fenômeno de interesse e oriente a prática. Objetivo: Construir uma teoria situacional específica para o diagnóstico de enfermagem da DA derivada da adaptação do modelo de Sor Callista Roy. Materiais e método: estudo teórico desenvolvido em cinco etapas: definição da abordagem para construir a teoria, definição de conceitos-chave, desenvolvimento de um diagrama pictórico, construção de proposições e estabelecimento de relações causais e evidências para a prática. Resultados: a teoria específica da situação incluiu a definição da abordagem para a construção da teoria, a definição dos principais conceitos, o desenvolvimento de um diagrama pictórico, a construção de proposições e o estabelecimento de relações causais e evidências para a prática. Os conceitos e suas relações são descritos por meio de 7 proposições e foram identificados 19 comportamentos ineficazes e 43 estímulos ambientais. Destes, 39 são focais e 4 são contextuais. Conclusões: essa teoria específica da situação fornece uma explicação informada e abrangente da resposta humana à DA para apoiar a assistência de enfermagem.

Introduction: Autonomic dysreflexia (AD) is a condition developed secondary to a spinal cord injury, which manifests with the loss of coordinated autonomic responses and cardiovascular control. For the care of the person, the nurse has the nursing diagnosis of AD, which allows the precise interpretation of the human responses of each individual. However, it is necessary to strengthen and update the diagnosis to the new disciplinary knowledge that evolved with nursing practice. For this, proposing a situation-specific theory is essential to explain the phenomenon of interest and guide practice. Objective: To construct a situation-specific theory for the nursing diagnosis of AD derived from the adaptation model of Sor Callista Roy. Materials and methods: Theoretical study developed in five stages: defining the approach to construct the theory, defining key concepts, developing a pictorial diagram, building propositions, and establishing causal relationships and evidence for practice. Results: The situation-specific theory included defining key concepts, developing a pictorial diagram, building propositions, and establishing causal relationships and evidence for practice. We described the concepts and their relationships through seven propositions and identified 19 ineffective behaviors and 43 environmental stimuli. Of them, 39 are focal, and four are contextual stimuli. Conclusions: This situation-specific theory offers a substantiated and comprehensive explanation of the human response to AD for supporting nursing care.

Interventions to improve knowledge or compliance to hand hygiene in nursing students: A scoping review.

Background: During their training process, nursing students carry out internships in different care settings, which implies direct contact with more than one patient simultaneously. Their hands represent a vehicle for transmitting pathogens that cause healthcare-related infections. Various interventions have been proposed to improve nursing students' knowledge or compliance to hand hygiene. However, the information on these interventions is scattered in the literature. Objectives: This study was conducted to identify and describe the interventions to improve knowledge or compliance to hand hygiene in nursing students evaluated in the scientific literature. Methods: The scoping review methodology guided by the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) was adopted. Screening and data extraction were performed by two reviewers using templates developed by the authors. Results: Thirteen studies were included. Education and training were highlighted as the central core components for interventions. The duration ranged from 15 min to 1 week. The number of sessions varied between one to three sessions. The content was based mainly on the recommendations of the World Health Organization and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Conclusions: There is a limited body of interventions to improve knowledge or compliance to the hand hygiene technique in nursing students. Education and training were highlighted as the central core components for interventions. New primary studies are needed and should include a description in detail of the characteristics of the interventions.

Recruitment, retention, and adherence of family caregivers: Lessons from a multisite trial.

Objective: To describe the recruitment, retention of family caregivers, and adherence to a telephone based intervention evaluated in a multi-site trial and provide recommendations for the design of future studies. Methods: A descriptive study based on a secondary analysis of a multi-site clinical development in Colombia and Brazil. Recruitment was measured by the number of participants eligible and consented. Retention was assessed by the percentage of participants with outcomes data at two follow-ups. The intervention adherence was measured by the percentage of the caregiver who received the intervention. Results: Of the family caregivers assessed, 63% were eligible, and 32.9% declined to be in the study for time restriction or no interest. In Colombia, the total retention rate of caregivers was 63.4% at the first follow-up and 48% at the second follow-up, while in Brazil was de 52.8% and 46.2%, respectively. At the end of the study, the sample comprised 28 and 70 caregivers in the intervention and control groups, respectively, for a retention rate of 47%. Of 104 family caregivers allocated to the intervention group, 42 (40.3%) received five sessions. Most reported not completing the Caregiver's Activity Diary. Conclusion: The recruitment of family caregivers, participant retention, and adherence to the telephone intervention was unsuccessful. Future studies should apply an assessment tool during the recruitment of family caregivers and replace the term "caregiver" with "care provider" in the material involved in the research; define a retention protocol before starting the study and involve family caregivers in the design of the interventions.

A reusable learning object for assessment cardiovascular and respiratory responses.

OBJECTIVES: Produce and determine the validity of a reusable learning object for assessment cardiovascular and respiratory responses from the taxonomy of the North American Association of Nursing Diagnosis Domain 4. Activity/Rest, Class 4. Cardiovascular/Pulmonary Responses. METHODS: A descriptive methodological study was developed that included three phases (1) construction of the reusable learning object incorporating Gagné's nine instructional events, (2) content validation was carried out with 24 nurses who served as experts, and (3) and Usability was evaluated by 22 nursing students from a Public University in Colombia. RESULTS: The reusable learning object was organized into three modules: introduction, assessment of cardiovascular responses, and assessment of pulmonary responses. The learning object obtained a content validation index of 0.86; the usability indicators had proportions of agreement greater than 85%. CONCLUSIONS: The reusable learning object is valid and can be used for teaching the assessment of cardiovascular and respiratory responses in nursing students.

A reusable learning object for assessment cardiovascular and respiratory responses / Un objeto de aprendizaje reutilizable para la valoración de las respuestas cardiovasculares y respiratorias / Um objeto de aprendizagem reutilizável para avaliar as respostas cardiovasculares e respiratórias

Objective. Produce and determine the validity of a reusable learning object for assessment cardiovascular and respiratory responses from the taxonomy of the North American Association of Nursing Diagnosis Domain 4. Activity/Rest, Class 4. Cardiovascular/Pulmonary Responses. Methods. A descriptive methodological study was developed that included three phases (1) construction of the reusable learning object incorporating Gagné's nine instructional events, (2) content validation was carried out with 24 nurses who served as experts, and (3) and Usability was evaluated by 22 nursing students from a Public University in Colombia. Results. The reusable learning object was organized into three modules: introduction, assessment of cardiovascular responses, and assessment of pulmonary responses. The learning object obtained a content validation index of 0.86; the usability indicators had proportions of agreement greater than 85%. Conclusion. The reusable learning object is valid and can be used for teaching the assessment of cardiovascular and respiratory responses in nursing students

Objetivo. Producir y determinar la validez de un objeto de aprendizaje reutilizable para la evaluación de las respuestas cardiovasculares y respiratorias de la taxonomía de la Asociación Norteamericana de Diagnóstico de Enfermería Dominio 4. Actividad/Descanso, Clase 4. Respuestas Cardiovasculares/Pulmonares. Métodos. Fue desarrollado un estudio metodológico descriptivo que incluyó tres fases (1) construcción del objeto de aprendizaje reutilizable incorporando los nueve eventos de instrucción de Gagné, (2) validación de contenido con 24 enfermeras que fungieron como expertas, y (3) evaluación de la usabilidad por 22 estudiantes de enfermería de una Universidad Pública en Colombia. Resultados. El objeto de aprendizaje reutilizable se organizó en tres módulos: introducción, valoración de las respuestas cardiovasculares y valoración de las respuestas pulmonares. El objeto de aprendizaje obtuvo un índice de validación de contenido de 0.86; además, los indicadores de usabilidad tuvieron proporciones de acuerdo superiores al 85%. Conclusión. El objeto de aprendizaje reutilizable desarrollado es válido y puede ser empleado para la enseñanza de la valoración de las respuestas cardiovasculares y respiratorias en estudiantes de enfermería.

Objetivo. Produzir e determinar a validade de um objeto de aprendizagem reutilizável para avaliar respostas cardiovasculares e respiratórias a partir da taxonomia da Associação Norte-Americana de Diagnósticos de Enfermagem Domínio 4. Atividade/Repouso, Classe 4. Respostas Cardiovasculares/Pulmonares. Métodos. Foi desenvolvido um estudo metodológico descritivo que incluiu três fases (1) construção do objeto de aprendizagem reutilizável incorporando os nove eventos instrucionais de Gagné, (2) validação de conteúdo realizada com 24 enfermeiros que atuaram como especialistas e (3) avaliacão da usabilidade por 22 estudantes de enfermagem de uma universidade pública da Colômbia. Resultados. O objeto de aprendizagem reutilizável foi organizado em três módulos: introdução, avaliação das respostas cardiovasculares e avaliação das respostas pulmonares. O objeto de aprendizagem obteve índice de validação de conteúdo de 0,86; os indicadores de usabilidade tiveram proporções de concordância superiores a 85%. Conclusão. O objeto de aprendizagem reutilizável é válido e pode ser utilizado para o ensino da avaliação das respostas cardiovasculares e respiratórias em estudantes de enfermagem.

Topical Products for the Protection of Periwound Skin: A Scoping Review.

INTRODUCTION: The periwound skin influences the evolution of the wound. Among the mechanisms that affect it are the wound's own exudate and the use of therapeutic support devices. OBJECTIVE: The objective of this scoping review is to map out topical products that have been implemented and evaluated for either the protection or treatment of injuries caused by exudate or the use of adhesives or therapeutic dressings on the periwound skin of acute or chronic wounds. METHODS: The methodology for scoping reviews proposed by the Joanna Briggs Institute was adopted, and a 3-step search strategy was carried out. The first search was limited to MEDLINE and CINAHL. Subsequently, a search was conducted with the identified key words and the terms of the index for the selected databases. Finally, additional studies were sought in the references of all identified publications. Two reviewers conducted the searches independently. Literature in the English, Spanish, and Portuguese languages was included. RESULTS: A total of 1229 studies were identified, 12 of which met the inclusion criteria defined for this review. From the included studies, 12 products were identified for wounds of different etiologies, with the most frequent being the alcohol-free barrier film and zinc oxide. CONCLUSIONS: To date, the level of evidence is low. It is necessary to develop more robust research that improves the quality of the literature available for treating people with wounds.

Propiedades psicométricas del cuestionario mos-sss en cuidadores familiares de bucaramanga, colombia: un análisis de rasch / Psychometric properties of the questionnaire mos-sss in family caregivers of bucaramanga, colombia: a rasch analysis / Propriedades psicométricas do questionario mos-sss em cuidadores familiares de bucaramanga, colômbia: uma analise de rasch

Resumen Objetivo: determinar las propiedades psicométricas del Cuestionario de Estudio de Desenlaces Médicos de Apoyo Social con la aplicación del modelo de Rasch, en una muestra de cuidadores familiares de Bucaramanga. Materiales y método: corresponde a un estudio metodológico de tipo evaluación de tecnologías diagnósticas. Fueron evaluados 104 cuidadores familiares de personas con enfermedades crónicas de la ciudad de Bucaramanga, durante los meses de octubre a diciembre de 2014, usando el Cuestionario de Estudio de Desenlaces Médicos de Apoyo Social. Fueron analizadas las características psicométricas de dicho cuestionario utilizando el modelo de Rasch. Resultados: se encontró que el conjunto de 19 ítems mostró unidimensionalidad. Todos los ítems presentaron polaridad positiva. Las estadísticas de ajuste mostraron que los ítems A2. Alguien que me ayude cuando tenga que guardar reposo en cama, A8. Alguien que me dé información para ayudarme a entender una situación, A11. Alguien con quien pueda relajarme, presentaron leve desajuste al modelo. Conclusión: el instrumento posee adecuadas propiedades psicométricas desde la perspectiva del modelo de Rasch; sin embargo, para ser aplicado en cuidadores familiares de personas con enfermedad crónica es deseable adicionar más ítems que aborden otros aspectos importantes del apoyo social como es el caso del apoyo brindado por el personal de salud.

Abstract Objective: to determine the psychometric properties of Medical Outcomes Study Social Support Survey with the application of the Rasch model, in a sample of family caregivers of Bucaramanga. Material and method: The study corresponds to a diagnostic technologies assessment-type methodological study. A total of 104 caregivers relatives of people with chronic diseases in the city of Bucaramanga, were evaluated during the months of October and December 2014 using the Medical Outcomes Study Social Support Survey. The psychometric characteristics of the survey were analyzed using the Rasch model. Results: It was found that the set of 19 items showed unidimensionality. All items presented positive polarity. The adjustment statistics showed that items A2: Someone to help me when I have to rest in bed; A8: Someone to give me information to help me understand a situation; and item A11: Someone with whom I can relax, presented slight mismatch to the model. Conclusions: the instrument has adequate psychometric properties from the perspective of the Rasch model. However, to be applied in family caregivers relatives of people with chronic diseases, it is desirable to add more items that address other important aspects of social support, such as the support provided by health personnel.

Resumo Objetivo: determinar as propriedades psicométricas do Questionário de Estudo de Desenlaces Médicos de Apoio Social com a aplicação do modelo de Rasch, em uma amostra de cuidadores familiares de Bucaramanga. Materiais e método: corresponde a um estudo metodológico de tipo avaliação de tecnologias diagnósticas. Foram avaliados 104 cuidadores familiares de pessoas com doenças crónicas da cidade de Bucaramanga, durante os meses de outubro a dezembro de 2014, usando o Questionário de Estudo de Desenlaces Médicos de Apoio Social. Foram analisadas as características psicométricas de dito questionário utilizando o modelo de Rasch. Resultados: Encontrou-se que o conjunto de 19 itens amostrou uni dimensionalidade. Todos os itens apresentaram polaridade positiva. As estatísticas de ajuste amostraram que os itens A2. Alguém que me ajude quando tenha que guardar repouso em cama, A8. Alguém que me dê informação para ajudar-me a entender uma situação, A11. Alguém com quem possa relaxar-me, apresentaram leve desajuste ao modelo. Conclusão: o instrumento tem adequadas propriedades psicométricas desde a perspectiva do modelo de Rasch; porém, para ser aplicado em cuidadores familiares de pessoas com doenças crónica é desejável adicionar mais itens que abordagem outros aspectos importantes do apoio social como é o caso do apoio brindado pelo pessoal de saúde.

Caregiver role strain: bi-national study of content validation / Cansancio del rol de cuidador: estudio binacional de validación de contenido / Tensão do papel de cuidador: estudo binacional de validação de conteúdo

Objective.To estimate content validity of the diagnosis Caregiver Role Strain. Methods. Content validation of the defining characteristics according to Fehring's model was undertaken by 6 Colombian nurses and 9 Brazilian counterparts. The relevance of each defining characteristic for the diagnosis was assessed using 5-point Likert type scale. The Mann-Whitney test was used to estimate differences in assessing the relevance of defining characteristics between Brazilian and Colombian nurses. Results. From 36 defining characteristics, 22 were identified as major, 13 as secondary and one as irrelevant (rash). The content validity index(sum of weighted averages divided by the total number of defining characteristics) was 0.79, considered adequate. Conclusion. Most of the defining characteristics were considered relevant to the nursing diagnosis Caregiver Role Strain. These findings reflect consensus among specialists from two different countries in relation to the relevance of the defining characteristics for this diagnosis.

Objetivo.Estimar la validez de contenido del diagnóstico Cansancio del rol de cuidador. Métodos. Validación de contenido de las características definitorias por seis enfermeras colombianas y nueve enfermeras brasileñas, de acuerdo con el modelo de Fehring's. La relevancia de cada característica definitoria para el diagnóstico se evaluó utilizando una escala Likert de cinco puntos. Resultados. De las 36 características definitorias, 22 se identificaron como principales; 13, secundarias y una como irrelevante. No hubo diferencia entre las puntuaciones atribuidas por las enfermeras brasileñas y colombianas. El puntaje total de validez de contenido del diagnóstico (sumatoria de los promedios ponderados, medias ponderadas divididas por el número total de características definitorias) fue adecuado (0.79). Conclusión. La mayoría de las características definitorias fueron consideradas relevantes para el diagnóstico Cansancio del rol de cuidador. Estos hallazgos reflejan un consenso entre expertos de dos países diferentes con relación a la relevancia de las características definitorias para el diagnóstico.

Objetivo.Estimar a validade de conteúdo do diagnóstico de enfermagem Tensão do papel de cuidador. Métodos. Validação de conteúdo das caraterísticas definidoras por 9 enfermeiros brasileiros e 6 enfermeiros colombianos, segundo o modelo proposto por Fehring. A pertinência de cada caraterística definidora ao diagnóstico foi avaliada por meio de escala tipo Likert de 5 pontos. Resultados. Das 36 caraterísticas definidoras 22 foram identificadas como principais, 13 como secundárias e uma como irrelevante. A pontuação total de validez de conteúdo do diagnóstico (somatória das médias ponderados dividida pelo número total de características definitivas) foi adequado (0.79). Não houve diferenças entre as pontuações atribuídas pelos enfermeiros brasileiros e colombianos. Conclusão. A maioria das características definidoras foram consideradas pertinentes para Tensão do papel de cuidador. Os detectados refletem consenso entre expertos de dois países em relação à pertinência das características definidoras ao diagnóstico.

Caregiver role strain: bi-national study of content validation.

OBJECTIVE: To estimate content validity of the diagnosis Caregiver Role Strain. METHODS: Content validation of the defining characteristics according to Fehring's model was undertaken by 6 Colombian nurses and 9 Brazilian counterparts. The relevance of each defining characteristic for the diagnosis was assessed using 5-point Likert type scale. The Mann-Whitney test was used to estimate differences in assessing the relevance of defining characteristics between Brazilian and Colombian nurses. RESULTS: From 36 defining characteristics, 22 were identified as major, 13 as secondary and one as irrelevant (rash). The content validity index(sum of weighted averages divided by the total number of defining characteristics) was 0.79, considered adequate. CONCLUSION: Most of the defining characteristics were considered relevant to the nursing diagnosis Caregiver Role Strain. These findings reflect consensus among specialists from two different countries in relation to the relevance of the defining characteristics for this diagnosis.

Apoyo telefónico: Una estrategia de intervención para cuidadores familiares de personas con enfermedad crónica / Telephone support: A strategy of intervention for family caregivers in chronic health conditions

Introducción: El apoyo telefónico es una intervención que permite dar información, educación y soporte psicosocial a los cuidadores familiares, por tanto es importante describir las diferentes alternativas con su correspondiente metodología e impacto en la experiencia de ser cuidador. Objetivo: Revisar sistemáticamente la literatura en relación con la intervención apoyo telefónico y su eficacia en la población intervenida. Métodos: Se realizó una búsqueda de artículos en las diferentes bases de datos, publicados entre los años 1990 y 2010, considerando la solidez y la calidad de la evidencia sobre la temática. Resultados: De 17 estudios que describieron el apoyo telefónico para cuidadores familiares, 6 tuvieron un alto nivel de evidencia, permitiendo un análisis comparativo para determinar la eficacia de la intervención. Conclusión: Existen sólidos resultados que soportan la eficacia del apoyo telefónico en la disminución de la ansiedad, la depresión, el estrés y en general mejoría del bienestar de los cuidadores. Salud UIS 2011; 43 (2): 191-201.

Introduction: The telephone support is an intervention that can provide information, education and psychosocial support to family caregivers, therefore, is important to describe the different alternatives with theirs methodology and its impact on the experience of being caregiver. Purpose: Reviewing systematically the literature in relation with the intervention of telephone support and his efficacy in the population studied. Methods: We performed a structured search of the articles in the different databases, published between 1990 and 2010, recognizing the strength and quality of evidence. Results: Of 17 studies that described the telephone support as an intervention for family caregivers, only 6 studies were considered high quality, enabling a comparative analysis to determine the efficacy of the intervention. Conclusion: There is solid evidence supporting the efficacy of telephone support in reducing anxiety, depression, stress and in general improve of the welfare of caregivers. Salud UIS 2011; 43 (2): 191-201.

Eficacia de las intervenciones de enfermería mediante un programa para el cuidado en el hogar / Effectiveness of the nursing interventions by means of a program for home care

El objetivo del estudio fue evaluar la eficacia de las intervenciones de enfermería en personas con enfermedad crónica y sus cuidadores, dadas mediante el programa Preparación y Apoyo para el Cuidado en el Hogar. Estudio cuasiexperimental. Se valoraron las etiquetas de resultado Conocimiento: proceso de la enfermedad, Conocimiento: régimen terapéutico, Preparación del cuidador familiar domiciliario, Bienestar del cuidador principal. Los participantes se asignaron a tres grupos. El primer grupo recibió preparación para el alta, el segundo grupo recibió preparación para el alta e intervención telefónica y el tercer grupo recibió además de lo anterior, una visita en su domicilio. Tras la intervención se encontró diferencias de 0.55 y 0.20 en el CRE final de la etiqueta Conocimiento Proceso de la Enfermedad de las personas del segundo y tercer grupo, respectivamente. Se encontró que las intervenciones de enfermería dadas mediante el programa son eficaces para las personas con enfermedad crónica y sus cuidadores familiares(AU)

The objective of present study was to assess the effectiveness of nursing interventions in persons presenting with a chronic disease and their carers according to the Training and Support Program for Home Care. Present study was quasi-experimental. The following labels were assessed: Knowledge result: disease course, Knowledge: therapeutic regimen, Training of family carer at home, Wellbeing of main carer. The participants were randomized to three groups. The first group received training related to discharge, the second one received training for the discharge and telephone intervention and the third one received also of above mentioned trainings, a visit in its home. After intervention there were differences of 0.55 and 0.20 in the final CRE of the Knowledge label of Disease Course of the persons of second and third group, respectively. We found that the nursing interventions applied by means of the program are effective for the persons presenting with a chronic diseases and their family carers(AU)

[Effectiveness of the nursing interventions for the diagnosis "ineffective management of therapeutic regimen"]. / Eficacia de las intervenciones de enfermería para el diagnóstico "manejo inefectivo del régimen terapéutico".

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the efficacy of domiciliary nursing interventions in the diagnosis of Ineffective Therapeutic Regimen Management in adults with chronic diseases. METHOD: A controlled clinical trial. We made the evaluation of the labels Treatment Behaviour: Illness or Injury and Knowledge: Treatment Regimen of the Nursing Outcomes Classifications. Participants were randomly assigned into two groups, the experimental group received the interventions recommended in the Nursing Interventions Classifications, and the control group received the usual care from the institution. The labels final results of two groups were compared with analysis of covariance. RESULTS: A difference of 1.1 points was found in the label Treatment Behaviour: Illness or Injury and of 1.5 points in the label Knowledge: Treatment Regimen when we compared the treatment and control group. CONCLUSION: The domiciliary nursing interventions are effective for the nursing diagnosis of Ineffective management of therapeutic regimen in adults with chronic diseases.