T-cell lymphoma infiltrating the uterus and ovaries of a Golden Retriever: a case report.

BACKGROUND: To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of female genital system infiltration of T-cell lymphoma in veterinary literature. CASE PRESENTATION: A 1.5-year-old, intact female Golden Retriever was referred due to melena and hyporexia that lasted for three weeks. Fever (40.5℃), tachycardia, tachypnoea, pale mucous membranes, and purulent vaginal discharge were identified on physical examination. Blood analyses revealed leucocytosis, anaemia, hypoalbuminemia, and increased lactate and C-reactive protein levels. On abdominal radiography, the small intestine was moderately deviated because of an oval-shaped mass (13 cm × 8.7 cm) located in the mid-abdomen. An enlarged tubular-shaped structure that had the opacity of soft tissue located in dorsal to the bladder to the middle of the abdomen, and an oval-shaped mass (5.28 cm × 3.26 cm), which was suspected to be a medial iliac lymph node located at the sixth to seventh lumbar level. Abdominal ultrasonography revealed gas and fluid in the lumen of the uterine horn with a severely thickened wall, round enlarged lymph nodes around the genitourinary system, and free fluid in the abdominal cavity. Based on these results, pyometra was suspected, and an exploratory laparotomy was performed for ovariohysterectomy. The resected ovary and uterus were macroscopically hypertrophied. Histopathological examination of the ovary and uterus revealed neoplastic proliferation of large round cells with strong immunoreactivity for CD3, indicating T-cell lymphoma. Therefore, the young dog was diagnosed with genital lymphoma. CONCLUSIONS: The present report describes T-cell lymphoma infiltrating the uterus and ovaries in a young dog, which is rarely diagnosed and could aid in the differential diagnosis of genital diseases in young dogs.

Abnormal Hyperphosphorylation of Tau in Canine Immune-mediated Meningoencephalitis.

BACKGROUND/AIM: Tau is a microtubule-associated protein involved in the assembly and stabilization of microtubules. In human medicine, hyperphosphorylation of tau is associated with microtubule instability and is considered to play a role in the progression of multiple sclerosis (MS). MS is an autoimmune neurological disease that shares many characteristics, including pathological mechanisms, with canine meningoencephalitis of unknown etiology (MUE). With this background, this study investigated the presence of hyperphosphorylated tau in dogs with MUE and experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE). MATERIALS AND METHODS: In total, eight brain samples were examined from two neurologically normal dogs, three dogs with MUE, and three canine EAE models. Anti-(phospho-S396) tau antibody was used for immunohisto-chemistry, which stained hyperphosphorylated tau. RESULTS: In normal brain tissues, hyperphosphorylated tau was not found. In all the dogs with EAE and one of the dogs with MUE, immunoreactivity for S396 p-tau was observed in glial cell cytoplasm and the background in the periphery of the inflammatory lesion. CONCLUSION: These results suggest for the first time that tau pathology may be involved in the progression of neuroinflammation in dogs, similar to that in human MS.

Evaluation of 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose uptake of beagle dogs for different durations of isoflurane anesthesia.

18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) positron emission tomography (PET) is used for tumor evaluation. In veterinary medicine, anesthesia is an essential tool during the PET scanning process. However, the changes in FDG uptake in dogs that have undergone anesthesia for a longer duration have not been studied. This study aimed to analyze the influence of isoflurane anesthesia on FDG uptake in dogs undergoing PET. A crossover design was implemented by exposing 3 groups of 6 dogs to different durations of anesthesia (60, 90, and 150 minutes). Inhalation anesthesia was maintained throughout the scanning process (30 minutes) and FDG was injected 1 hour before the start of the PET scan. The standard uptake value of FDG was obtained for the 7 gross structures (whole brain, lung, salivary gland, liver, spleen, mediastinal blood pool, and kidney cortex) as well as for the 7 intracranial structures (frontal, parietal, temporal and occipital lobes, cerebellum, brain stem, and caudal colliculus). The whole brain and intracranial structures showed significantly lower FDG uptake in dogs with a longer duration of anesthesia, whereas other gross structures did not. Our results suggest that the duration of anesthesia should be considered when evaluating the uptake of FDG by the brain.

La tomographie par émission de positrons (PET) au 18F-fluorodésoxyglucose (FDG) est utilisée pour l'évaluation des tumeurs. En médecine vétérinaire, l'anesthésie est un outil essentiel lors du processus de PET. Cependant, les modifications de l'absorption du FDG chez les chiens ayant subi une anesthésie de plus longue durée n'ont pas été étudiées. Cette étude visait à analyser l'influence de l'anesthésie à l'isoflurane sur l'absorption du FDG chez les chiens subissant une PET. Un modèle croisé a été mis en oeuvre en exposant trois groupes de six chiens à différentes durées d'anesthésie (60, 90 et 150 minutes). L'anesthésie par inhalation a été maintenue tout au long du processus de numérisation (30 minutes) et le FDG a été injecté 1 heure avant le début de la PET. La valeur d'absorption standard du FDG a été obtenue pour les sept structures macroscopiques (cerveau entier, poumon, glande salivaire, foie, rate, pool sanguin médiastinal et cortex rénal) ainsi que pour les sept structures intracrâniennes (frontale, pariétale, temporale et lobes occipitaux, cervelet, tronc cérébral et colliculus caudal). L'ensemble du cerveau et les structures intracrâniennes ont montré une absorption de FDG significativement plus faible chez les chiens avec une durée d'anesthésie plus longue, contrairement aux autres structures. Nos résultats suggèrent que la durée de l'anesthésie doit être prise en compte lors de l'évaluation de la captation du FDG par le cerveau.(Traduit par Docteur Serge Messier).

Evaluation of a dog with inflammatory mammary carcinoma using 18 F-2-deoxy-2-fluoro-d-glucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography.

Inflammatory mammary carcinoma is known to be aggressive, which makes thorough evaluation of the severity of tumour infiltration and metastasis important in determining a recommended treatment course. This case report describes the use of 18 F-2-deoxy-2-fluoro-d-glucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography for evaluating the invasiveness and metastasis of inflammatory mammary carcinoma in a dog.