Chemical Analysis, Antioxidant, and Antibacterial Potential of Aqueous Extract of Broccoli (Brassica oleracea) Using GC-ms.

Antioxidant and antibacterial chemicals are key sources in medicinal plants. Alkaloids, phenolics, steroids, terpenes, flavonoids, terpenes, and volatile oils are a few of these plants' secondary metabolites. Phytochemicals, particularly the secondary metabolites produced by plants, are important for human nutrition, well-being, illness prevention, and antibacterial properties. This study aimed to ascertain the aqueous broccoli extract's chemical makeup. The phytochemical molecule that the GC-MS technique identified. The DPPH assay, which is appropriate for regular plant material screening, was performed to assess the antioxidant capacities of broccoli extract (in vitro). Subsequently looks at how well they perform against different Gram-positive and Gram-negative harmful microorganisms. GC-MS analysis of Broccoli extract revealed the existence of the9-Octadecenamide, [C18H35O], Hexadecane [c16h34] and 2, 2, 2-trifluoroethyl 2-methyltetrahydro-5-oxo-3- furancarboxylate [C23H33NO6]. There were significant changes in the extract's ascorbic acid-free radical scavenging activity at 200, 100, and 25 g/ml (P≤0.05), and the activity was dose-dependent. The effectiveness of aqueous broccoli extract as a powerful, broad-spectrum antibacterial agent against tested bacteria is demonstrated by an increase in the diameter of the inhibition zone, which increases in direct proportion to the concentration of the extract and even surpasses the activity of some antibiotics. An appropriate concentration of aqueous broccoli extract strongly inhibits microbial and antioxidant growth, especially when treating external infections without any danger against resistant bacterial isolates; it is strongly advised to use aqueous broccoli extract as a cost-effective alternative antibacterial and antioxidant agent.

Investigation of in vitro Cytotoxicity of Chelidonium majus against Leishmania major.

One of the public health issues in the endemic areas, especially in the Middle East region would be the Leishmaniasis. The suggested cure for leishmaniasis is pentavalent antimonials. These medications have drastic side effects and the risk of relapse. On the other hand, nowadays use of herbal remedies as safe and cost-effective treatments have been increased. Therefore this study was designed to determine in vitro anti-leishmanial activity of methanol extracts of greater celandine (Chelidonium majus) against Leishmania major. Greater celandine extract was added to L. major promastigotes and intra-macrophagic amastigotes. After 24, 48 and 72 h in vitro culture the percentage of promastigotes viability was calculated by direct counting method and MTT assay. Cytotoxicity in intra-macrophagic amastigotes was evaluated by direct counting method. Viability in minimum dose and maximum dose-treated groups (1.5 and 90 µg/ml) after 24 h, was 55.52% and 36.34%, respectively. After 48 h, it was 40% and 25.26% and after 72 h, it was 62.18% and 38.45%, respectively. The half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) was 0.92 µg/ml, after 24 h. Cytotoxicity in intra-macrophagic amastigotes treated by 3 µg/ml dose after 24 and 48 h, was 33.23% and 50.34%, respectively. It could be concluded that greater celandine methanolic extract has in vitro cytotoxic effect on the L. major in time and dose-dependent pattern.