RESUMO
Este trabalho teve como objetivo, avaliar a prevalência no diagnóstico de dermatófitos durante o período de janeiro de 2007 à junho de 2008 no setor de micologia em hospital particular de médio porte, na cidade de Chapecó, oeste do estado de Santa Catarina. Foram coletadas 111 amostras, das quais 66 (59%) apresentaram positividade pelo exame direto e cultivo da amostra biológica. Trichophyton mentagrophytes foi o fungo isolado com maior freqüência (52%), seguido pelo dermatófito T. rubrum (17%), em contrapartida dos dados literários no sul do Brasil, que preconizam T. rubrum, seguido de Microsporum canis e do T. mentagrophytes como agentes mais comumente isolados. Considerando os sítios anatômicos analisados neste trabalho, a ocorrência foi observada em 47% em amostras de unha, 43% de pele, 7% outros e 3% mistos (pele/unha). Esse estudo evidencia a importância da recorrente análise do perfil epidemiológico dos dermatófitos nas diferentes regiões do Brasil, possibilitando uma correta conduta epidemiológica de prevenção, baseada na freqüência regional das espécies causadoras das dermatomicoses.
The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of dermatophytes diagnosed, from January 2007 to June 2008, at the clinical mycology section of a private medium-sized hospital, in Chapecó city (Santa Catarina state, Brazil). Out of the 111 samples collected, 66 (59%) gave positive results in the direct examination and culture of the biological sample. Trichophyton mentagrophytes was the most frequently isolated species (52%), followed by T. rubrum (17%), contradicting the published data on southern Brazil, which identify T. rubrum as the commonest agent in clinical specimens, followed by Microsporum canis and T. mentagrophytes. Regarding the anatomical sites from which the isolates were taken, 47% were found in nail samples, 43% in skin, 7% at other sites and 3% mixed (skin/nail). This study highlights the importance of regularly analyzing the epidemiological profile of dermatophytes in each region of Brazil, to enable epidemiological prevention to be carried out effectively, based on the frequencies of the species causing dermatomycoses in the regional population.
Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Criança , Adolescente , Adulto , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Arthrodermataceae , Dermatomicoses , Serviços Técnicos Hospitalares , TrichophytonRESUMO
Neuroleptic induced akathisia is a common and distressful extrapyramidal side effect of antipsychotic treatment. A significant proportion of the variability of its development has been left unexplained and has to be attributed to individual susceptibility. Since hereditary factors have been discussed in the etiology of acute akathisia (AA), part of the individual susceptibility might be of genetic origin. Moreover, AA is regarded as a forerunner of tardive dyskinesia, a drug-induced chronic movement disorder, which may be associated with homozygosity for the Ser9Gly variant of the DRD3 gene. Considering expression studies, which demonstrated functional variants of DRD3 polymorphisms, we investigated whether homozygosity for the Ser9Gly variant of the DRD3 gene is associated with AA. Homozygosity for the Ser9Gly variant of the DRD3 gene was connected to an 88% incidence of AA as compared with a considerably lower 46.9% incidence of AA in schizophrenic patients nonhomozygous for the 2-2 allele (exact P = 0.0223). Am. J. Med. Genet. (Neuropsychiatr. Genet.) 96:187-191, 2000.
Assuntos
Acatisia Induzida por Medicamentos/genética , Discinesias/genética , Variação Genética/genética , Receptores de Dopamina D2/genética , Esquizofrenia/genética , Doença Aguda , Acatisia Induzida por Medicamentos/etiologia , Substituição de Aminoácidos , Antipsicóticos/efeitos adversos , Antipsicóticos/uso terapêutico , Discinesias/etiologia , Feminino , Regulação da Expressão Gênica/efeitos dos fármacos , Regulação da Expressão Gênica/genética , Alemanha , Haloperidol/efeitos adversos , Haloperidol/uso terapêutico , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Polimorfismo Genético/genética , Receptores de Dopamina D3 , Esquizofrenia/tratamento farmacológicoRESUMO
hSKCa3 is a neuronal small conductance calcium-activated potassium channel, which contains a polyglutamine tract, encoded by a polymorphic CAG repeat in the gene. Since an association between longer alleles of this CAG repeat and bipolar disorder or schizophrenia has been reported, we genotyped the polymorphic CAG repeat in 91 German family trios of patients with bipolar disorder I and used the transmission disequilibrium test (TDT) to test for association. Applying a dichotomized model (< or = 19 or > 19 CAG triplets), we found no evidence for an association of longer alleles with bipolar disorder (TDT = 0.75, P = 0.386). Regarding the whole range of alleles, there was no preference in transmitting the larger of the two observed alleles from parents to the affected offspring. In parallel we performed an independent case-control study on German patients with bipolar disorder and schizophrenia. Again we did not detect an overrepresentation of longer CAG repeats in patients. Thus, our data do not support the hypothesis that longer CAG repeats in the hSkCa3 gene contribute to the susceptibility for bipolar disorder and schizophrenia.
