RESUMO
The available evidence suggests a beneficial effect of zeaxanthin against the progression of age-related macular degeneration (AMD). The objective of the present study was to investigate potential adverse effects of OmniXan™, a RR-zeaxanthin (65%) enriched product obtained from paprika (Capsicum annum fruits) in subchronic toxicity and mutagenicity studies. The oral LD50 of OmniXan(TM) in rats was greater than 2000 mg/kgbody weight (bw)/day. For the subchronic toxicity study, Wistar rats (10/sex/group) were gavaged daily with zeaxanthin concentrate at doses of 0, 4, 40 and 400 mg/kg bw/day for 90-days. No treatment related clinical signs and mortalities observed. Similarly, no treatment related toxicologically significant changes in body weight, feed consumption; ophthalmoscopic examination, neurological examination, hematology, urine analysis and organ weights were observed. Statistically significant changes observed in some clinical chemistry parameters were considered toxicologically and biologically insignificant and nonadverse. Macroscopic and microscopic examinations did not reveal treatment-related abnormalities. The results of mutagenicity testing using Salmonella typhimurium did not reveal any genotoxicity. The no observed-adverse-effect level (NOAEL) for zeaxanthin concentrate (OmniXan(TM)) was determined as 400 mg/kg bw/day, the highest dose tested. The findings of this subchronic toxicity and mutagenicity studies support safety of zeaxanthin concentrate.
Assuntos
Testes de Mutagenicidade , Testes de Toxicidade Aguda , Testes de Toxicidade Crônica , Zeaxantinas/toxicidade , Animais , Capsicum/química , Dano ao DNA/efeitos dos fármacos , Relação Dose-Resposta a Droga , Feminino , Frutas/química , Dose Letal Mediana , Masculino , Nível de Efeito Adverso não Observado , Tamanho do Órgão/efeitos dos fármacos , Extratos Vegetais/toxicidade , Ratos , Ratos Wistar , Salmonella typhimurium/efeitos dos fármacosRESUMO
Lutein and zeaxanthin, naturally occurring carotenoids, have shown to reduce the risk of cataracts and age-related macular degeneration. Lutemax 2020 is a lutein and zeaxanthin (including meso-isomer) enriched product obtained from Marigold flowers (Tagetes erecta L). The objective of the present study was to investigate adverse effects, if any, of Lutemax 2020 in acute and subchronic toxicity, and mutagenicity studies. In acute toxicity study in rats no lethality was noted at 2000 mg Lutemax 2020/kg body weight (bw). In the subchronic study, Wistar rats (10/sex/group) were administered (gavage) lutein/zeaxanthin concentrate at dose levels of 0, 4, 40 and 400mg/kg bw/day for 90-days. Compared with the control group, administration of lutein/zeaxanthin concentrate did not result in any toxicologically significant treatment-related changes in clinical observations, ophthalmic examinations, body weights, body weight gains, feed consumption, and organ weights. No toxicologically relevant findings were noted in urinalysis, hematology or clinical biochemistry parameters at the end of the treatment or recovery period. Terminal necropsy did not reveal any treatment-related gross or histopathology findings. The results of mutagenicity testing in Salmonella typhimurium did not reveal any genotoxicity. The no observed-adverse-effect level (NOAEL) for lutein/zeaxanthin concentrate was determined as 400mg/kg bw/day, the highest dose tested.
