RESUMO
Abstract The present study aimed at describing and evaluating the fauna of Anisakidae and Raphidacarididae nematodes of lutjanid fish (snappers) from the Brazilian northeastern coast unloaded at the city of Aracaju, capital of the State of Sergipe. A total of 186 lutjanids of 5 different species were analyzed including 69 Lutjanus analis, 51 L. vivanus , 29 Ocyurus chrysurus, 23 L. synagris, and 14 L. jocu. Nematode specimens found in the viscera of these fish were clarified with lactophenol. Illustrations of each of these specimens were prepared to help identify these samples and compose their taxonomic description and classification. At necropsy, 3,183 nematodes belonging to two families were collected from fish viscera which included the following: Anisakidae: Anisakis, Terranova , Contracaecum, and Goezia; Raphidascarididae: Raphidascaris (Ichthyascaris) and Hysterothylacium . A total of six genera of nematodes were found at postmortem examination of which adult worms of only three genera (Goezia, Raphidascaris and Hysterothylacium) were detected in the fish examined. Larvae of Terranova sp. were found only in the musculature of O. chrysurus . Most of the nematode larvae were present in the mesentery and organs of the fish necropsied. Therefore, the zoonotic potential of these nematodes cannot be ruled out. There was a significant negative correlation between the intensity of parasitism by anisakids and the total body length of O. chrysurus; the intensity of parasitism was greater in smaller and shortef fish. There was a significant positive correlation between the abundance of these parasites and the length of L. synagris; the presence of these parasites increased according to the fish's body length. To the authors' knowledge, these are the first records of Raphidascaris (Ichthyascaris ) sp. and Hysterothylacium sp. in L. vivanus , of Terranova sp. in O. chrysurus and L. jocu, and of Goezia sp. in L. analis. These novel findings add the Brazilian northeast coast and the State of Sergipe in the geographic distribution of these parasites in the country.
Resumo O objetivo deste trabalho é descrever e avaliar a fauna de Anisakidae e Raphidacarididae de peixes lutjanídeos do litoral nordeste do Brasil desembarcados na cidade de Aracaju, capital do estado de Sergipe. Foram analisados 186 lutjanídeos das espécies Lutjanus analis 69, L. vivanus 51, Ocyurus chrysurus 29, L. synagris 23 e L. jocu 14. Exemplares dos nematodas encontrados nas vísceras foram clarificados em lactofenol e ilustrados para auxiliar na identificação e compor a descrição taxonõmica. Foram coletados 3.183 nematodas das vísceras dos peixes, pertencentes a duas famílias: Anisakidae: Anisakis, Terranova, Contracaecum e Goezia; e Raphidascarididae: Raphidascaris (Ichthyascaris) e Hysterothylacium. Totalizando seis gêneros encontrados, apenas nos três últimos gêneros foram encontrados vermes em estágio adulto. Apenas em O. chrysurus foram encontradas larvas de Terranova sp. na musculatura. A maioria das larvas estava restrita ao mesentério e órgãos dos peixes, e em grande intensidade não podendo se descartar o potencial zoonótico. Observou-se uma correlação significativa negativa entre a intensidade anisakídeos e o comprimento total de O. chrysurus, onde a intensidade dos parasitas é maior em peixes de menor comprimento e uma correlação significativa positiva entre a abundância desses mesmos parasitos com o comprimento de L. synagris, onde a presença dos parasitas aumenta conforme o comprimento do peixe. Esse é o primeiro registro de Raphidascaris ( Ichthyascaris) sp. e Hysterothylacium sp. em L. vivanus ; de Terranova sp. em O. chrysurus e L. jocu e Goezia sp. em L. analis, adicionando o litoral nordeste do Brasil e o estado de Sergipe na distribuição geográfica desses parasitos.
Assuntos
Animais , Ascaridoidea , Perciformes , Anisakis , Doenças dos Peixes , Brasil , Peixes , LarvaRESUMO
The present study aimed at describing and evaluating the fauna of Anisakidae and Raphidacarididae nematodes of lutjanid fish (snappers) from the Brazilian northeastern coast unloaded at the city of Aracaju, capital of the State of Sergipe. A total of 186 lutjanids of 5 different species were analyzed including 69 Lutjanus analis, 51 L. vivanus , 29 Ocyurus chrysurus, 23 L. synagris, and 14 L. jocu. Nematode specimens found in the viscera of these fish were clarified with lactophenol. Illustrations of each of these specimens were prepared to help identify these samples and compose their taxonomic description and classification. At necropsy, 3,183 nematodes belonging to two families were collected from fish viscera which included the following: Anisakidae: Anisakis, Terranova , Contracaecum, and Goezia; Raphidascarididae: Raphidascaris (Ichthyascaris) and Hysterothylacium . A total of six genera of nematodes were found at postmortem examination of which adult worms of only three genera (Goezia, Raphidascaris and Hysterothylacium) were detected in the fish examined. Larvae of Terranova sp. were found only in the musculature of O. chrysurus . Most of the nematode larvae were present in the mesentery and organs of the fish necropsied. Therefore, the zoonotic potential of these nematodes cannot be ruled out. There was a significant negative correlation between the intensity of parasitism by anisakids and the total body length of O. chrysurus; the intensity of parasitism was greater in smaller and shortef fish. There was a significant positive correlation between the abundance of these parasites and the length of L. synagris; the presence of these parasites increased according to the fish's body length. To the authors' knowledge, these are the first records of Raphidascaris (Ichthyascaris ) sp. and Hysterothylacium sp. in L. vivanus , of Terranova sp. in O. chrysurus and L. jocu, and of Goezia sp. in L. analis. These novel findings add the Brazilian northeast coast and the State of Sergipe in the geographic distribution of these parasites in the country.
Assuntos
Anisakis , Ascaridoidea , Doenças dos Peixes , Perciformes , Animais , Brasil , Peixes , LarvaRESUMO
Abstract The present study aimed at describing and evaluating the fauna of Anisakidae and Raphidacarididae nematodes of lutjanid fish (snappers) from the Brazilian northeastern coast unloaded at the city of Aracaju, capital of the State of Sergipe. A total of 186 lutjanids of 5 different species were analyzed including 69 Lutjanus analis, 51 L. vivanus , 29 Ocyurus chrysurus, 23 L. synagris, and 14 L. jocu. Nematode specimens found in the viscera of these fish were clarified with lactophenol. Illustrations of each of these specimens were prepared to help identify these samples and compose their taxonomic description and classification. At necropsy, 3,183 nematodes belonging to two families were collected from fish viscera which included the following: Anisakidae: Anisakis, Terranova , Contracaecum, and Goezia; Raphidascarididae: Raphidascaris (Ichthyascaris) and Hysterothylacium . A total of six genera of nematodes were found at postmortem examination of which adult worms of only three genera (Goezia, Raphidascaris and Hysterothylacium) were detected in the fish examined. Larvae of Terranova sp. were found only in the musculature of O. chrysurus . Most of the nematode larvae were present in the mesentery and organs of the fish necropsied. Therefore, the zoonotic potential of these nematodes cannot be ruled out. There was a significant negative correlation between the intensity of parasitism by anisakids and the total body length of O. chrysurus; the intensity of parasitism was greater in smaller and shortef fish. There was a significant positive correlation between the abundance of these parasites and the length of L. synagris; the presence of these parasites increased according to the fishs body length. To the authors knowledge, these are the first records of Raphidascaris (Ichthyascaris ) sp. and Hysterothylacium sp. in L. vivanus , of Terranova sp. in O. chrysurus and L. jocu, and of Goezia sp. in L. analis. These novel findings add the Brazilian northeast coast and the State of Sergipe in the geographic distribution of these parasites in the country.
Resumo O objetivo deste trabalho é descrever e avaliar a fauna de Anisakidae e Raphidacarididae de peixes lutjanídeos do litoral nordeste do Brasil desembarcados na cidade de Aracaju, capital do estado de Sergipe. Foram analisados 186 lutjanídeos das espécies Lutjanus analis 69, L. vivanus 51, Ocyurus chrysurus 29, L. synagris 23 e L. jocu 14. Exemplares dos nematodas encontrados nas vísceras foram clarificados em lactofenol e ilustrados para auxiliar na identificação e compor a descrição taxonõmica. Foram coletados 3.183 nematodas das vísceras dos peixes, pertencentes a duas famílias: Anisakidae: Anisakis, Terranova, Contracaecum e Goezia; e Raphidascarididae: Raphidascaris (Ichthyascaris) e Hysterothylacium. Totalizando seis gêneros encontrados, apenas nos três últimos gêneros foram encontrados vermes em estágio adulto. Apenas em O. chrysurus foram encontradas larvas de Terranova sp. na musculatura. A maioria das larvas estava restrita ao mesentério e órgãos dos peixes, e em grande intensidade não podendo se descartar o potencial zoonótico. Observou-se uma correlação significativa negativa entre a intensidade anisakídeos e o comprimento total de O. chrysurus, onde a intensidade dos parasitas é maior em peixes de menor comprimento e uma correlação significativa positiva entre a abundância desses mesmos parasitos com o comprimento de L. synagris, onde a presença dos parasitas aumenta conforme o comprimento do peixe. Esse é o primeiro registro de Raphidascaris ( Ichthyascaris) sp. e Hysterothylacium sp. em L. vivanus ; de Terranova sp. em O. chrysurus e L. jocu e Goezia sp. em L. analis, adicionando o litoral nordeste do Brasil e o estado de Sergipe na distribuição geográfica desses parasitos.
RESUMO
The prevalence of Clinostomum complanatum Rudolphi, 1814 (Digenea, Clinostomidae) in fishes Loricariichthys platymetopon, Parauchenipterus galeatus and Hoplosternum littorale, which are second intermediate hosts, was studied at the floodplain of the high Paraná River, Brazil. Season (alternation flood-drought), habitat (lentic and semi-lotic), and sex were not related to its prevalence. For L. platymetopon, the immature and smaller fish had the lowest prevalence, whilst the opposite was observed for P. galeatus and H. littorale. This suggests that the probability of being predated is unchanged by parasitism for L. platymetopon; thus, a cumulative effect of repeated infections is observed; for the two other species, the highest parasitised fish may have higher predation mortality rates. While H. littorale is the preferred item in birds' diet, L. platymetopon is the most abundant fish species and has the highest C. complanatum prevalence, which makes it the most likely path of transmission to the bird, the definitive hosts of C. complanatum.
Assuntos
Doenças dos Peixes/epidemiologia , Peixes/parasitologia , Trematódeos/fisiologia , Infecções por Trematódeos/veterinária , Animais , Aves , Brasil/epidemiologia , Ecossistema , Feminino , Doenças dos Peixes/parasitologia , Peixes/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Interações Hospedeiro-Parasita , Masculino , Prevalência , Rios , Estações do Ano , Infecções por Trematódeos/epidemiologia , Infecções por Trematódeos/parasitologiaRESUMO
The life cycle of the digenetic trematode Clinostomum complanatum was studied on the floodplain of the high Paraná river, Brazil. Sampling was done between June 1999 and June 2000. The mollusc Biomphalaria peregrina was the first intermediate host with a prevalence of infection of 0.75%. The fish Loricariichthys platymetopon, Hoplosternum littorale, Parauchenipterus galeatus, Hoplias malabaricus and Loricaria sp. were second intermediate hosts, with the prevalence varying from 2.45% ( H. malabaricus) to 60.8% ( L. platymetopon). The birds Ardea cocoi, Phalacrocorax brasilianus, Egretta alba and Egretta thula were definitive hosts, with the prevalence ranging between 5.5% ( E. thula) and 95% ( A. cocoi). The high prevalences in birds, especially in A. cocoi, suggest some kind of mechanism facilitating the predation of infected fish. The importance of the various hosts is discussed, and it is concluded that the floodplain of the high Paraná river has suitable conditions for the maintenance of the life cycle of C. complanatum.
