Boas práticas higiênico-sanitárias na rotina antropométrica na (pós-) pandemia da COVID-19 / Good hygienic-sanitary practices in anthropometric routine in the (post-) COVID-19 pandemic

resumo A pandemia da COVID-19 afetou diversas atividades humanas, tais como práticas de medições antropométricas, desde o campo clínico e de pesquisa até o campo do ensino. Dada a falta de vacinas e/ou medicamentos eficazes contra a COVID-19, a Organização Mundial da Saúde (OMS) recomendou medidas de prevenção e enfrentamento da doença. Essas recomendações foram posteriormente endossadas pela Sociedade Internacional para o Avanço da Cineantropometria/ International Society for the Advancement of Kinanthropometry (ISAK), com adaptações às rotinas antropométricas, que complementamos para aplicação abrangente nos diversos segmentos de atuação da antropometria. Este ponto de vista visa enfatizar e contribuir às considerações de segurança das rotinas antropométricas em um mundo pós-COVID-19. Entende-se aqui que o protocolo de biossegurança apresentado neste ponto de vista para retorno e continuidade das atividades antropométricas, no mundo inteiro, independentemente da formação/ capacitação/ atuação profissional, no que diz respeito à vida e às comunidades, também pode ter aplicação recorrente no combate a outros patógenos respiratórios semelhantes para se transformarem em pandemias no futuro. Sugere-se o desenvolvimento de vídeos demonstrativos das recomendações deste ponto de vista para reforçar as boas práticas higiênico-sanitárias a serem adotadas pelos profissionais da antropometria na realização das medições do corpo humano.

abstract The COVID-19 pandemic has affected several human activities such as anthropometrics measures practices, from the clinical and research fields to the teaching field. Given the lack of effective vaccines and/or drugs against COVID-19, the World Health Organization (WHO) has recommended taking measures to prevent and cope with the disease. These recommendations were subsequently endorsed by the International Society for the Advancement of Kinanthropometry (ISAK), with adaptations to anthropometric routines, which were made to enable comprehensive application in several anthropometry segments. This point of view aims to emphasize and contribute to security considerations about anthropometric routines in the post-COVID-19 world. It is herein understood that the biosafety protocol presented under this point of view to enable the return and continuation of anthropometric activities, worldwide, regardless of professional training/ qualification/ performance, with respect to life and communities, may also have recurring application to fight other respiratory pathogens with similar potential to turn into pandemics in the future. Demonstrative videos presenting these recommendations, based on this point of view, should be developed to help reinforcing the good hygienic-sanitary practices to be adopted by anthropometry professionals who carry out human body measurements.

Thermoregulation of competitive artistic gymnastic athletes and non-athlete girls exercising in the heat / Termorregulação em atletas de ginástica artística e meninas não-atletas durante exercício no calor

Abstract It’s unclear whether the combination of intense, chronic training and heat exposure during prepubescence improves thermoregulatory responses to exercise in artistic gymnastics athletes. The objective of this study was to compare thermoregulatory and perceptual responses between artistic gymnastics athletes and non-athlete girls while exercising both in heat and thermoneutral conditions. Seven athletes (8.7 ± 1.3 yrs) and 7 nonathletes (9.4 ± 1.5 yrs) cycled for 30 min at load (W) of ~55% VO2peak, on two separate occasions in a randomized order: heat (35˚C, 40% relative humidity) and thermoneutral conditions (24˚C, 50% relative humidity). Rectal temperature, heart rate, rate of perceived exertion, thermal sensation, thermal comfort and irritability were measured throughout the exercise. Initial rectal temperature was similar between athletes and non-athletes in both heat (37.2 ± 0.4 vs. 37.4 ± 0.2˚C, respectively) and thermoneutral conditions (37.3 ± 0.2 vs. 37.3 ± 0.3˚C). Final rectal temperature was similar between groups (38.0 ± 0.2 vs. 38.2 ± 0.2˚C in heat and 37.8 ± 0.2 vs. 37.9 ± 0.2˚C in thermoneutral conditions). Initial heart rate was lower in athletes in the heat (76 ± 7 vs. 91 ± 11 bpm, P = 0.01); however, throughout cycling, it became similar between groups. Athletes reported similar perceptual responses compared to non-athletes, with the exception of higher thermal comfort in the 10th minute of exercise in thermoneutral conditions (P = 0.003). It was concluded that athletes were similar to non-athletes with respect to thermoregulatory and perceptual responses during 30 min of cycling at similar relative intensities.

Resumo Não está claro se a combinação de treinamento crônico intenso e a exposição ao calor durante a pré-adolescência melhoram as respostas termorregulatórias ao exercício em atletas de ginástica artística (GA). Objetivou-se comparar as respostas termorregulatórias e perceptivas entre atletas de GA e não-atletas durante uma sessão de exercício nas condições de calor (CC) e termoneutra (CT). Sete atletas (8,7 ± 1,3 anos) e 7 não-atletas (9,4 ± 1,5 anos) pedalaram por 30 minutos com carga (W) referente ~55% VO2pico, em CC (35˚C e 40% umidade relativa) e CT (24˚C e 50% umidade relativa). A temperatura retal (Tre), frequência cardíaca (FC), taxa de percepção de esforço, sensação e conforto térmico e irritabilidade foram medidas durante o exercício. Tre inicial foi similar entre atletas e não-atletas em CC (37,2 ± 0,4 vs. 37,4 ± 0.2˚C, respectivamente) e CT (37,3 ± 0,2 vs. 37,3 ± 0.3˚C). Tre final foi similar entre os grupos (38,0 ± 0,2 vs. 38,2 ± 0.2˚C na CC; e 37,8 ± 0,2 vs. 37,9 ± 0.2˚C na CT). FC inicial foi menor nas atletas na CC (76 ± 7 vs. 91 ± 11 bpm, P = 0,01). No entanto, ao longo das pedaladas, foi similar em ambos os grupos. As respostas perceptivas foram similares entre os grupos, com exceção ao maior conforto térmico das atletas aos 10 minutos de pedalada (P= 0,003). As atletas de GA apresentaram respostas termorregulatórias similares as não-atletas durante 30 minutos de pedalada em similar intensidade relativa nas CC e CT.

Responses of obese and lean girls exercising under heat and thermoneutral conditions.

OBJECTIVE: To compare thermoregulatory and perceptual responses between lean and obese girls during and after exercise under heat (HC) and thermoneutral (TC) conditions. STUDY DESIGN: In a randomized order, 27 girls (14 lean [16.6 ± 6.7% fat and 9.1 ± 1.3 years] and 13 obese [41.3 ± 6.7% fat and 9.4 ± 1.1 years]) cycled 30 minutes at ~55% peak oxygen uptake in 2 sessions, which only differed in the thermal conditions (35 °C and 40% relative humidity vs 24 °C and 50% relative humidity). RESULTS: Initial rectal temperature (T(re)) was higher in obese versus lean during HC (37.5 ± 0.3 °C vs 37.3 ± 0.3 °C, P = .03) and TC (37.6 ± 0.3 °C vs 37.3 ± 0.2 °C; P = .03) sessions. During cycling, Tre remained higher in the obese, but the rate of increase was greater in the lean. This change occurred mainly in the HC, when final Tre of the lean surpassed that of the obese (37.8 ± 0.2 vs 38.0 ± 0.2 °C, P = .04). Sweat volume (in mL · m(-2)) was similar between lean and obese in the HC (167 ± 119 and 120 ± 145) and TC (200 ± 196 vs 72 ± 20). Heart rate, rate of perceived exertion, and thermal sensation were similar between groups, independent of the thermal condition. Cycling in HC produced decreased thermal comfort (P = .009) and increased irritation (P = .02) within the lean girls. CONCLUSION: Thermoregulatory and perceptual responses of prepubescent obese girls during 30 minutes of cycling at a similar relative intensity do not seem to be impaired when comparing with a lean group either in TC or HC.