[Use of liposomes in early treatment of experimental wounds]. / Primenenie liposom v rannem lechenii éksperimental'nykh ran.

A suspension of phosphatidylcholine-cholesterol liposomes was suggested for exerting an effect on the main developmental mechanisms of an early inflammatory process. A single subcutaneous injection of the preparation reduced considerably the degree of the development of a secondary wound necrosis through early preventive tissue hyperhydration, decrease of vascular disorders in the injured segment, and the presence of a marked regional lymph stimulating effect. With prevention of secondary necrosis the results of primary debridement of gunshot wounds, postponed for 3 days, were improved significantly.

[Endoprosthesis of the elbow joint in sequelae of gunshot wounds]. / Endoprotezirovanie loktevogo sustava pri posledstviiakh ognestrel'nykh ranenii.

5 patients have been implanted the endoprostheses of Sivash K. M. to restore functions of the upper limb after the gunshot injury in the area of elbow joint with the clinico-roentgenologic bone defect detection. Coarse cicatricial changes in the area of an articulation with presence of foreign bodies are characteristic for those patients. There have been achieved significant improvement of restoration of active movement of elbow joint and upper limb in whole with 4 of them in spite of high danger of possible post-operative inflammation. In one case due to hard physical labour there have been noted break of an endoprosthesis with the subsequent inflammation. The endoprosthesis has been removed. The most stable positive outcomes proved by physiological tests of the neuromuscular system of upper limbs are observed at endoprosthetics of elbow joint with replacement of the soft tissue defect with completely vascularized musculocutaneous autotransplant.

[Wound healing as affected by constitutional immunity factors]. / Zazhivlenie ran v zavisimosti ot faktorov konstitutsional'nogo immuniteta.

The authors examined 52 patients with gunshot wounds of various localization. Besides the type of wound healing, they determined the ABO system blood groups, the value of phagocytosis intensity and the value of connective tissue saturation with ascorbic acid, which, as it was shown earlier, are unrelated to the current condition of the wound process and may serve for predicting the risk of wound purulent complications. The distribution features of the studied values in patients with gunshot wounds were compared with those in individuals with gunshot-inflicted wounds. It is shown that such signs of constitutional immunity as the B blood group, weak phagocytosis intensity, and low saturation of the connective tissue with ascorbic acid are risk factors of purulent complications in both traumatic and gunshot wounds.

[Experimental substantiation of using gentacycol for prevention of wound infection in gunshot bone fractures of the extremities]. / Eksperimental'noe obosnovanie primeneniia gentatsikola dlia profilaktiki ranevoi infektsii pri ognestrel'nykh perelomakh kostei konechnoste'i.

There have been experimentally studied the antibacterial properties of the preparation "gentacycol" developed in the research institute of antibiotics. Its effective agent is gentamycin and as the matrix of a carrier modified collagen is used. It is indicated that in vitro and at implantation in preliminary infected ordinary and gunshot osseous wounds in rabbits and dogs gentacycol inhibits the growth of aerobic and, that is especially important, anaerobic microflora, limits the development of inflammatory Process and stimulates, to a certain extent, reparative osteogenesis. The obtained data allows to recommend gentacycol application for prophylaxis of wound infection in treatment of gunshot limb bone injuries.

[The system of evaluation of the severity of injuries (status and prospects of the problem)]. / Sistema otsenki tiazhesti travm (sostoianie i perspektivy problemy).

The authors have substantiated the necessity of elaboration and introduction of a single all-state++ system of objective quantitative evaluation of the severity of the injuries. A brief comparative characteristic of the most popular Soviet and foreign systems of the severity of the injuries is presented. The synthesized scales (elaborated at the prognosis laboratory of the Central Institute of Traumatology and Orthopedics ) for a quantitative evaluation of the character and the localization of the fractures are presented.

[The outcomes in crush syndrome of the extremities half a year after the earthquake in Armenia]. / Iskhody sindroma dlitel'nogo sdavleniia konechnostei cherez polgoda posle zemletriaseniia v Armenii.

Squeezed syndrome affecting various segments of limbs has been identified in 245 of 500 victims randomized for examination 6 months after the earthquake. In 119 cases associated with closed fractures of long tubular bones and in 59 cases with open ones. In 124 cases duration of squeezing was up to 12 h, and in 70 cases--1 day and more. Segmental limb amputation was performed in 113 cases. In 95 cases limbs functions were retained and in 81--lost. Perspectives of more successful outcomes depend on the maximal shortening of rescue period, on rational organization of the treatment process and prolongation of recovery management of squeezed syndrome sequelae.

[Methodology of the branch program in traumatology and orthopedics in present-day conditions]. / Metodicheskie osnovy otraslevoi programmy v travmatologii i ortopedii v sovremennykh usloviiakh.

The method of targeted programming is just entering the practice of science planning in traumatology and orthopedics as specific branch-oriented scientific and technological programmes. The essence of the methodological maintenance of Programme C.18 is presented; the Programme is aimed at elaborating the therapeutic system to manage patients with fractures of bones of the locomotor apparatus. Its result will present as the data on the structure of the general population of such patients, on the optimal methods of treatment, as well as on the issues of the emergency aid organization. Methods to estimate the future and current need in the traumatological-orthopaedic equipment will be elaborated. The programme is carried out according to the coordinated schedule, involving research institutes and departments of traumatology and orthopedics, the total number of the establishments amounting to 70. The programme implementation covers the period from 1986 to 1999.