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[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0057413.].
RESUMO
Aim: To synthesize novel chloroquine analogues and evaluate them for antimicrobial and cytotoxic potential. Methods: Novel analogues were synthesized from chloroquine by nucleophilic substitution reaction at the 4-amino position. Results: Analogue CS1 showed maximum antimicrobial potential (30.3 ± 0.15 mm zone) against Pseudomonas aeruginosa and produced a 19.2 ± 0.21 mm zone against Candida albicans, while CS0 produced no zone at the same concentration. Analogue CS9 has excellent cytotoxic potential (HeLa cell line), showing 100% inhibition (IC50 = 8.9 ± 1.2 µg/ml), compared with CS0 (61.9% inhibition at 30 µg/ml). Conclusion: These synthesized chloroquine analogues have excellent activity against different microbial strains and cervical cancer cell lines (HeLa) compared with their parent molecule.
[Box: see text].
Assuntos
Antineoplásicos , Candida albicans , Cloroquina , Testes de Sensibilidade Microbiana , Pseudomonas aeruginosa , Humanos , Candida albicans/efeitos dos fármacos , Cloroquina/farmacologia , Cloroquina/química , Pseudomonas aeruginosa/efeitos dos fármacos , Células HeLa , Antineoplásicos/farmacologia , Antineoplásicos/química , Antineoplásicos/síntese química , Antibacterianos/farmacologia , Antibacterianos/química , Antibacterianos/síntese química , Relação Estrutura-Atividade , Antifúngicos/farmacologia , Antifúngicos/química , Antifúngicos/síntese química , Estrutura Molecular , Ensaios de Seleção de Medicamentos Antitumorais , Proliferação de Células/efeitos dos fármacos , Anti-Infecciosos/farmacologia , Anti-Infecciosos/química , Anti-Infecciosos/síntese químicaRESUMO
There are 1% to 2% of lymphoma cases that include the testis as primary testicular non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL). In 35% of cases, it involves both testes and is usually seen as a painless testicular mass. Therefore, in most cases, the management option is radical orchiectomy. The overall prognosis in these cases is poor, as most cases are associated with systemic disease. We report a case of a 42-year-old male who presented with painless right scrotal swelling for three months. The only serologic marker of solid tumors that was elevated was ßHCG; others were unremarkable. Ultrasonography was initially ordered as well and showed a heterogeneous intra-testicular lesion of relatively low echogenicity. According to the given age, epidemiology, and clinical presentation, the suspicion of a germ cell tumor was highly likely. Therefore, a right radical inguinal orchiectomy was done, and the specimen was sent for histopathology, which came back as B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma. The clinical presentation and the overall picture of the investigations made in this case mimicked a germ cell tumor presentation.