Conjugation of new DNA vaccine with polyethylenimine induces cellular immune response and tumor regression in neuroblastoma mouse model.

AIM: To estimate immunogenicity and antitumor effect of new DNA vaccine against neuroblastoma using tyrosine hydroxylase as an antigen and linear polyethylenimine (PEI) 20 kDa as a synthetic DNA carrier in syngeneic mouse tumor model. MATERIALS AND METHODS: DNA vaccine was made by cloning the tyrosine hydroxylase minigene fused to the potato virus X coat protein gene into the expression vector. The A/J mice were vaccinated by three intramuscular injections. For immunogenicity study, immune response was estimated by target cells cytotoxicity assay, interferon-gamma production in enzyme-linked immunospot assay and antigen-specific antibodies in 14 days after the final vaccination. Antitumor effect was assessed by measurement of tumor volume and event-free survival rate in mice with engrafted NB41A3 murine neuroblastoma cells following three intramuscular injections of the vaccine: 7 days before, 5 and 10 days after tumor engraftment. The immune response was also assessed on the 30th day after tumor engraftment. RESULTS: The immunogenicity and antitumor effect of the vaccine in the form of aqueous solution of DNA and DNA-PEI conjugate were compared. Splenocytes cytotoxicity was the highest in the group of DNA-PEI vaccines (37.3 ± 6.9% lysis of target cells) compared with the unconjugated DNA vaccine (26.2 ± 4.0%) and placebo control (21.9 ± 3.7%). The production of interferon-gamma in the enzyme-linked immunospot assay was about ten times higher in the DNA-PEI group than in the other groups. The vaccine slowed or prevented the growth of the tumor. Mice vaccinated with the DNA-PEI vaccine had significantly better survival compared to control group (p < 0.0003). CONCLUSIONS: DNA vaccine against tyrosine hydroxylase, administered as a DNA-PEI 20 kDa conjugate, slows down the growth of neuroblastoma cells engrafted to mice.

[Manifestation of Crohn's disease in the oral cavity: clinical case]. / Debiut bolezni Krona v polosti rta. Klinicheskii sluchai.

The article contains the review of possible oral manifestations of Crohn's disease and clinical case presentation of purulent alveolitis resistant to conventional local treatment, geographical glossitis and xerostomia in 42 y.o. female with the history of periodical digestive disorders, diagnosed with Crohn's disease. The diagnosis was based on abovementioned oral manifestations.

[CHRONIC PERIODONTITIS WITH SYMPTOMATIC HYPERTROPHIC GINGIVITIS: CASE REPORT AND REVIEW OF THE LITERATURE].

Gingivitis in traditional national dentistry referred to independent diseases or symptomatic condition in periodontitis and classified morphologically. The diagnostic features of the diseases are characteristic, but the clinical presentation of symptomatic gingivitis and patterns of bone destructions may vary between patients. Successful treatment of the disease depends from proper diagnosis and advanced disease stages, but for symptomatic gingivitis that accompanying chronic periodontitis, protocols include surgical excision. Despite of the high prevalence of chronic generalized periodontitis, its active treatment often start in severe destruction and bone loss (2-3 stage severity). Today etiotropic antimicrobial therapy is real way to control microbial biofilm and has solid evidence base. Applying of etiotropic antimicrobial therapy as systemic azithromycin with timely treatment of mild to moderate periodontal and bone destruction may reduce severe periodontitis incidence of and treatment-related complications in the future. This paper attempts to describe the clinical diagnostic features and the current treatment options along with a suggested protocol for comprehensive management of chronic generalized periodontitis and hypertrophic gingivitis patient with case reports and a brief review.

[The role of immune cells factors in the remodeling of gingiva at chronic generalized periodontal disease].

Tissue remodeling under pathological conditions is stable morphological and functional rebuilding that correlates closely with the state of mucosa. This concept is used in many areas of medicine though hardly employed in dentistry. The paper presents histological and immunohystochemical data confirming tissue remodeling and the role of immunocells in periodontal disease. Tissue remodeling in chronic inflammatory periodontal lesions corresponds to the degree of the clinical manifestation, and consist at least of: i) alteration of gingival epithelial cells regeneration and differentiation due to changes in cell-mediated local adaptive immune response; ii) active accumulation of lymphocytes subpopulations and dendritic cells in the subepithelial compartment; iii) and progressive bone destruction associated with osteoimmunological interactions. The introduction of remodeling concept and further researches in this area with subsequent application in dental practice might advance treatment approaches to chronic periodontal disease.

[Extracorporeal lithotripsy in combination with endoscopic papillotomy in choledocholithiasis]. / Distantsionnaia litotripsiia v sochetanii s éndoskopicheskoi papillotomiei pri kholedokholitiaze.

Results of treatment of 30 patients of 50 to 90 years of age having choledocholithiasis by the method of extracorporeal lithotripsy (EL) combined with endoscopic operations on the major duodenal papilla are described. The first stage in the treatment was endoscopic papillosphincterotomy. There were 41 sessions of EL (at an average 1,37 procedure for each patient). In 15 patients spontaneous excretion of the fragments from the common bile duct was noted. The endoscopic sanitation of the common bile duct with a removal of fragments with the Dormia basket was fulfilled in 13 patients after EL. The method of choledocholithotomy proved to be ineffective in 2 patients. Sanitation of the common bile duct was performed in all the patients before their discharge from the hospital. Thus the results obtained allow considering the extracorporeal biliary lithotripsy when combined with endoscopic papillosphincterotomy as an effective method for treatment of patients with choledocholithiasis which not only supplements traditional surgical procedures but also may be used as an alternative method of treatment especially for patients with high operative risk.

[The complications of puncture catheterization of the subclavian vein and their diagnosis]. / Oslozhneniia punktsionnoi kateterizatsii podkliuchichnoi veny i ikh diagnostika.

The authors describe 21 complications which occurred in puncture catheterization of the subclavian vein in 1,276 (1.65%) patients. They varied widely in character--hemothorax, pneumothorax, thrombosis of the subclavian vein, etc. The case record of one patient with traumatic pneumothorax after puncture catheterization of the subclavian vein is discussed in detail.