the Short Abstinence May Have Paradoxical Effects On Sperms With Different Level Of DNA Integrity: A Prospective Study.

PURPOSE: To investigate the effect of short abstinence on sperm function tests and semen parameters. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This prospective study included 65 male patients with increased DNA injury in their ejaculated sperm and a history of recurrent pregnancy loss and/or assisted reproductive techniques failures. The effects of antioxidants medical therapy and short abstinence on semen quality were assessed (TUNEL test and CMA3 staining). RESULTS: Antioxidants have statistically significant effects on mean sperm concentration (untreated, 67.51 ± 44.40 million/ml, vs. treated, 56.09 ± 37.85 million/ml; P-value=0.005) and mean TUNEL score (untreated, 24.56% ± 9.49%, vs. treated, 20.64% ± 10.28%; P-value = 0.013). Moreover, a short abstinence period might have positive effects as shown on the TUNEL assay (20.64% ± 10.28 vs. 17.38% ± 8.59 ; P-value = 0.028) and CMA3 staining (47.79% ± 20.78, vs. short 41.92% ± 18.49; P-value = 0.019), when considering all study subjects. However, different results were obtained using more precise analysis based on a TUNEL cutoff score of 20%. The analysis showed that short abstinence might improve sperm DNA integrity in patients with TUNEL score > 20% (mean TUNEL score from 27.85% ± 8.32% to 19.14% ± 8.90% ; P-value =0.001%). However, it might have deleterious effects on sperm DNA integrity in patients with TUNEL score < 20% (mean TUNEL score from 11.89% ± 3.21% to 15.17% ± 7.79%; P-value = 0.045%) Conclusion: Our results showed that short abstinence may not be beneficial in all infertile males, and it should only be used in selected patients with abnormal DNA integrity.

Assessment of the Physicochemical Quality of Drinking Water Resources in the Central Part of Iran.

The aim of the study described in this article was to assess the physicochemical quality of water resources in Isfahan province, located in the central part of Iran, from June to November 2012. Comparison of the results with the acceptable limits recommended by the World Health Organization (WHO) for drinking water showed that nitrate, chloride, iron, and fluoride concentrations exceeded the maximum acceptable level in 12.3%, 9.2%, 6.8%, and 1.5% of samples, respectively. Total dissolved solids (TDS) and turbidity values also exceeded the maximum acceptable level in 9.2% and 3.1% of samples, respectively. In general, the quality of drinking water resources in the central part of Iran at present is mostly acceptable and satisfactory. It may be deteriorated in the future, however, because water quantity and quality in arid and semiarid areas are highly variable over time. Therefore, continued monitoring of the water resources quality is extremely important to environmental safety.

Metachronous occurrence of triple malignancies of kidneys, prostate, and breast. A case report and review of the literature.

Multiple consecutive cancers involving different organs in a male individual are presented. Case Presentation. Herein, we present a rare case of primary right renal cell carcinoma (RCC), in which two different organ malignancies of prostate and breast were occurred consecutively. After proper treatment of each organ tumor, the patient experienced metachronous occurrence of its final tumor in his remained left kidney as left side RCC. Discussions. Multiple primary cancers are defined as occurrence of two or more malignancies, synchronous or metachronous, in different organs without any relation to each other. For primary and secondary tumors of the male genitourinary system, the most common occurrence was tumors of bladder and prostate followed by tumors of the kidney. Our case was a rare presentation of consecutive occurrence of multiple organ tumors: right side RCC, adenocarcinoma of prostate, and ductal cell carcinoma of the left breast, followed by left side RCC. Conclusions. In any case of primary malignancy of any organ, not only primary tumor recurrence but also tumoral growth of other nonrelated organs should be evaluated, especially in high risk patients or patients with positive familial history.