RESUMO
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the predictive dimensions of clinical-functional conditions and the cognitive capacity of elderly people living at home. METHOD: Cross-sectional, population-based, analytical, quantitative study was utilized. For data collection, an instrument with sociodemographic and behavioral variables, the Functional Clinical Vulnerability Index; and, to assess cognition, the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) was used. Descriptive analyzes and statistical tests were conducted. RESULTS: 305 elderly subjects, living at home, in urban and rural areas participated in the study. They were classified as robust (71.8%), pre-frail (22%) and frail (6.2%). As for cognition, 24.9% of them had cognitive impairment. It was shown that cognitive impairment predicts the development of functional disability. CONCLUSION: It is considered that health professionals should both act in order to maintain the functional and cognitive conditions of the robust and pre-frail elderly people and pay attention to the rehabilitation of the disabilities installed in those elderly people who are in a situation of frailty.
Assuntos
Transtornos Cognitivos , Fragilidade , Idoso , Cognição , Estudos Transversais , Idoso Fragilizado , Fragilidade/diagnóstico , Avaliação Geriátrica , HumanosRESUMO
ABSTRACT Objective: To evaluate the predictive dimensions of clinical-functional conditions and the cognitive capacity of elderly people living at home. Method: Cross-sectional, population-based, analytical, quantitative study was utilized. For data collection, an instrument with sociodemographic and behavioral variables, the Functional Clinical Vulnerability Index; and, to assess cognition, the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) was used. Descriptive analyzes and statistical tests were conducted. Results: 305 elderly subjects, living at home, in urban and rural areas participated in the study. They were classified as robust (71.8%), pre-frail (22%) and frail (6.2%). As for cognition, 24.9% of them had cognitive impairment. It was shown that cognitive impairment predicts the development of functional disability. Conclusion: It is considered that health professionals should both act in order to maintain the functional and cognitive conditions of the robust and pre-frail elderly people and pay attention to the rehabilitation of the disabilities installed in those elderly people who are in a situation of frailty.
RESUMEN Objetivo: Evaluar las dimensiones indicadoras de las condiciones clínico-funcionales y la capacidad cognitiva de ancianos residentes en el domicilio. Método: Estudio transversal de base poblacional, analítico, cuantitativo. Para recogida de datos, se ha utilizado: instrumento con variables sociodemográficas y comportamentales, el Índice de Vulnerabilidad Clínico Funcional; y, para evaluar la cognición, el Mini Examen del Estado Mental. Han sido conducidos análisis descriptivos y test estadísticos. Resultados: Participaron del estudio, 305 ancianos, residentes en el domicilio, en área urbana y rural. Ellos se clasificaron en robustos (71,8%), pre-frágiles (22%) y frágiles (6,2%). En cuanto a la cognición, 24,9% de ellos presentaron déficit cognitivo. Se ha evidenciado que el comprometimiento cognitivo predice el desarrollo de incapacidad funcional. Conclusión: Se considera que los profesionales de salud deben tanto actuar en el sentido de la manutención de las condiciones funcionales y cognitivas de los ancianos robustos y pre-frágiles cuanto atentar para la rehabilitación de las incapacidades instaladas en aquellas personas ancianas que se encuentran en situación de fragilidad.
RESUMO Objetivo: Avaliar as dimensões preditoras das condições clínico-funcionais e a capacidade cognitiva de idosos residentes no domicílio. Métodos: Estudo transversal de base populacional, analítico, quantitativo. Para coleta de dados, utilizou-se: instrumento com variáveis sociodemográficas e comportamentais, o Índice de Vulnerabilidade Clínico Funcional; e, para avaliar a cognição, o Mini Exame do Estado Mental. Foram conduzidas análises descritivas e testes estatísticos. Resultados: Participaram do estudo, 305 idosos, residentes no domicílio, em área urbana e rural. Eles classificaram-se em robustos (71,8%), pré-frágeis (22%) e frágeis (6,2%). Quanto à cognição, 24,9% deles apresentaram déficit cognitivo. Evidenciou-se que o comprometimento cognitivo prediz o desenvolvimento de incapacidade funcional. Conclusão: Considera-se que os profissionais de saúde devem tanto atuar no sentido da manutenção das condições funcionais e cognitivas dos idosos robustos e pré-frágeis quanto atentar para a reabilitação das incapacidades instaladas naquelas pessoas idosas que se encontram em situação de fragilidade.