BMP2 rs1005464 is associated with mandibular condyle size variation.

This study aimed to evaluate the association between single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in endochondral development-related genes and mandibular condyle shape, size, volume, and symmetry traits. Cone-beam Computed Tomographies and genomic DNA from 118 individuals were evaluated (age range: 15-66 years). Data from twelve 3D landmarks on mandibular condyles were submitted to morphometric analyses including Procrustes fit, principal component analysis, and estimation of centroid sizes and fluctuating asymmetry scores. Condylar volumes were additionally measured. Seven SNPs across BMP2, BMP4, RUNX2 and SMAD6 were genotyped. Linear models were fit to evaluate the effect of the SNPs on the mandibular condyles' quantitative traits. Only the association between BMP2 rs1005464 and centroid size remained significant after adjusting to account for the false discovery rate due to multiple testing. Individuals carrying at least one A allele for this SNP showed larger condylar size than common homozygotes GG (ß = 0.043; 95% CI: 0.014-0.071; P value = 0.028). The model including BMP2 rs1005464, age and sex of the participants explained 17% of the variation in condylar size. Shape, volume, and symmetry were not associated with the evaluated SNPs. These results suggest that BMP2 rs1005464 might be associated with variation in the mandibular condyles size.

Non-syndromic supernumerary teeth and association with a self-reported family history of cancer.

BACKGROUND: Supernumerary teeth are an alteration of dental developmental and result in the formation of teeth above the usual number. Epidemiologic studies suggested that patients with dentofacial anomalies and their family members may present an increased risk of developing cancer, including female breast cancer and gynecologic cancers. These observations indicate that genetic alterations that result in dental anomalies may be related to cancer development. Thus, the aim of the present study was to evaluate the association between supernumerary teeth and a family history of female breast cancer and gynecologic cancers. METHODS: The diagnosis of supernumerary teeth was based on clinical and radiographic examinations. For data collection, a questionnaire asking for information regarding ethnicity, age, gender, and self-reported family history of cancer up to the second generation was used. Statistical analysis was performed using the Χ2 test and Fisher's exact test with an established α of 5%. RESULTS: A total of 344 patients were included; 47 of them had one or more non-syndromic supernumerary teeth (not associated with any syndrome or cleft lip and palate) and 297 were control patients. Age, ethnicity, and gender distribution were not statistically different between the group with supernumerary teeth and the control group (p > 0.05). The supernumerary teeth were most commonly observed in the incisors area. Breast cancer (n = 17) was the most commonly self-reported type of cancer, followed by uterine cervical (n = 10), endometrial (n = 2), and ovarian (n = 1) cancers. Endometrial cancer was significantly associated with the diagnosis of supernumerary teeth (p = 0.017). CONCLUSION: This study suggests that patients with supernumerary teeth possess a higher risk of having family members with endometrial cancer.

Impact of New Complete Dentures on Oral Health-Related Quality of Life: A 12-Month Follow-up.

PURPOSE: To assess oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) in edentulous subjects before and after 3, 6, 9, and 12 months of oral rehabilitation with conventional complete dentures (CDs) and to compare their OHRQoL to dentate subjects. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 148 subjects were selected and divided into three groups: G1 = edentulous in maxillary arch (n = 68, mean age = 61.37 ± 8.91 years); G2 = completely edentulous (n = 50, mean age = 65.14 ± 8.91 years); and G3 = control group (dentate, n = 30, mean age = 60.03 ± 6.88 years). OHRQoL was assessed using the Brazilian version of the Oral Health Impact Profile-Edentulous (OHIP-EDENT) questionnaire at four different times: baseline (pretreatment) and 3, 6, 9, and 12 months after oral rehabilitation with a new CD. The data showed nonparametric distribution and were submitted to Kruskal-Wallis test (± = .05). RESULTS: The impact of OHRQoL was higher for the edentulous groups compared to the control group at baseline (P < .05). Treatment significantly improved OHRQoL after 3 months of prosthesis use, and this effect was maintained during all 12 months of evaluation (P > .05). CONCLUSION: Oral rehabilitation with conventional CDs in one or both arches improved OHRQoL in edentulous patients after 3 months of prosthesis use, and its effect was maintained for up to 12 months.

Global prevalence of dental caries in athletes with intellectual disabilities: An epidemiological systematic review and meta-analysis.

AIMS: This study aimed to perform an epidemiological systematic review and meta-analysis to estimate the global prevalence of dental caries in athletes with intellectual disabilities. METHODS AND RESULTS: This study was registered in PROSPERO (CRD42017068127). A systematic and extensive search was conducted in the Pubmed, Scopus, Web of Science, Virtual Health Library (Lilacs) databases, and Grey literature from inception up to April 2017. The MeSH terms "Sports," Athletes," and "Dental Caries" were used. The inclusion criteria used were observational cross-sectional studies, longitudinal retrospective and prospective studies that present the prevalence of dental caries in athletes with intellectual disabilities. After the selection process, the risk of bias was assessed and a meta-analysis was conducted. Sixteen articles met the inclusion criteria. Of these, eight studies were considered to have a moderate risk of bias, and eight were considered to have high risk of bias. The global prevalence of dental caries was 36.5% (95% CI = 30.6 to 42.7) with high heterogeneity between studies. CONCLUSION: Dental caries is a significant global health problem in athletes with intellectual disabilities worldwide. There is a great need for increased oral health promotion, education, and prevention as a way to reduce this condition in this population.

Does dental agenesis have an impact on OHRQoL of children, adolescents and young adults? A systematic review.

Dental agenesis (DA) is defined as the congenital absence of teeth and is considered as the most common dental anomaly. It may cause speech and masticatory dysfunctions as well as esthetic problems. Its impact on oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) is not fully understood. The aim of the study was to assess whether DA affects OHRQoL of children, adolescents and young adults. A broad search was done on databases (Pubmed, Scopus, Web of Science and Virtual Health Library) using Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) and free terms. Eligibility criteria for article selection were predetermined and were classified according to quality assessment and risk of bias. The electronic search produced 178 titles and abstracts. After excluding duplicate abstracts and applying the eligibility criteria, three articles were assessed for the final qualitative synthesis. The three articles were classified as moderate quality and present risk of bias. No articles were found that had evaluated children and young adults. From the three articles that were selected, only one was found to have a greater impact in the adolescent agenesis group with statistical differences in all domains. There is insufficient evidence available to conclude if DA affects OHRQoL of children, adolescents and young adults.