Probiotic Formulations: A Patent Landscaping Using the Text Mining Approach.

The outstanding research outcomes and registrations of myriads of probiotic strains have flooded the health market with various innovative probiotic-based products and their patents. The study of patented formulations of probiotics can give an overall insight into its existing application. A landscaping review of patents for probiotic-based preparations is presented in the current work. The patent search was performed over commercially available patent databased and analysis tool-PatSeer Pro®. Search strings containing words "Formulation" and "Composition" resulted in more than 3700 patents. Landscaping review of 400 + patents from the last 20 years (2000-2020) was performed using the Text-Mining approach. Text-Mining helped to identify 19 technological clusters which represent these patents. These clusters include the patents of probiotic preparations on animal feed, human food, cosmetics, antimicrobial, antidiabetic, arthritis, etc. A review of this massive number of patents unveiled many exciting preparations. Probiotic-based innovative products for depression, diabetes, Parkinson's, tumor, acne, and animal husbandry are reviewed comprehensively. The present work also unravels a few new-flanged products like probiotic layered condoms, products for acute alcoholism, and traditional Chinese medicine with probiotics. The patent landscape of probiotic-based preparations has presented a whole scenario of probiotic-based preparations. It has also revealed many unexplored areas where innovation can be excelled.

Survival outcome and prognostic model of patients with colorectal cancer on phase 1 trials.

Background Patients with metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) who progress on standard therapies may be eligible for phase I trials. To better delineate the risk-benefit ratio, we assessed toxicities, clinical outcomes and prognostic factors. Methods Records of mCRC patients on phase I trials at our institution over 18 years were reviewed. Univariable (UVA) and multivariable analyses (MVA) were undertaken and a prognostic model developed. Results There were 187 enrollments on 37 phase I trials. Median age was: 59 (29-83) years and number of prior therapies: 3 (0-8). The clinical benefit rate (CBR): response (5.6%) + stable disease, was 43.1%. Median progression free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) was 7.7 weeks and 43.7 weeks, respectively. The MVA identified age > 60 years (HR 1.63, p < 0.004), albumin<3.5 g/dL (HR 3.69, p < 0.001), direct bilirubin>ULN (HR1.69, p < 0.01), and WBC ≥ 5.2 k/uL (HR 1.97, p < 0.001) as negative prognostic factors. A risk score based on the MVA revealed that patients with a score of 0-1 had an improved OS (58.7 weeks) compared to a score of 2 (49.9 weeks, p < 0.01) and 3 (14.1 weeks, p < 0.001). Conclusions Phase 1 trials may offer similar or better clinical outcome for mCRC patients than standard third line therapies; the prognostic model could assist in selecting appropriate patients.

Transradial cardiac catheterization and percutaneous coronary intervention: a review.

Campeau in 1989 and subsequently Kiemeneij and Laarman in 1993 successfully attempted diagnostic cardiac catheterization and percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), respectively, using the radial artery. Since then, the technique has evolved significantly with improvement in catheters and operators gaining experience in transradial (TR) procedures. Short recovery time, less bleeding complications, and enhanced patient satisfaction made the TR approach a preferred route to perform cardiac catheterization and PCIs in an increasing number of countries. As operators become more comfortable with this approach, they are using it to perform increasingly complex procedures such as rotational atherectomy and opening chronic total occlusions. Despite its increasing acceptance due to the advantages it offers, TR access was used only in about 1.32% of patients who underwent PCI in the US in a report by Rao et al. In this review, we summarize the advantages and disadvantages of the TR approach trying to identify the possible causes of it not being adopted in US.