Effect of endophytic Bacillus megaterium colonization on structure strengthening, microbial community, chemical composition and stabilization properties of Hybrid Pennisetum.

BACKGROUND: This study was conducted to analyze the effects of endophytic Bacillus megaterium (BM 18-2) colonization on structure strengthening, microbial community, chemical composition and stabilization properties of Hybrid Pennisetum. RESULTS: The BM 18-2 had successfully colonized in the interior tissues in both leaf and stem of Hybrid Pennisetum. During ensiling, the levels of pH, acetic acid (AA), butyric acid (BA), propionic acid (PA), and the population of yeast and aerobic bacteria were significantly (P > 0.05) lower, while lactic acid bacteria (LAB) and lactic acid (LA) were significantly (P < 0.001) higher with the steps forward of ensiling in with BM 18-2 as compared to without BM 18-2 colonized of Hybrid Pennisetum. During the different ensiling days, at days 3, 6, 15, and 30, the genus Brevundimonas, Klebsiella, Lactococcus, Weissella, Enterobacter, Serratia, etc. population were significantly decreased, while genus Pediococcus acidilactici and Lactobacillus plantarum were significantly influenced in treated groups as compared to control. The genus Lactobacillus and Pediococcus were positively correlated with treatment groups. CONCLUSIONS: It is concluded that the endophytic bacteria strain BM 18-2 significantly promoted growth characteristics and biomass yield before ensiling and after ensiling inoculated with or without Lactobacillus plantarum could improve the distinct changes of the undesirable microbial diversity, chemical composition, and stabilization properties in with BM 18-2 as compared to without BM 18-2 colonized Hybrid Pennisetum. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry.

Influence of Combined Effect of Ultra-Sonication and High-Voltage Cold Plasma Treatment on Quality Parameters of Carrot Juice.

Influence of the combined effect of ultra-sonication (US) and high-voltage cold plasma treatment (HVCP) on the quality parameters of fresh carrot juice has been studied. During the treatment of ultra-sonication, carrot juice was subjected to a 0.5 inch probe for 3 min by adjusting the pulse duration 5 s on and off at 20 kHz frequency, amplitude level 80%. The ultrasound intensity was measured by using a thermocouple and was 46 Wcm-2. The temperature was maintained at 10 °C by an automatic control unit. During the treatment of HVCP, carrot juice was then subjected to dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) plasma discharge at 70 kV voltage for 4 min. Significant increases were observed when HVCP treated carrot juice was tested against total carotenoids, lycopene, and lutein when compared to the control treatments. Moreover, this increase was raised to its highest in all pigments, chlorogenic acid, sugar contents, and mineral profile, as the results of ultra-sonication when combined with high voltage atmospheric cold plasma (US-HVCP). Whereas, a significant decreased was observed in Mg, total plate count, yeast, and mold after US-HVCP treatment. Furthermore, results indicated that the combined effect of US-HVCP treatment has improved the quality and led to a higher concentration of lycopene, lutein, chlorogenic acid, and mineral compounds (Na, K, and P). Therefore, the findings of the current study suggested that US-HVCP treatment is a novel combined technique that could provide better quality and more stability during the processing of carrot juice with better physicochemical properties and bio-available nutrients, so this novel processing technique could serve as an alternative to traditional processes.