Physical fitness level and the risk of severe COVID-19: A systematic review.

To verify systematically the association between the status of physical fitness and the risk of severe Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). This systematic review is in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta Analyses (PRISMA) statement and the eligibility criteria followed the Population, Intervention, Comparison, Outcomes and Study (PICOS) recommendation. PubMed, Embase, SciELO and Cochrane electronic databases were searched. All studies that explored the relationship between the pattern of physical fitness and COVID-19 adverse outcomes (hospitalization, intensive care unit admission, intubation, or mortality), were selected. The quality of the studies was assessed by the specific scale of the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. A total of seven observational studies were identified in this systematic review; 13 â€‹468 patients were included in one case-control study, two cohort studies, and four cross-sectional studies. All studies reported an inverse association between high physical fitness and severe COVID-19 (hospitalization, intensive care admission, or mortality). Only some studies reported comorbidities, especially obesity and cardiovascular disorders, but the results remained unchanged after controlling for comorbidities. The quality of the seven studies included was moderate according to the Newcastle-Ottawa Quality Assessment Scale. The methodological heterogeneity of the studies included did not allow a meta-analysis of the findings. In conclusion, higher physical fitness levels were associated with lower risk of hospitalization, intensive care admissions, and mortality rates among patients with COVID-19.

Physical and Psychological Maltreatment of Deaf and Hard of Hearing Children: Frequency and Associated Factors in a Low Socioeconomic Setting.

Few studies have assessed frequency of maltreatment and other factors associated with maltreatment of deaf and hard of hearing children. The present study's objective was to verify the frequency of physical and psychological maltreatment and associated factors experienced by DHH children. DHH children from low-income families in Maceió, Brazil, were studied (N = 265). The Parent-Child Conflict Tactics Scales (Straus et al., 1998) were used to identify nonviolent discipline, psychological aggression, and physical assault (minor, severe, very severe). The study found that 221 children (83.4%) experienced physical assault; 238 (89.8%) experienced psychological aggression. Both physical and psychological aggression was reported for 94.3%. Most mothers (98.1%) reported using nonviolent discipline. Maltreatment was associated with male children, mothers' job dissatisfaction, religiously nonobservant families, and children born of unintended pregnancy. In conclusion, high frequencies of physical and psychological maltreatment of DHH children of low-income families were found.

Perimicrovillar membrane assembly: the fate of phospholipids synthesised by the midgut of Rhodnius prolixus.

In this study, we describe the fate of fatty acids that are incorporated from the lumen by the posterior midgut epithelium of Rhodnius prolixus and the biosynthesis of lipids. We also demonstrate that neutral lipids (NL) are transferred to the haemolymphatic lipophorin (Lp) and that phospholipids remain in the tissue in which they are organised into perimicrovillar membranes (PMMs). 3H-palmitic acid added at the luminal side of isolated midguts of R. prolixus females was readily absorbed and was used to synthesise phospholipids (80%) and NL (20%). The highest incorporation of 3H-palmitic acid was on the first day after a blood meal. The amounts of diacylglycerol (DG) and triacylglycerol synthesised by the tissue decreased in the presence of Lp in the incubation medium. The metabolic fates of 3H-lipids synthesised by the posterior midgut were followed and it was observed that DG was the major lipid released to Lp particles. However, the majority of phospholipids were not transferred to Lp, but remained in the tissue. The phospholipids that were synthesised and accumulated in the posterior midgut were found to be associated with Rhodnius luminal contents as structural components of PMMs.

Perimicrovillar membrane assembly: the fate of phospholipids synthesised by the midgut of Rhodnius prolixus

In this study, we describe the fate of fatty acids that are incorporated from the lumen by the posterior midgut epithelium of Rhodnius prolixus and the biosynthesis of lipids. We also demonstrate that neutral lipids (NL) are transferred to the haemolymphatic lipophorin (Lp) and that phospholipids remain in the tissue in which they are organised into perimicrovillar membranes (PMMs). 3H-palmitic acid added at the luminal side of isolated midguts of R. prolixus females was readily absorbed and was used to synthesise phospholipids (80%) and NL (20%). The highest incorporation of 3H-palmitic acid was on the first day after a blood meal. The amounts of diacylglycerol (DG) and triacylglycerol synthesised by the tissue decreased in the presence of Lp in the incubation medium. The metabolic fates of 3H-lipids synthesised by the posterior midgut were followed and it was observed that DG was the major lipid released to Lp particles. However, the majority of phospholipids were not transferred to Lp, but remained in the tissue. The phospholipids that were synthesised and accumulated in the posterior midgut were found to be associated with Rhodnius luminal contents as structural components of PMMs.

Grupo de crianças do PSF Sereno: construção de vínculo na estrategia de saúde da família / Group of children FHP Sereno: link building strategy in family health

Este estudo tem como objetivo avaliar a construção do vínculo como estratégia de ampliação do cuidado em saúde dentro de um grupo de crianças na Estratégia da Saúde da Família. Para conhecer a percepção da construção do vínculo foram entrevistas crianças participantes do grupo seus respectivos responsáveis, e profissionais da unidade de saúde. Através da consulta do referencial teórico sobre o tema podemos elaborar um conceito de vínculo concebido a partir de cunho qualitativo utilizou os seguintes instrumentos entrevista semi estruturada, grupo focal, e observação participante com posterior análise das falas. Os achados deste estudo resultam-se que por parte das crianças o vínculo se dá laços de afeto e convivência através de atividades lúdicas que possibilitam a apropriação do conteúdo. (...)

O processo de trabalho em saúde na contemporaneidade: esboço de uma interpretação / Process of health work in the contemporary: a draft interpretation

Visando dar conta desse objetivo resgatou-se a categoria trabalho levantando os conceitos que a sustentam; observaram-se as configurações gerais do mundo do trabalho e as especificas do trabalho em saúde e por fim analisou-se o processo de trabalho em saúde à luz do que está posto para o mundo do trabalho em geral, identificando similaridades e particularidades que permitiram conhecer ao menos em parte o “estado da arte” sobre o trabalho em saúde. Em seus resultados encontram-se, por exemplo, que hoje no mundo do trabalho a mundialização do capital e todos os movimentos que este realiza para manter-se como modo de produção hegemônico impactam na nova divisão internacional do trabalho, asseguram o embate capital e trabalho e fazem surgir novos paradigmas na dinâmica do processo de trabalho...

Montagem e padronizaçäo do radioimunoensaio do ACTH plasmático / Mounting and standardization of radioimmunoassay of plasmatic ACTH

Esta investigaçäo compreendeu a padronizaçäo da extraçäo e do radioimunoensaio do ACTH plasmático, ainda näo realizados no Brasil. A extraçäo foi feita com ácido silícico ativado com posterior deadsorçäo com ácido clorídrico/acetona. O RiE utilizou um anticorpo central contra a seqüência 11-24 do ACTH e o padräo de marcaçäo e das curvas padröes foi o ACTH (1-39) humano sintético. Os resultados permitiram as seguintes conclusöes: a. na extraçäo do ACTH do plasma através do ácido silícico, a maior perda ocorreu na fase de adsorçäo e pouco nas outras fases, sendo que em 22 extraçöes consecutivas a recuperaçäo final foi em média 60,7%; b. as curvas padröes extraídas foram paralelas às curvas em tampäo, e os extratos näo modificaram os blanks ou o zero, indicando ausência de interferências inespecíficas da extraçäo do RiE; c. O RiE ralizado com pré-incubaçäo de 67 horas apresentou uma sensibilidade média de 3,3 pg/tubo (7,7 pg/ml plasma). Os coeficientes de variaçäo intra-ensaio estiveram entre 6,3 e 12,3%, e o interensaio foi de 18,3%. A replicaçäo, no intervalo de 13 a 4.260 pg/ml, apresentou um coeficiente de correlaçäo de 0,99. No conjunto, concluímos que o RiE do ACTH padronizado neste trabalho é confiável, podendo ser utilizado em diagnóstico e pesquisa