Implementation of Intelligent Physical Exercise Training at a Danish Hospital-A Qualitative Study of Employees' Barriers and Facilitators for Participation.

BACKGROUND: Exercise training at work has the potential to improve employees' productivity, health, and well-being. However, exercise interventions for healthcare workers in hospitals may be challenged by time pressure and the ongoing workflow with patient care. OBJECTIVE: The aim was to identify barriers and facilitators for participation in exercise training during work in a hospital department. METHODS: Eight semi-structured interviews of 13 individuals were conducted with hospital employees from different staff groups who participated in 12 weeks of exercise twice weekly. The data analysis was a thematic approach based on the Theoretical Domains Framework and the COM-B factors in the Behavior Change Wheel. RESULTS: Barriers and facilitators varied between different groups. Barriers included limited structure, busyness, and a discouraging culture. Facilitators included gaining a feeling of community and psychological and physical well-being. Seven contextual subthemes were vital for successful implementation of exercise in a hospital setting: sharing of knowledge and information; involvement; administration and structure; culture; individualization; purpose and objective; and incentives. CONCLUSIONS: The informants appreciated exercise training during work. Inpatient departments' informants found it difficult to participate in the intervention, whilst those with more administrative tasks found it easier. This study identified barriers and facilitators vital for a successful implementation of an exercise training intervention in a hospital department. The study explains how future interventions can improve reach, adoption, and implementation of exercise training interventions to hospital staffs.

Exercise Training During Working Hours at a Hospital Department: A Pilot Study.

OBJECTIVES: This pilot study tested the use of an exercise offer to hospital employees during working hours and changes in work and health parameters. METHODS: Employees (n = 214) from a medical department on a Danish hospital were invited to 30 minutes' exercise training twice weekly for 12 weeks. Outcomes included health- and work-related parameters. RESULTS: Eighty employees (mean age, 44.4 [SD, 10.7] years; 81.3% women) completed the study. Intervention adherence was 36.3% (SD, 25.1%). Aerobic capacity increased from 34.6 (95% confidence interval [CI], 32.3 to 36.9) to 36.7 (95% CI, 34.1 to 39.4) mL O 2 /min per kilogram, P = 0.004. Blood pressure decreased from 120 (95% CI, 117 to 123)/79 (95% CI, 76 to 81) to 116 (95% CI, 112 to 120)/76 (95% CI, 74 to 79) mm Hg, P = 0.003. Waist circumference and musculoskeletal pain decreased. Well-being, social capital, and quality of life increased. CONCLUSIONS: Despite low training adherence, completers improved outcomes related to metabolic and self-rated health.

When Intervention Meets Organisation, a Qualitative Study of Motivation and Barriers to Physical Exercise at the Workplace.

OBJECTIVE: To provide a comprehensive understanding of the motivational factors and barriers that are important for compliance with high-intensity workplace physical exercise that is aimed at reducing musculoskeletal disorders. METHOD: The present study, which used semideductive, thematic, and structured in-depth interviews, was nested in a 20-week cluster randomised controlled trial among office workers. Interviews were conducted with 18 informants with diverse fields of sedentary office work who participated in strength training at the workplace for 20 minutes, three times per week. Organisational, implementational, and individual motives and barriers were explored. RESULTS & DISCUSSION: The results show that attention should be given to the interaction between the management, the employees, and the intervention, as the main barrier to compliance was the internal working culture. The results emphasised the need for a clear connection between the management's implementational intentions and the actual implementation. The results emphasise the importance of ensuring the legitimacy of the intervention among managers, participants, and colleagues. Moreover, it is important to centrally organise, structure, and ensure flexibility in the working day to free time for participants to attend the intervention. Recommendations from this study suggest that a thorough intervention mapping process should be performed to analyse organisational and implementational factors before initiating workplace physical exercise training.