Effect of peri-implant disease on oral health-related quality of life in geriatric patients.

OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to evaluate the effect of peri-implant disease on the quality of life in geriatric patients using implant-supported overdentures. BACKGROUND: Peri-implant disease and bone loss are two main complications of dental implant treatment that can impact the quality of life in the geriatric population. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This cross-sectional study included 109 geriatric individuals treated in the prosthodontics and periodontology departments. On clinical examination, periodontal pocket depth, gingival index (GI) and plaque index (PIn) were measured to determine peri-implant status. Marginal bone loss was measured by radiological examination, using ImageJ software. Moreover, the Oral Healthy Impact Profile-14 (OHIP-14) questionnaire was used to evaluate participants' perceived oral health-related quality of life. RESULTS: Peri-implantitis (PI) and peri-implant mucositis (PM) prevalence were 30% and 24%, respectively. Only 44% of patients had healthy implants. Although total OHIP-14 scores were higher in the PI group than in the healthy and PM groups, this difference was not statistically significant (P = .148). Total OHIP-14 score was significantly correlated with PIn and GI. CONCLUSIONS: Within the limitations of this study, it can be said that on quality of life in patients using implant-supported overdenture related to clinical parameters such as PIn and GI. Results also indicated that geriatric patients should take action to improve their oral health. Further longitudinal studies are needed to support our results and should include control groups that use conventional removable dentures.

Efficacy of Various Pretreatments on the Bond Strength of Denture Teeth to Denture Base Resins.

OBJECTIVE: This in vitro study evaluated the shear bond strength (SBS) of heat-cured denture base resin (PMMA) to acrylic resin teeth treated with different pretreatments, especially laser irradiation of different powers (1-4 W). MATERIALS AND METHODS: The acrylic resin teeth were separated into seven groups (n = 10) for the following different pretreatments: control group (no surface treatment) (G1), grinding with a tungsten carbide bur (G2), sandblasting (G3), and erbium, chromium: yttrium, scandium, gallium, garnet (Er,Cr:YSGG) laser irradiation at 1 W, 2 W, 3 W, 4 W output powers in (G4-7), respectively. Test specimens were produced according to the PMMA manufacturers' instructions and were subjected to a SBS test at a crosshead speed of 1 mm/min until fracture. Debonded surfaces were evaluated by a stereomicroscope for the type of failure. SEM (scanning electron microscope) analyses were done to estimate the surface changes of the acrylic resin teeth. The data were submitted using a one-way ANOVA and post hoc Tukey-Kramer multiple comparison tests (p = 0.05). RESULTS: The highest bond strength was obtained in G3, and similar SBS values were considered in other groups, and no significant differences were found among the surface treatments and the control group (p < 0.05). All groups had a high percentage of adhesive failures. CONCLUSIONS: Laser irradiations promote surface topography alterations. However laser irradiation of the adhesive surface was found ineffective. The SBS of acrylic resin teeth to a PMMA denture base material is independent of the surface pretreatments Er,Cr:YSGG laser irradiation, sandblasting, and grinding with a carbide bur. All the surface treatments provided a similar bond between the acrylic denture base and the teeth.

The potential etiologic factors influencing tinnitus intensity in patients with temporomandibular disorders.

OBJECTIVES: To investigate the potential relationships between the intensity of tinnitus associated with temporomandibular disorders (TMD) and potential etiologic factors, including age, gender, freeway space, sleep bruxism (SB), joint clicking, and headache. METHODS: The sample was comprised of 90 patients without any hearing loss, as confirmed by otorhinolaryngology, who self-reported subjective tinnitus and simultaneous TMD, based on the Research Diagnostic Criteria for TMD (RDC/TMD). RESULTS: The results showed a positive, weak correlation between the intensity of tinnitus and age (r = 0.225, p = 0.033). The presence of SB and headache were seen in higher proportions in the present sample, at 75.5% (n = 68) and 66.6% (n = 60), respectively. CONCLUSIONS: In a population of patients with subjective tinnitus and TMD, no significant associations were found between tinnitus intensity and age, freeway space, SB, clicking presence, and headache, though gender did show a weak correlation with tinnitus intensity.

Efficacy of Low-Level Laser Therapy in Subjective Tinnitus Patients with Temporomandibular Disorders.

OBJECTIVE AND BACKGROUND: Tinnitus is an apparent sound, perceived in the ear with no stimulus. It has been described as a sound originating from the brain. It affects 17% of the general population. Etiological factors for tinnitus include temporomandibular joint disorders (TMJ, TMD) and Costen's syndrome. The aim of treatment is to eliminate the tinnitus or at least decrease its apparent volume. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In total, 46 patients referred to our department with bilateral subjective tinnitus with TMDs were selected for this study. Low-level laser therapy (LLLT) with an neodymium-doped yttrium aluminum garnet (Nd:YAG) (1064 nm) laser, LLLT with a diode laser (810 nm), and placebo treatment were applied to the patients. There were 15 patients each in the Nd:YAG and placebo groups and 16 patients in the 810 nm diode laser group. LLLT was applied for 10 days, once per day. A visual analog scale (VAS) was used, with values between 0 and 10. VAS scores were recorded before treatment, on the last day of treatment, and 1 month after treatment. The VAS scores were the same on the last day of treatment and 1 month after treatment. The VAS scores before treatment and at 1 month after treatment were compared in a statistical analysis. RESULTS: There were statistically significant differences in the Nd:YAG laser (p = 0.001) and 810 nm diode laser groups (p = 0.005), but no difference in the placebo group (p = 0.065). CONCLUSIONS: Both the Nd:YAG and 810 nm diode lasers were effective for the treatment of subjective tinnitus related to TMDs.

Shear bond strength of indirect composite material to monolithic zirconia.

PURPOSE: This study aimed to evaluate the effect of surface treatments on bond strength of indirect composite material (Tescera Indirect Composite System) to monolithic zirconia (inCoris TZI). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Partially stabilized monolithic zirconia blocks were cut into with 2.0 mm thickness. Sintered zirconia specimens were divided into different surface treatment groups: no treatment (control), sandblasting, glaze layer & hydrofluoric acid application, and sandblasting + glaze layer & hydrofluoric acid application. The indirect composite material was applied to the surface of the monolithic zirconia specimens. Shear bond strength value of each specimen was evaluated after thermocycling. The fractured surface of each specimen was examined with a stereomicroscope and a scanning electron microscope to assess the failure types. The data were analyzed using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Tukey LSD tests (α=.05). RESULTS: Bond strength was significantly lower in untreated specimens than in sandblasted specimens (P<.05). No difference between the glaze layer and hydrofluoric acid application treated groups were observed. However, bond strength for these groups were significantly higher as compared with the other two groups (P<.05). CONCLUSION: Combined use of glaze layer & hydrofluoric acid application and silanization are reliable for strong and durable bonding between indirect composite material and monolithic zirconia.

Simultaneous Retrieval of Root Fragment, Sinus Lifting With Particulated Bone Graft, and Immediate Dental Implant Insertion.

The aim of these 3 patient reports is to demonstrate a new technique for the reconstruction of the posterior maxilla in patient of a displaced root fragment. The retrieval of root fragments, sinus floor augmentation procedures with a particulated graft, and an implant insertion were performed in the same operation. A simultaneous oro-antral communication was also repaired in 2 patients. Sinus membrane elevations and retrieval of a root fragment via the lateral wall sinus approach were also performed. After repairing a membrane perforation with a particulated graft, an immediate implant insertion was done. An average period of 41 months of clinical and radiographic follow-up revealed a healthy maxillary sinus and a functional implant in the tooth area.

An Analysis of Surgical Treatment Results of Patients With Tympanosclerosis.

OBJECTIVE: The authors aimed to evaluate the intraoperative features and the results of postoperative hearing gain successes of patients with tympanosclerosis who were treated surgically in our clinic. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A retrospective analysis was conducted on 151 ears with tympanosclerosis of 138 patients who operated because of chronic otitis media or only tympanosclerosis, between January 2007 and June 2014. They were evaluated by appealing complain, complain duration, accompanying systemic disorders, tympanic membrane condition, localization of sclerotic plaque, damage in ossicular chain, existence of cholesteatoma, operation procedure type, hearing reconstruction type, preoperative, and last postoperative audiometric findings in every frequency both bone and air way. RESULTS: In the group of Wielinga-Kerr Group 3 (isolated stapes fixation), no statistically significant results were found in preoperative and last postoperative audiometric findings in every frequency both bone and air conduction (BC and AC) (P > 0.05). In the Wielinga-Kerr Group some results had significant (P < 0.05) and some results had highly significant (P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Patients with less impact on ossicular chain and limited localization of sclerotic plaques have better hearing gain. Although surgery is still controversial in tympanosclerosis; it is the most effective treatment till new effective medication is discovered.

Effect of Different Contact Materials on Approximal Caries Detection by Laser Fluorescence and Light-Emitting Diode Devices.

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this in vitro study was to investigate the influence of the adjacent tooth surface on pen type laser fluorescence (LFpen) and light-emitting diode (LED) device readings in detecting approximal caries lesions in permanent teeth. BACKGROUND DATA: Early detection of noncavitated dental caries is important, because disease progression can be easily halted at this stage with certain applications, such as fluoride therapy, antibacterial therapy, dietary changes, or low-intensity laser irradiation. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 87 permanent molars with 156 approximal surfaces were assessed with LED- and LF-based devices in contact with sound tooth surfaces (the control group) as well as approximal amalgam, composite, zirconia, and full ceramic restorations. All teeth were assessed once by one trained examiner. After the LF and LED assessments, the teeth were histologically evaluated using stereomicroscopy as the gold standard. The sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, and area under the receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curve were calculated according to the appropriate thresholds (T1, sound surface or enamel caries; T2, dentin caries). RESULTS: For the LFpen device, higher sensitivity and accuracy was found when the adjacent surface was sound at the T1 threshold and no significant differences were found among accuracy at the T2 threshold. For the LED-based device, no significant differences were found among sensitivities at the T1 threshold. At the T2 threshold, specificity was higher when the adjacent tooth had a zirconia restoration. CONCLUSIONS: It was found that both devices could be used effectively for evaluating approximal surfaces with adjacent restored teeth, regardless of the different kinds of restorative materials.

Dual-source computed tomography may define cardiac contusion in patients with blunt chest trauma in ED.

We report a 20-year-old woman with blunt chest trauma because of a motor vehicle injury who has traumatic asphyxia and hypotension. The diagnosis of blunt cardiac injury was put by using dual-energy computed tomography in the emergency department because other laboratory and imaging modalities were useless. After hospitalization in intensive care unit, she was treated with supportive and antiedema therapy. The patient was extubated on the fifth day and discharged on the ninth day without any sequel. Coexistence of traumatic asphyxia with blunt cardiac injury is rare. Several imaging techniques such as transthoracic and transesophageal echocardiography, contrast-enhanced multislice thorax computed tomography or initial electrocardiogram, and troponin I levels are used to detect the myocardial damage, but diagnostic capability is low. Dual-energy computed tomography is a promising new technology with the ability of defining blunt cardiac injuries and may have an indication in the emergency setting in patients with hemodynamic instability to rule in traumatic cardiac complications especially when electrocardiogram and transthoracic echocardiography are useless in the emergency department.

Ethmoid roof radiology; analysis of lateral lamella of cribriform plate.

OBJECTIVE: We evaluated the extent of asymmetry evident in paranasal sinus computed tomography (CT) scans of Turkish patients without sinusitis in the ethmoid roof. Our data contribute to the body of knowledge on the subject. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We retrospectively studied multiplanar reformatted CT images of the paranasal sinus (1-mm sections) from 110 patients (50 male, 60 female). Ethmoid roof variations on either side were compared and the lateral lamellar length of the cribriform plate was measured. The results were scored using the Keros classification. RESULTS: The lateral lamella of the cribriform plate averaged 5.78 mm in height on the right side and 5.98 mm on the left. The most common Keros type was type 2 (67.72%), followed by type 3 (22.28%), and type 1 (10%). Keros asymmetry (≥ 0.01 mm, affecting either side) was apparent in all patients (48.2% right-sided and 51.8% left-sided). RESULTS: Preoperatively, paranasal sinus CT scans should be evaluated carefully to eliminate the possibility of life-threatening complications, including intracranial trauma, which may develop during endoscopic sinus surgery; the left and right sides of the ethmoid roof may differ in depth.

Investigation of the functional single-nucleotide polymorphisms in the BCRP transporter and susceptibility to colorectal cancer.

Breast cancer resistance protein (BCRP) protects tissues by actively transporting xenobiotics and their metabolites out of the cells. BCRP is expressed in the apical membrane of normal intestinal and colonic epithelium. The BCRP substrates include a number of structurally unrelated compounds, such as drugs, pesticides, carcinogens and endogenous compounds. Although the functional and common BCRP alleles, 34G>A and 421C>A, are shown to vary by ethnicity, their potential mechanism has not been adequately described with regards to affecting the susceptibility to colorectal cancer. The present study aimed to evaluate the effects of the BCRP variants on the susceptibility to colorectal cancer and to predict the individual responses to xenobiotics transferred by BCRP. BCRP 421C>A was significantly associated with the colorectal cancer risk (odds ratio, 16.12; P=0.005). These findings are the first results of BCRP allele distributions in the Turkish population and provide an understanding of the correlation between therapeutic approaches and etiology of colorectal cancer.

Paranasal sinus mucoceles: our clinical experiments.

OBJECTIVES: We present the clinical and radiological features, treatment protocols, and medium-long-term results of our patients following surgery for paranasal sinus mucocele, along with a review of the relevant literature. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 18 patients (11 women and 7 men) who underwent surgery for paranasal sinus mucocele at Kocaeli University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Otolaryngology, between 2006 and 2013 were examined retrospectively. The mean patient age was 41 (range 4-73). Demographic and radiological features, symptoms, treatment protocols, and postoperative outcomes were recorded. RESULTS: The most frequently affected sinus was the maxillary sinus (n=9, 50%) followed by the frontal sinus (n=6, 33%) and sphenoidal sinus (n=3, 16%). The main symptom was headache. Endoscopic marsupialization of the mucocele was applied in all 18 patients, while frontal sinus exploration with the osteoplastic flap procedure was performed in one patient and the Caldwell-Luc operation was performed in another patient. The Caldwell-Luc procedure was subsequently required in one patient (6%) and endoscopic revision surgery was required in another patient (6%). CONCLUSION: Sinus mucocele that enlarges, eroding the surrounding bone tissue, and induces various clinical symptoms due to the impression of the expansile mass, is treated surgically, and must be planned carefully to prevent serious complications.

Effectiveness of occlusal splints and low-level laser therapy on myofascial pain.

The present study was designed to evaluate the effects of low-level laser (Nd:YAG) therapy and occlusal splints in patients with signs and symptoms of temporomandibular disorders (TMD) characterized with myofascial pain (MP). A total of 30 patients were selected after being diagnosed with MP according to the Research Diagnostic Criteria for Temporomandibular Disorders (RDC/TDM). The patients were divided into three groups. The first group was occlusal splint (OS) group A (n = 10), the second was low-level laser therapy (LLLT) group B (n = 10), and the last group C was placebo (n = 10). LLLT (1,064 nm, 8 j/cm(2), 250 mW, Fotona) was applied to the patients in the study group once a day for 10 days, for a total of ten sessions. The same parameters and application times were used for placebo group, but the patients were not irradiated. The application was on the trigger points. The patients in the OS group were instructed to wear occlusal splints 12 h/day for 3 weeks. Functional examination was based on RDC/TDM, and pressure pain values were obtained with the Visual Analog Scale. Comparisons were made between the groups before and after the treatment according to Wilcoxon, Mann-Whitney U, and Kruskal-Wallis tests. The pain score values decreased significantly after both LLLT (p < 0.05) and occlusal splint therapy (p < 0.05) compared to placebo group (p < 0.05). There was no significant difference between LLLT and OS groups after treatment (p > 0.05). OS and LLLT are effective for decreasing MP. In addition, this particular type of LLLT is as effective as occlusal splint for pain relief.

Angiokeratoma of the nasal vestibule: a case report.

Angiokeratomas are benign mucocutaneous lesions which are composed of enlarged veins in the dermis of the skin. Although angiokeratomas may be part of a systemic disease, it is important to distinguish them from other vascular lesions. In this report, we present a rare case of angiokeratoma of the nasal vestibule. To our knowledge, this is the first nasal angiokeratoma case in the literature. The diagnostic and treatment features of this case and the association of angiokeratoma with systemic diseases like Fabry disease were discussed.

Possible protective effect of sertraline against cisplatin-induced ototoxicity: an experimental study.

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVE: Cisplatin is a widely used chemotherapeutic agent, but its ototoxicity side effect can occur in the majority of patients. Lots of agents were tried to prevent this, but there is not a routine treatment modality yet. The aim of this study was to evaluate the otoprotective effect of sertraline, which is an antidepressant with neuroprotective effects, against cisplatin, in rats. DESIGN: Experimental animal study. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Forty-eight rats were randomly separated in two groups as groups I and II. Group I was identified as the control group and only a single dose of intraperitoneal cisplatin was administered. In group II, in addition to cisplatin, sertraline was administered to the rats through an oral cannula for ten-day period. Distortion product otoacoustic emission measurements were performed at the first day and the 10th day. RESULTS: When the ototoxicity rates after cisplatin in group I and group II in distortion product otoacoustic emission measurements were compared, it was statistically significantly lower in group II in frequencies of 5652, 6165, 6726, 7336, and 7996 Hz (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: Sertraline seems to have a protective effect on cisplatin ototoxicity and could be used to prevent the ototoxicity and also to treat the depression that occurred in cancer patients together.