A Study on the Correlation of Big 5 Personality Traits in Asians With Facial Contour Surgery.

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study is to explore the present situation and related factors of big 5 personality in Asian patients with facial contour surgery and to provide experience for clinical individualized medical care. METHODS: Total 235 patients with facial contour surgery were selected in this study. The Neo Five-factor Inventory was used to investigate them. RESULTS: The scores of conscientiousness and openness in the Neo Five-factor Inventory were higher than others, whereas neuroticism score was lowest in patients with facial contour surgery. The scores of extroversion and agreeableness were in the middle level. Among the big 5 personality the age, educational background, self-rated personality, the only child in a family and other cosmetic surgery history had significant differences in patients. CONCLUSIONS: Patients with facial contour surgery for different sex, different marital status, different body mass index, there is no significant difference in the big 5 personality through this study. However, older patients had higher score for conscientiousness, patients with higher educational background had higher scores in openness and patients with introverted personality had higher neuroticism score. The authors should take individualized personality traits during perioperative care to help the patients to establish a correct and healthy esthetic concept, as well as postoperative body image concept, to build their self-confidence and social competitiveness.

Development and Verification Experiment of In-Situ Friction Experiment Device for Simulating UV Irradiation in Space.

In order to explore the influence of space ultraviolet radiation on spacecraft lubricating materials, an in-situ friction experimental device simulating space ultraviolet radiation was developed in the laboratory, and the experimental verification was carried out. This paper firstly introduced the design index, structure and working principle of the space ultraviolet irradiation simulation device, and then calibrated and tested the parameters of the whole device, and also conducted a virtual operation of the device's operation effect by simulation software, and the results showed that it met the design index. Finally, the validation tested of the ultraviolet irradiated in-situ friction experimental device were described in detail. By using the device to irradiate the samples, it was found that the in-situ ultraviolet irradiation device could achieve the expected irradiation effect, and the irradiation would lead to changes in the surface structure and properties of the PTFE material, while also achieving the need for in-situ spatial friction property testing of the material, providing favorable conditions for future testing.

Research on Atomic Oxygen Erosion Influence of Structural Damage and Tribological Properties of Mo/MoS2-Pb-PbS Thin Film.

To investigate atomic oxygen effects on tribological properties of Mo/MoS2-Pb-PbS film and further enlarge application range, atomic oxygen exposure tests were carried out for 5 h, 10 h, 15 h, and 20 h by the atomic oxygen simulator with atomic oxygen flux of 2.5 × 1015 atoms/cm2·s. The exposure time in test was equivalent to the atomic oxygen cumulative flux for 159.25 h, 318.5 h, 477.75 h, and 637 h at the height of 400 km in space. Then, the vacuum friction test of Mo/MoS2-Pb-PbS thin film was performed under the 6 N load and 100 r/min. By SEM, TEM, and XPS analysis of the surface of the film after atomic oxygen erosion, it was observed that atomic oxygen could cause serious oxidation on the surface of Mo/MoS2-Pb-PbS film, and the contents of MoS2, PbS, and Pb, which were lubricating components, were significantly reduced, and oxides were generated. From AES analysis and the variation in the main element content, Mo/MoS2-Pb-PbS thin film showed self-protection ability in an atomic oxygen environment. Hard oxide generated after atomic oxygen erosion such as MoO3 and Pb3O4 could cause the friction coefficient slight fluctuations, but the average friction coefficient was in a stable state.

Biological activity validation of a computationally designed Rituximab/CD3 T cell engager targeting CD20+ cancers with multiple mechanisms of action.

BACKGROUND: Bispecific T cell engaging antibodies (TEAs) with one arm targeting a cancer antigen and another arm binding to CD3 have demonstrated impressive efficacy in multiple clinical studies. However, establishing a safety/efficacy balance remains challenging. For instance, some TEAs have severe safety issues. Additionally, not all patients or all cancer cells of one patient respond equally to TEAs. METHODS: Here, we developed a next-generation bispecific TEA with better safety/efficacy balance and expanded mechanisms of action. Using the computer-aided antibody design strategy, we replaced heavy chain complementarity-determining regions (HCDRs) in one Rituximab arm with HCDRs from a CD3 antibody and generated a novel CD20/CD3 bispecific antibody. RESULTS: After series of computer-aided sequence optimization, the lead molecule, GB261, showed great safety/efficacy balance both in vitro and in animal studies. GB261 exhibited high affinity to CD20 and ultra-low affinity to CD3. It showed comparable T cell activation and reduced cytokine secretion compared with a benchmark antibody (BM). ADCC and CDC caused by GB261 only killed CD20+ cells but not CD3+ cells. It exhibited better RRCL cell killing than the BM in a PBMC-engrafted, therapeutic treatment mouse model and good safety in cynomolgus monkeys. CONCLUSIONS: Thus, GB261 is a promising novel TEA against CD20+ cancers.

Foot-Controlled Robot-Enabled EnDOscope Manipulator (FREEDOM) for Sinus Surgery: Design, Control, and Evaluation.

Despite successful clinical applications, teleoperated robotic surgical systems face particular limitations in the functional endoscopic sinus surgery (FESS) in terms of incompatible instrument dimensions and robot set-up. The endoscope remains manually handled by an assistant when the surgeon performs bimanual operations. This paper introduces the development of the Foot-controlled Robot-Enabled EnDOscope Manipulator (FREEDOM) designed for FESS. The system features clinical considerations that inform the design for providing reliable and safe endoscope positioning with minimal obstruction to the routine practice. The robot structure is modular and compact to ensure coaxial instrument manipulation through the nostril for manual procedures. To avoid rigid endoscope motions, a new compliant endoscope holder is proposed that passively limits the lens-tissue contact forces under collisions for patient-side protection. To facilitate hands-free endoscope manipulation that imposes minimal distractions to the surgeon, a foot-wearable interface is further designed to relieve the assistant's workload. The foot control method owns a short learning curve (mean 3.4 mins), and leads the task to be more ergonomic and surgeon-centered. Cadaver and clinical studies were both conducted to evaluate the surgical applicability of the FREEDOM to assist endoscope manipulation in FESS. The system was validated to be safe (IEC-60601-1) and easy for set up (mean 3.6 mins), from which the surgeon could perform various three-handed procedures alone in FESS without disrupting the routine practice.

Quantum correlation of qubit-reservoir system in dissipative environments.

In this work, the dynamics of quantum correlation (QC) in terms of geometric discord and its transfer coupled with dissipative reservoirs are investigated. Taken two canonical cases where the qubits of interest are initially prepared in extended Werner-like state and W-like states into account, we specifically reveal the dynamical behaviors of the geometric discord as each qubit locally interacts with its surrounding infinite degree-of-freedom reservoir. In the scenarios, the short-term and long-term dynamics of the geometric discord for the qubit- and reservoir-subsystem as well as its transfers between them are observed detailedly. It turns out that the geometric discord of qubit-subsystem decays asymptotically to zero while the counterpart of reservoir-subsystem can revive from time t = 0 to steady value, which sheds light on a transfer of the discord from the qubit-subsystem to the corresponding reservoir-subsystem.

Entropic uncertainty relations for Markovian and non-Markovian processes under a structured bosonic reservoir.

The uncertainty relation is a fundamental limit in quantum mechanics and is of great importance to quantum information processing as it relates to quantum precision measurement. Due to interactions with the surrounding environment, a quantum system will unavoidably suffer from decoherence. Here, we investigate the dynamic behaviors of the entropic uncertainty relation of an atom-cavity interacting system under a bosonic reservoir during the crossover between Markovian and non-Markovian regimes. Specifically, we explore the dynamic behavior of the entropic uncertainty relation for a pair of incompatible observables under the reservoir-induced atomic decay effect both with and without quantum memory. We find that the uncertainty dramatically depends on both the atom-cavity and the cavity-reservoir interactions, as well as the correlation time, τ, of the structured reservoir. Furthermore, we verify that the uncertainty is anti-correlated with the purity of the state of the observed qubit-system. We also propose a remarkably simple and efficient way to reduce the uncertainty by utilizing quantum weak measurement reversal. Therefore our work offers a new insight into the uncertainty dynamics for multi-component measurements within an open system, and is thus important for quantum precision measurements.

Exploration quantum steering, nonlocality and entanglement of two-qubit X-state in structured reservoirs.

In this work, there are two parties, Alice on Earth and Bob on the satellite, which initially share an entangled state, and some open problems, which emerge during quantum steering that Alice remotely steers Bob, are investigated. Our analytical results indicate that all entangled pure states and maximally entangled evolution states (EESs) are steerable, and not every entangled evolution state is steerable and some steerable states are only locally correlated. Besides, quantum steering from Alice to Bob experiences a "sudden death" with increasing decoherence strength. However, shortly after that, quantum steering experiences a recovery with the increase of decoherence strength in bit flip (BF) and phase flip (PF) channels. Interestingly, while they initially share an entangled pure state, all EESs are steerable and obey Bell nonlocality in PF and phase damping channels. In BF channels, all steerable states can violate Bell-CHSH inequality, but some EESs are unable to be employed to realize steering. However, when they initially share an entangled mixed state, the outcome is different from that of the pure state. Furthermore, the steerability of entangled mixed states is weaker than that of entangled pure states. Thereby, decoherence can induce the degradation of quantum steering, and the steerability of state is associated with the interaction between quantum systems and reservoirs.

Entanglement revive and information flow within the decoherent environment.

In this paper, the dynamics of entanglement is investigated in the presence of a noisy environment. We reveal its revival behavior and probe the mechanisms of this behavior via an information-theoretic approach. By analyzing the correlation distribution and the information flow within the composite system including the qubit subsystem and a noisy environment, it has been found that the subsystem-environment coupling can induce the quasi-periodic entanglement revival. Furthermore, the dynamical relationship among tripartite correlations, bipartite entanglement and local state information is explored, which provides a new insight into the non-Markovian mechanisms during the evolution.

Pupil and Glint Detection Using Wearable Camera Sensor and Near-Infrared LED Array.

This paper proposes a novel pupil and glint detection method for gaze tracking system using a wearable camera sensor and near-infrared LED array. A novel circular ring rays location (CRRL) method is proposed for pupil boundary points detection. Firstly, improved Otsu optimal threshold binarization, opening-and-closing operation and projection of 3D gray-level histogram are utilized to estimate rough pupil center and radius. Secondly, a circular ring area including pupil edge inside is determined according to rough pupil center and radius. Thirdly, a series of rays are shot from inner to outer ring to collect pupil boundary points. Interference points are eliminated by calculating gradient amplitude. At last, an improved total least squares is proposed to fit collected pupil boundary points. In addition, the improved total least squares developed is utilized for the solution of Gaussian function deformation to calculate glint center. The experimental results show that the proposed method is more robust and accurate than conventional detection methods. When interference factors such as glints and natural light reflection are located on pupil contour, pupil boundary points and center can be detected accurately. The proposed method contributes to enhance stability, accuracy and real-time quality of gaze tracking system.