Prevalence of osteoporosis, sarcopenia, and high falls risk in healthy community-dwelling Thai older adults: a nationwide cross-sectional study.

Thailand has transitioned from an aging society to an aged society, which implies that the prevalence of age-related disorders will increase; however, epidemiological data specific to the prevalence of age-related degenerative musculoskeletal disorders among Thai older adults remain limited. Accordingly, the aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of age-related musculoskeletal diseases, including osteoporosis, sarcopenia, and high falls risk among healthy community-dwelling Thai older adults. This cross-sectional nationwide study enrolled Thai adults aged ≥60 yr from 2 randomly selected provinces from each of the 6 regions of Thailand via stratified multistage sampling during March 2021 to August 2022. All enrolled participants were evaluated for BMD, skeletal muscle mass, grip strength, and gait speed. Osteoporosis was diagnosed according to the World Health Organization definition, and sarcopenia was diagnosed according to the Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia (AWGS) 2019 criteria. Falls risk was determined using the self-rated Fall Risk Questionnaire. A total of 2991 eligible participants were recruited. The mean age of participants was 69.2 ± 6.5 yr (range: 60-107), and 63.1% were female. The prevalence of osteoporosis, sarcopenia, and high falls risk was 29.7%, 18.1%, and 38.5%, respectively. Approximately one-fifth of subjects (19.1%) had at least 2 of 3 risk factors (ie, osteoporosis, sarcopenia, and high falls risk) for sustaining a fragility fracture, and 3.4% had all 3 risk factors. In conclusion, the results of this study revealed a high and increasing prevalence of osteoporosis, sarcopenia, and high falls risk in healthy community-dwelling Thai older adults. Since these conditions are all major risk factors for fragility fracture, modification of Thailand's national health care policy is urgently needed to address the increasing prevalence of these conditions among healthy community-dwelling older adults living in Thailand.

Establishing Normative Values for Performance-Based Tests in Older Thai Adults: A Nationwide Cross-Sectional Study.

OBJECTIVE: To determine normative values and identify contributing factors for physical performance tests in older, Thai, community-dwelling adults. DESIGN: Nationwide cross-sectional study. SETTING: Thai older community-dwelling adults. PARTICIPANTS: Thai older community-dwelling adults aged ≥60 years who had no major health problems (N=1430) between March 2021 and August 2022. INTERVENTIONS: Not applicable. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Normative values for the timed Up and Go (TUG) test, gait speed test, and 5-times sit-to-stand (5TSTS) test were determined for sex and age groups. Multivariable quantile regression analysis was employed to evaluate the participants, considering factors that may influence physical performance, such as height, and Charlson comorbidity index (CCI). RESULTS: The study included 1430 eligible participants. Their mean age was 68.4±5.8 years, and 58.5% were women. Men demonstrated superior physical performance in the medians (p50) of the TUG (10.0 s vs 11.0 s), gait speed (0.98 m/s vs 0.91 m/s), and 5TSTS (14.0 s vs 16.1 s) tests compared with women. These differences were consistently observed across age groups. Moreover, age, sex, and height were significantly associated with poor physical performance. CONCLUSION: This study observed variations in the normative values of TUG, gait speed, and 5TSTS tests among different age groups of older, Thai, community-dwelling adults. Additionally, our findings identified age, sex, and height as significant contributing factors to physical performance in this population.

Single-bundle versus double-bundle anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction: a meta-analysis.

OBJECTIVE: This meta-analysis study compares the treatment outcomes between single bundle (SB) and double bundle (DB) anterior cruciate ligament reconstructions (ACLR) including manual laxity tests, KT-1000 measurements and functional knee scores including International Knee Documentation Committee (IKDC) and Lysholm scores. DATA SOURCES: Medline, Scopus, Web of Science and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (January 1985 to March 2008). MATERIAL AND METHOD: All randomized controlled trials reporting one or more outcomes related to single bundle versus double bundle ACLR were recruited in the present study. Random effect models were used to pool the data. Heterogeneity in the effect of treatment was tested on the basis of study quality, randomization status and type of ACLR. RESULTS: There were 2,119 studies initially identified, 7 studies met our inclusion criteria. Four hundred and eighty two patients (238 in SB group and 244 in DB group) were included in the present study. The results of KT 1,000 arthrometry in 7 studies favor DB-ACLR with statistical significance (p < 0.05). Pivot shift test were available for 374 patients from 6 studies, 183 and 191 patients in SB group and DB group respectively. The results favor DB-ACLR with statistical significance (p < 0.001). IKDC scores were available for 257 patients from 4 studies. The results trend to favor DB-ACLR but not statistically significant (p = 0.17). Lysholm scores were available for 174 patients from 3 studies. The results trend to favor DB-ACLR without statistical significance (p = 0.10). CONCLUSION: The present study shows that DB-ACLR provides better AP and rotational stability than SB-ACLR. There is no difference in the results of functional scores. DB-ACLR should be considered in patients who particularly require rotational stability of the knee. In the future, the interesting issue is to develop the functional knee score that is more specific to rotational stability evaluation.