Complex genitourinary duplication affecting neurourologic and urodynamic findings: report of a case and review of the literature.

BACKGROUND: Complete duplication of the bladder and urethra is a rare congenital anomaly and usually occurs in association with other organ anomalies. We report a case of complete bladder duplication associated with multiple non-genitourinary anomalies. CASE: A 10-year-old girl presented with urinary incontinence and recurrent episodes of febrile urinary tract infections. Simultaneous right and left bladder urodynamic study was performed and revealed bilateral decreased bladder compliance associated with hyperreflexia. The patient underwent reconstructive surgery with combination of the 2 bladders and closure of the right incompetent bladder neck. SUMMARY AND CONCLUSION: Management of bladder duplication is directed towards creating an unobstructed urinary tract, preventing infections, and achieving urinary continence. Neurourologic and urodynamic assessment is of utmost importance especially when concomitant spinal anomaly exists. Furthermore, these patients should be observed lifelong as alteration in bladder function may occur.

Congenital midline cervical cleft: can it be treated in newborn?

BACKGROUND: Congenital midline cervical cleft (CMCC) is a rare developmental anomaly of the anterior neck, mostly found in Caucasian females. Most authors consider it within the spectrum of branchial arch developmental abnormalities. There have been about 100 reported cases in the literature. However, there is no agreement on the age of surgery in this anomaly. CASE PRESENTATION: In this report we present our experience of managing this anomaly in the early neonatal period in two neonates. One of them had concomitantly congenital heart disease. CONCLUSION: It is important to recognize this rare congenital anomaly in neonate. Although the exact time of surgery for CMCC is not mentioned, based on our results the earliest time of intervention is recommended since then the operating result will be excellent.

Hyaline vascular-type Castleman's disease in the hilum of liver: a case report.

BACKGROUND: Castleman's disease or angiofollicular lymphoid hyperplasia is a rare benign lymph node hyperplasia usually presenting as an asymptomatic mediastinal mass in children. The disease can present at any extra thoracic site with lymphoid tissue such as retroperitoneal, mesentery, axilla, and pelvis. Hepatic localization castleman disease is very rare in children. Herein, we reported a case of Castleman's disease arising from the lymph node in hilum of liver. CASE PRESENTATION: A 5 -year-old girl with chief complaint of abdominal pain for two months which exaggerated in last three days was referred to the hospital. On routine physical examination, only a generalized abdominal pain was noticed. Routine laboratory investigations and Chest X-Ray were normal. Abdominal Sonography revealed a 3.7 x 3.1 cm solid mass in the hilum of the liver. On the MRI images, a lobulated mass in the portal hepatic associated with mass effect on the portal vein was visible. Histological examination revealed expansion of mantle zone in lymphatic nodules accompanied by burnt out germinal centers. This pattern was matched with the diagnosis of the hyaline-vascular type of Castleman disease. The patient underwent a laparotomy. The patient had an uneventful postoperative course. CONCLUSION: This pattern was matched with the diagnosis of the hyaline-vascular type of Castleman disease.