[Preliminary results of the Russia (St.Petersburg)/WHO program for the evaluation of the effectiveness of breast self-examination]. / Promezhutochnye rezul'taty programmy Rocciia (Sankt-Peterburg)/VOZ po otsenke éffektivnosti samoobsledovaniia molochnykh zhelez.

Although an absolute difference of 10% (65,4 vs. 54,9%) in 5- and 9-year survival in breast cancer patients was recorded between the self-examination and control groups a large-scale randomized population-controlled study of 122,471 females has failed to provide significant differences (Log-rank - 0,774, p > 0.05). No significant decrease in mortality was observed in the self-examination group as compared with the untrained controls. As a result of providing more information to the population on risk factors. twice as many of the trained females consulted oncologists. Also, the number of early detection of breast tumor (T1-2NOMO) in both groups was 1,5-2,5 times that recorded elsewhere. Since 3,55 per 1,000 patients with breast tumors per year, aged 50-59, died of cardio-vascular disease, i.e. 3,1 times the expected 1,16 per 1,000, more attention should be focused on timely diagnosis and treatment of concomitant cardio-vascular pathology.

[Use of adriamycin in the treatment of metastatic breast cancer]. / Lechenie metastaticheskikh form raka molochnoi zhelezy s ispol'zovaniem adriamitsina.

Adriamycin (alone and as a component of FAC scheme) should be administered to patients with disseminated breast cancer resistant to cytostatic drugs. This treatment is followed by remission and arrests the process for an average of 9 months (in some cases up to 30 months). Mean doses of 30-40 mg should be given to outpatients on days 1 and 8 of each course, with intervals between courses being 21-28 days. No apparent side-effects are observed. The total dose should be as high as 450-550 mg. Adjuvant antiestrogen treatment (tamoxifen) should be given to pre- and menopausal patients.

[Use of "split" courses of combination chemotherapy in breast cancer]. / Primenenie "rasshcheplennykh" kursov polikhimioterapii u bol'nykh rakom molochnoi zhelezy.

The results of treatment of 110 out-patients with breast metastases, using various repeated schemes of chemotherapy, are discussed. The results and recommendations may be integrated with the procedures of selection of schemes of breast metastasis treatment. Good tolerance, virtual absence of side--effects and complications (e. g. persistent leukopenia) were observed. Integration of the new scheme with antibiotic treatment (carminomycin and adriamycin) is suggested.

[Comprehensive prophylactic examinations of women for the detection of early forms of breast cancer]. / Kompleksnye profilakticheskie obsledovaniia zhenshchin dlia vyiavleniia rannikh form raka molochnoi zhelezy.

Under examination were 2699 females over 30 years of age having no complaints of the mammary gland induration. The following diagnostic tests were used: 1) clinical; 2) thermography of mammary glands; 3) mammography in two projections. Breast cancer was revealed in 12 females (in 4.4 per 1,000 persons under examination). The clinical method solely revealed mammary gland cancer in 0.14%, thermography--in 0.28%, mammography-in 0.57%. A two-step examination, when persons suspected of breast pathology being preliminary identified, enabled the recognition of breast cancer in 2.97% (29.7 per 1,000 examined subjects). 41.6 per cent of the detected tumors proved to be lobar carcinoma in situ, 33 per cent--microfoci of scirrhous and solid cancer. The conclusion is drawn on somewhat limited opportunities of thermography as a screening method due to very frequent pseudopositive diagnoses.