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Cancer Discov ; 5(5): 488-505, 2015 May.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25770156

RESUMO

UNLABELLED: Triple-negative breast cancers (TNBC) are characterized by a wide spectrum of genomic alterations, some of which might be caused by defects in DNA repair processes such as homologous recombination (HR). Despite this understanding, associating particular patterns of genomic instability with response to therapy has been challenging. Here, we show that allelic-imbalanced copy-number aberrations (AiCNA) are more prevalent in TNBCs that respond to platinum-based chemotherapy, thus providing a candidate predictive biomarker for this disease. Furthermore, we show that a high level of AiCNA is linked with elevated expression of a meiosis-associated gene, HORMAD1. Elevated HORMAD1 expression suppresses RAD51-dependent HR and drives the use of alternative forms of DNA repair, the generation of AiCNAs, as well as sensitizing cancer cells to HR-targeting therapies. Our data therefore provide a mechanistic association between HORMAD1 expression, a specific pattern of genomic instability, and an association with response to platinum-based chemotherapy in TNBC. SIGNIFICANCE: Previous studies have shown correlation between mutational "scars" and sensitivity to platinums extending beyond associations with BRCA1/2 mutation, but do not elucidate the mechanism. Here, a novel allele-specific copy-number characterization of genome instability identifies and functionally validates the inappropriate expression of the meiotic gene HORMAD1 as a driver of HR deficiency in TNBC, acting to induce allelic imbalance and moderate platinum and PARP inhibitor sensitivity with implications for the use of such "scars" and expression of meiotic genes as predictive biomarkers.


Assuntos
Proteínas de Ciclo Celular/genética , Expressão Gênica , Genômica , Recombinação Homóloga , Neoplasias de Mama Triplo Negativas/genética , Desequilíbrio Alélico , Protocolos de Quimioterapia Combinada Antineoplásica/uso terapêutico , Proteínas de Ciclo Celular/metabolismo , Linhagem Celular Tumoral , Núcleo Celular/genética , Núcleo Celular/metabolismo , Sobrevivência Celular/efeitos dos fármacos , Sobrevivência Celular/genética , Instabilidade Cromossômica , Análise por Conglomerados , Variações do Número de Cópias de DNA , Resistencia a Medicamentos Antineoplásicos/genética , Perfilação da Expressão Gênica , Inativação Gênica , Humanos , Platina/administração & dosagem , Polimorfismo de Nucleotídeo Único , RNA Interferente Pequeno/genética , Neoplasias de Mama Triplo Negativas/tratamento farmacológico , Neoplasias de Mama Triplo Negativas/patologia
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