Highly Selective Ratiometric Sensors for Pb2+ Based on Luminescent Zn(II)-Coordination Polymers with Thiophenedicarboxylate. Crystal Structures and Spectroscopic Studies.

The development of luminescent coordination polymers for the selective sensing of Pb2+ in water constitutes an active area of research that impacts analytical, environmental, and inorganic chemistry. Herein, two novel water-stable 2D Zn-coordination polymers {[Zn2(H2O)2(tdc)2(bpy)]·(H2O)}n 1 and [Zn(tdc)(tmb)]n 2 (tdc = thiophenedicarboxylate; bpy = 4,4'-bipyridine and tmb = 4,4'-trimethylenebipyridine) were synthesized, structurally determined by single crystal X-ray diffraction, and studied in-depth as luminescent sensors for a series of cations (Ca2+, Mg2+, Mn2+, Fe2+, Co2+, Ni2+, Cu2+, Zn2+ Cd2+, Hg2+ and Pb2+) in 20% aqueous ethanol. These Zn-polymers possess photostability in 20% aqueous ethanol with a strong emission at 410 upon excitation at 330 nm and quantum yields of around Φ = 0.09. Under these conditions, Pb+2 can be efficiently sensed with polymer 2 through a fluorescent ratiometric response with selectivity over common interfering metal ions such as Cu2+, Cd2+ and Hg2+ in the micromolar concentration range (detection limit = 1.78 ± 10 µM). Such selectivity/affinity of Pb2+ over Hg2+ for luminescent chemosensors is still rare. On the basis of spectroscopic tools (1H NMR, far ATR-IR, PXRD), the X-ray crystal structure of 2, and Scanning Electron Microscopy with Energy-Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopic analysis, the ratiometric fluorescent response is proposed via an efficient metal-ion exchange driven through interactions between thiophenedicarboxylate rings and Pb2+ ions. The use of flexible luminescent Zn-coordination polymers as sensors for selective and direct detection of Pb2+ in aqueous media has been unexplored until now.

Seguridad y entrenamiento de las colonoscopias por cirujanos. Estudio multicéntrico / Safety and training of colonoscopies by surgeons. A multicenter study

RESUMEN Introducción: la seguridad de la colonoscopia realizada por cirujanos y el tratamiento de sus complica ciones han sido analizados aisladamente y en escasas publicaciones nacionales. Objetivos: el objetivo principal del estudio fue analizar las colonoscopias realizadas por cirujanos co lorrectales, sus complicaciones y resolución. El objetivo secundario fue comparar los resultados entre un hospital universitario y distintos centros del país dotados de cirujanos colorrectales que habían recibido entrenamiento en una residencia posbásica. Material y métodos: estudio multicéntrico, prospectivo a nivel nacional. Se incluyeron las colonosco pias realizadas entre 2011 y 2016 . Se analizaron como variables las complicaciones, edad, sexo, tipo de endoscopia, diagnóstico, tratamiento, sitio de realización y de entrenamiento del cirujano. Se ex presaron en promedios, porcentajes y rangos. El análisis estadístico consistió en el test exacto ordinal, relaciones y proporciones y exacto de Fisher. Se consideró significancia a p < 0,05. Resultados: de 24 907 procedimientos, 17 283 fueron diagnósticos y 17 202 provenían de centros del interior. Hubo 43 complicaciones (0,17%); 35 específicas: perforaciones (19), hemorragias (8), sín drome pospolipectomía (5) y técnicas (3), diagnosticadas y resueltas por el mismo equipo sin mor bimortalidad. No hubo diferencias en las complicaciones según el centro ni tipo de colonoscopia en incidencia o tratamiento. Todos los cirujanos se entrenaron en residencias de posgrado con programas de entrenamiento en colonoscopia. Conclusiones: existen similares resultados entre cirujanos provenientes de instituciones con residen cia posbásica y centros del interior al realizar colonoscopias. La colonoscopia realizada por cirujanos es un procedimiento seguro y posible de ser adquirido como competencia luego de un entrenamiento formal realizado en una residencia posbásica.

ABSTRACT Introduction: The safety of colonoscopies performed by surgeons and the management of their com plications has not been analyzed in depth in the low number of national publications. Objective: The primary endpoint of this study was to analyze the outcomes of colonoscopies perfor med by colorectal surgeons, in terms of complications. and their resolution. The secondary endpoint was to compare the results between a university hospital and different centers nationwide staffed with colorectal surgeons who had received formal training during a residency program in the surgical subspecialty. Material and methods: We conducted a multicenter, prospective and consecutive national study. The colonscopies performed between 2011 and 2016 were included. The variables analyzed included complications, age, sex, type of endoscopy, diagnosis, treatment, location were the procedure was performed and surgeon's training. The results were expressed as mean, percentage and range. The statistical analysis was performed using Fisher's exact test. A p value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: A total of 24,907 procedures were performed, 17,283 corresponded to diagnostic colonosco pies and 17,202 were made in provincial centers. Forty-four complications were recorded (0.17%), of which 35 were procedure-related complications: 19 perforations, 8 bleeding events, 5 post-polypec tomy syndromes and three related with the technique; all were diagnosed and solved by the same team without morbidity and mortality. There were no differences in the incidence of complications and how they were treated according to the center or type of colonoscopy. All the surgeons received colonoscopy training during a residency program in the surgical subspecialty. Conclusions: The results obtained in colonoscopies performed by surgeons trained in institutions with residency programs in surgical subspecialties are similar t Safe colonoscopies can be performed by surgeons who have been trained in institutions with a residency program in a surgical subspecialty and with a formal training program in colonoscopy.

[Primary orbital squamous cell carcinoma]. / Carcinoma escamoso primario de órbita.

Primary orbital squamous cell carcinoma is a rare entity. There is little published literature. We report a case of primary squamous cell carcinoma of the orbital soft tissues. Surgical resection offered the best treatment for the patient. Complete resection of the lesion was achieved. The patient received adjuvant radiotherapy due to the proximity of the lesion to the surgical margins. Surgical treatment is feasible and should be considered as part of the surgeon's arsenal. However, therapeutic decisions must be made on a case-by-case basis.

Carcinoma escamoso primario de órbita / Primary orbital squamous cell carcinoma

El carcinoma escamoso primario de órbita es una entidad poco frecuente. Hay escasa literatura publicada al respecto. Presentamos un caso de carcinoma escamoso primario de los tejidos blandos de la órbita. La resección quirúrgica ofrecía el mejor tratamiento para esta paciente. Se realizó un abordaje cráneo-facial y se logró la resección completa de la lesión. La paciente recibió radioterapia adyuvante debido a la proximidad de la lesión a los márgenes quirúrgicos. El tratamiento quirúrgico es factible y debe ser considerado como parte del arsenal del cirujano. Sin embargo, las decisiones terapéuticas deben tomarse teniendo en cuenta las particularidades de cada caso.

Primary orbital squamous cell carcinoma is a rare entity. There is little published literature. We report a case of primary squamous cell carcinoma of the orbital soft tissues. Surgical resection offered the best treatment for the patient. Complete resection of the lesion was achieved. The patient received adjuvant radiotherapy due to the proximity of the lesion to the surgical margins. Surgical treatment is feasible and should be considered as part of the surgeon´s arsenal. However, therapeutic decisions must be made on a case-by-case basis.