[SEPARATE ASPECTS OF LEGAL RESPONSIBILITY OF MEDICAL WORKERS ON THE EXAMPLE OF UKRAINE, GERMANY, FRANCE, THE USA].

The purpose of the study is to determine and analyze the features of the legal responsibility of medical workers for non-fulfillment or improper fulfillment of their professional duties. General scientific and special methods were used. The logical method of convergence from simple to complex made it possible to determine the main features of the legal responsibility of medical workers in the context of the analysis of the essence of medical activity and legal responsibility. The systemic-structural method made it possible to determine the place of civil responsibility of medical workers in Germany, France, the United States among other types of legal responsibility. Logical-legal and formal-legal methods made it possible to formulate the concepts "legal responsibility of medical workers as an institution of objective law" and "legal responsibility as an element of legal relations." The comparative legal method was used in the analysis of the legislation of foreign countries and Ukraine. We have established that a medical workers are special subjects and are held legally responsibility for failure to perform or improper performance of their professional duties, which are directly related to the nature of their work. A medical professional can potentially be brought to legal responsibility from the moment he begins to engage in his medical activity. The reality of the fact of bringing a medical professional to legal responsibility depends on the availability of the necessary grounds for its occurrence. The grounds for bringing a medical worker to legal responsibility are: the fact of committing a deliberate crime or an unjustified medical error; negative consequences for the life and health of the patient; a causal relationship between the fact of a deliberate crime or unjustified medical error and negative consequences for the patient. The main types of legal liability of medical workers include: criminal law, administrative law, civil law, disciplinary. The relationship between a patient and medical professionals in the USA, France, Germany is private, and is referred to as private law. These relations are mainly governed by the norms of civil law. In this regard, responsibility for "culpable defects" in the provision of medical services by medical workers is reduced to compensation for material and moral harm to the patient. Ukraine needs to develop and carry out a set of actions aimed at ensuring the protection of human rights, life and health in the medical field.

[SALERNO HEALTH CODE AS A SOURCE OF MEDICAL AND PHILOSOPHICAL KNOWLEDGE].

The purpose of the article is to comprehensively disclose the meaning and relevance of the Salerno Health Code as a medieval source of medical and philosophical memo. In the process of writing a scientific article, the authors have used theoretical, empirical, and historical methods of scientific knowledge, in particular, methods of analysis, synthesis, deduction, comparison, the historical method, and the description method. In addition, the analysis of medical legislation, publications in the media and scientific periodicals, allowed us to study the essence and features of the Salerno Health Code. The article gives reason to a correspondence between the treatment methods proposed by the Salerno Health Code and the methods of modern medicine and the reflection of the basic standards of sanitary and epidemic well-being. The individual components of the Salerno Health Code were analyzed, which contributed to the development of bioethical views on sanitation, gerontology, dietetic, pharmaceuticals, disease prevention, medicine philosophy and more. The attention is focused on the author's approach to the formation of a positive worldview by a person and its relationship with the state of his physical health. The author symbolism of the poetic presentation of medical and philosophical ideas is analyzed. The treatise considers the author's approach to the formation of a positive worldview by a person and his relationship with his state of health. The article notes insufficient attention to the work of Arnold de Villanova in the scientific works of modern Ukrainian scientists in medicine and the humanities, which determines the relevance of further scientific research aimed at revealing the importance and potential of this source of medical and philosophical knowledge. Noted the relevance of certain parts of the Salerno Health Code for solving the problems of modern medical science.