Photobiomodulation and glass ionomer sealant as complementary treatment for hypersensitivity in molar incisor hypomineralisation in children: protocol for a blinded randomised clinical trial.

INTRODUCTION: Photobiomodulation has been widely used as a complementary treatment for dentin hypersensitivity, with reports of clinical success. However, the literature offers only one study, in which photobiomodulation was used for the treatment of sensitivity in molars with molar incisor hypomineralisation (MIH). The aim of the proposed study is to determine whether photobiomodulation enhances the results of treatment with glass ionomer sealant on molars with MIH that present sensitivity. METHODS AND ANALYSIS: The study involves 50 patients from 6 to 12 years of age that will be randomly allocated in two groups. Group 1 (control group) (n=25): toothpaste with a concentration of fluoride ≤1000 ppm two times a day, glass ionomer sealant and sham low-level laser (LLL) and group 2 (n=25): toothpaste with a concentration of fluoride ≤1000 ppm two times a day, glass ionomer sealant and active LLL. The evaluations will involve MIH record, Simplified Oral Hygiene Index (OHI), Schiff Cold Air Sensitivity Scale (SCASS) and visual analogue scale (VAS) before the procedure. Immediately after the procedure, the hypersensitivity index (SCASS/VAS) will be registered. Records of OHI and SCASS/VAS will be registered after 48 hours as well as 1 month after the procedure. The persistence of the sealant will also be registered. It is expected that by the second consultation, a decrease in sensitivity will be observed due to the treatments received in the two groups. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION: This protocol has been approved by the local medical ethical committee (certificate: CEUCU 220516). The findings will be published in a peer-reviewed journal. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: NCT05370417.

Evaluation of intravascular irradiation of blood in children with sleep bruxism: Study protocol for a randomized controlled clinical trial.

BACKGROUND: The objective of this study will be to evaluate the effect of intravascular irradiation of blood (ILIB) combined with myofunctional exercises for sleep bruxism in pediatrics. METHODS: This study will be a randomized controlled clinical trial. A triage of individuals between 4 and 17 years old with a diagnosis of sleep bruxism will be carried out at the clinic of the Catholic University of Uruguay, and in a private office referred by different private care centers. The selected participants will be evaluated before and after treatment by means of questionnaires on bruxism, sleep quality and nocturnal oxygen saturation measurement. For this, 46 patients with sleep bruxism will be recruited, who will be divided into 2 groups: control group (CG), which will undergo an application of placebo ILIB and an orofacial myofunctional therapy (MFT) exercise protocol; and na ILIB group, which will carry out an active application of ILIB and an exercise protocol, this being once a week for 8 weeks. The laser treatment (808 nm) will be performed twice a week for 8 weeks. The values will be tested for normality by the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test. For the comparison between the groups, t test will be carried out, considering a level of significance of 0.5% (P < .05). DISCUSSION: Although local photobiomodulation (PBM), acupuncture PBM and physiotherapy have been studied in the treatment of bruxism, this is the first study to evaluate the effect of ILIB combined with myofunctional exercises for sleep bruxism in pediatrics.

Vascular photobiomodulation in the treatment of children with temporomandibular disorders: Study protocol for a randomized, controlled, blind, clinical trial.

BACKGROUND: This study aims to verify if the use of intravascular laser irradiation of blood (ILIB) influences the reduction of pain and increases the range of motion in opening and closing of the mouth in children and adolescents with temporomandibular disorders (TMD). METHODS: This will be a blind, randomized, and controlled clinical trial, which will be carried out on children between 6 and 12 years of age who enter the Catholic University of Uruguay, Faculty of Health Sciences, Postgraduate School, for treatment. To be included, children must present temporomandibular disorders, based on the diagnostic criteria will be the Research Diagnostic Criteria for Temporomandibular Disorders (RDC/TMD). Forty-five participants will be randomized to three groups: Group 1-ILIB with 2 sessions of 20 minutes for 12 weeks (n = 15); Group 2-Placebo laser application with 2 sessions of 20 minutes for 12 weeks (n = 15); Group 3-Control with no treatment (n = 15). Irradiation will be performed by continuous and direct transcutaneous application to the radial artery, by means of a bracelet that inserts the laser beam. The laser to be used is infrared, power 100 mW ± 20%, wavelength 808 nm ± 10 nm, continuous application. RDC/TMD and pain evaluated through a visual analog scale will be the outcome measures. DISCUSSION: Due to the low level of evidence, new studies are needed on the effect of ILIB in children with TMD.