Primary dedifferentiated liposarcoma of the breast: A case report.

Primary breast liposarcoma is an extraordinarily rare breast malignancy. Histological subtypes including dedifferentiated are confirmed after a thorough histopathological and immunohistochemistry analysis. Liposarcoma of the breast can mimic other breast lesions. Long-term follow-up is needed due to the risk of local recurrence and delayed dedifferentiation.

Prognostic significance of mean platelet volume in patients with lung cancer: a meta-analysis.

OBJECTIVE: The mean platelet volume (MPV) is a measure of platelet size, and it is considered a surrogate marker of platelet activation. Because the correlation between platelet count/size and lung cancer prognosis remains unclear, this meta-analysis comprehensively evaluated the prognostic significance of MPV among patients with lung cancer. METHODS: A systematic search of PubMed, Embase, Google Scholar, and additional sources of relevant studies were conducted with no language restrictions from inception to 7 May 2021. Overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS)/progression-free survival (PFS), as well as their hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs), were pooled to evaluate the relationship between MPV and survival. The study protocol was registered on PROSPERO. RESULTS: Eleven studies involving 2421 patients with lung cancer were included in our analysis. Nine studies including only patients with non-small cell lung cancer were included in the meta-analysis. Our analysis revealed no significant associations of MPV with OS (HR = 1.09, 95% CI = 0.84-1.41) and DFS/PFS (HR = 1.13, 95% CI = 0.58-2.20). CONCLUSION: Pretreatment MPV levels did not display prognostic significance in patients with NSCLC. Large-scale prospective studies and a validation study considering ethnicity and lung cancer staging are warranted.

BRCA1/BRCA2 mutation spectrum analysis in South Asia: a systematic review.

OBJECTIVE: Breast cancer (BC) is the most common form of cancer among Asian females. Mutations in the BRCA1/BRCA2 genes are often observed in BC cases and largely increase the lifetime risk of having BC. Because of the paucity of high-quality data on the molecular spectrum of BRCA mutations in South Asian populations, we aimed to explore these mutations among South Asian countries. METHODS: A systematic literature search was performed for the BRCA1 and BRCA2 gene mutation spectrum using electronic databases such as PubMed, EMBASE, and Google Scholar. Twenty studies were selected based on specific inclusion and exclusion criteria. RESULTS: The 185delAG (c.68_69del) mutation in exon 2 of BRCA1 was the most common recurrent mutation and founder mutation found. Various intronic variants, variants of unknown significance, large genomic rearrangements, and polymorphisms were also described in some studies. CONCLUSIONS: The South Asian population has a wide variety of genetic mutations of BRCA1 and BRCA2 that differ according to countries and ethnicities. A stronger knowledge of various population-specific mutations in these cancer susceptibility genes can help provide efficient strategies for genetic testing.

Metastatic ovarian carcinoma in breast cancer patients during risk-reducing salpingo-oophorectomy: Report of two cases.

INTRODUCTION AND IMPORTANCE: Metastatic ovarian cancer of breast carcinoma is rare and accounts for only 0.68%-2% of all ovarian tumors, the majority of which are diagnosed incidentally during follow-up or therapeutic oophorectomy. Risk-reducing salpingo-oophorectomy (RRSO) is a highly recommended prophylactic surgery associated with a significant decrease in ovarian cancer risk in both BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutation carriers, and in those with and without prior breast cancer. CASE PRESENTATION: We present two cases who presented with a lump in the right axilla and left breast respectively and were subsequently diagnosed as invasive mammary carcinoma but later, diagnosed with metastatic ovarian carcinoma with breast primary after RRSO. The patients were treated with cycles of chemo-radiation. DISCUSSION: Invasive lobular carcinoma, larger tumor size, advanced breast cancer increases the risk of developing ovarian metastases. Thorough macroscopic, microscopic, immunohistochemical, and molecular tests are considered the cornerstone in the diagnosis of metastatic breast cancer to the ovaries. Bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy, a risk-reducing surgery for the BRCA gene mutation, has been shown to reduce the risk of death from ovarian cancer. CONCLUSIONS: Metastatic ovarian cancer in breast cancer is a rare possibility among patients undergoing RRSO for breast cancer. The importance of continued surveillance of ovaries rather than the delayed diagnosis of ovarian metastasis for patients with newly diagnosed breast cancer cannot be less emphasized.

Paget's disease of nipple with dermal invasion: A case report.

BACKGROUND: Invasive mammary Paget's disease (MPD) is an extremely rare eczematous eruption on the nipple and areola with an invasion of the dermis by Paget cells. This entity can often be misdiagnosed and overtreated for invasive carcinoma of the breast. CASE: A 34-year woman presented with a 2-year history of right nipple eczema and right axillary lump for a month. Breast ultrasound revealed dilated intra-nipple lactiferous duct and an enlarged right axillary lymph node. Histopathology from biopsy revealed MPD with ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) whereas final histopathology after right modified radical mastectomy revealed Invasive MPD with DCIS and axillary metastasis. She underwent adjuvant chemotherapy and is under hormonal therapy with complete remission for 18 months. CONCLUSION: Awareness of invasive MPD is important to avoid misdiagnosis and probable radical treatment. Close follow-up is warranted due to limited knowledge regarding treatment and prognosis of invasive MPD.

Primary squamous cell carcinoma of the breast in a young female- A rare ailment.

Primary squamous cell carcinoma of the breast is an extremely rare invasive breast carcinoma with rapid progression and worse prognosis. Careful assessment and diagnosis of the entity should also be considered in a rapidly progressing breast tumor.