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OBJECTIVE: This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to assess the effectiveness of exercise-based injury prevention programmes in preventing sports injuries in team handball players. DATA SOURCES: Two independent researchers performed a systematic search in the electronic databases Scopus, PubMed, Web of Science (WOS), SPORTDiscus, and CINAHL from inception until Aprile 2023. STUDY SELECTION: Studies were included if they were randomized-controlled or prospective cohort trials, contained a population of competitive team handball players, included an intervention designed specifically to prevent or reduce the risk of team handball injury, and reported injury incidence rates specific to team handball players. Two researchers independently assessed trials for inclusion criteria and methodological quality. DATA EXTRACTION: Study design, intervention details, participant characteristics, and the number of injuries in each group were extracted from each study by two independent researchers. The outcome of interest was the incidence rate of injury. Injury data were classified into 5 groups: lower extremity injuries, shoulder injuries, knee injuries, ankle sprains, or ACL injuries. Extracted data were analyzed by Comprehensive Meta-Analysis software, version 3.0 (CMA.V2) using a random-effects model to compute the overall effect estimates of injury prevention programmes in reducing the risk of injuries. Odds ratios (ORs) with 95% CIs were calculated based on the number of injuries in each group. DATA SYNTHESIS: Meta-analyses were conducted independently for each injury classification. Results indicate that prevention programmes significantly reduced the risk of shoulder injuries (OR, 0.56; 95% CI, 0.36-0.87; P = 0.01), lower extremity (OR, 0.59; 95% CI, 0.37-0.98; P = 0.03), knee (OR, 0.53; 95% CI, 0.35-0.78; P = 0.002) and ankle sprains (OR, 0.57; 95% CI, 0.40-0.81; P = 0.002), and ACL ruptures (OR, 0.67; 95% CI, 0.45-0.97; P = 0.03) in team handball players. CONCLUSION: In team handball players, prevention programmes appear effective in reducing the risk of shoulder, lower extremity, knee, ankle, and ACL injuries.
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The authors tested the effectiveness of a mindfulness-based program in reducing sport-injury incidence. A total of 168 young male elite soccer players were randomly assigned to mindfulness and control groups. The mindfulness group consisted of seven sessions based on the mindfulness-acceptance-commitment approach, while the control group consisted of seven presentations on sport-injury psychology. Athlete exposure and injury data were recorded during one season. State and trait mindfulness, sport anxiety, stress, and attention control of participants were assessed. Number of injuries, average of injuries per team, and days lost to injury in the mindfulness group were significantly lower than those in the control group. Mindfulness and attention control were lower and sport anxiety and stress were higher in injured players than in noninjured players. Psychological variables were associated with injury. Mindfulness training may reduce the injury risk of young soccer players due to improved mindfulness and attention control and reduced sport anxiety.
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OBJECTIVES: This study investigated the benefits of regular recreational table tennis games for body composition, physical performance and muscle strength of older adult men. METHODS: We compared twenty older male regular table tennis players (RTTP) and twenty age- and weight-matched sedentary participants (SP). Body composition (LM, lean mass; FM, fat mass; BMD, bone mineral density), physical function, and muscle strength were analyzed with dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, short physical performance battery (SPPB) and a hand-held dynamometer, respectively. RESULTS: The RTTP had a higher elbow flexor, knee extensor and plantar flexor muscle strength than the SP. The RTTP had a higher total, regional (arm, leg and lumbar spine), and site-specific (trochanter and Ward's triangle) BMD, and a lower fat mass, in total and regional terms (arm, leg, and truck) as well as percentage of body mass, than the SP. RTTP had a higher SPPB score and performed the 400-m walk in a shorter time than SP. CONCLUSIONS: These data suggest that regular table tennis has beneficial effects on muscle strength, physical performance and body composition, and is a potent activity to improve health in older adults.