[Persons with migration background in the German National Cohort (NAKO)-sociodemographic characteristics and comparisons with the German autochthonous population]. / Personen mit Migrationshintergrund in der NAKO Gesundheitsstudie ­ soziodemografische Merkmale und Vergleiche mit der autochthonen deutschen Bevölkerung.

BACKGROUND: Persons with a migration background (PmM) as a population group usually differ from the autochthonous population in terms of morbidity, mortality, and use of the health care system, but they participate less frequently in health studies. The PmM group is very heterogeneous, which has hardly been taken into account in studies so far. OBJECTIVES: Sociodemographic characteristics of PmM in the NAKO health study (age, sex, time since migration, education) are presented. In addition, it is examined through an example whether migration background is related to the use of cancer screening for colorectal cancer (hemoccult test). METHODS: Data of the first 101,816 persons of the NAKO were analyzed descriptively and cartographically. The migration background was assigned on the basis of the definition of the Federal Statistical Office, based on nationality, country of birth, year of entry, and country of birth of the parents. RESULTS: Overall, the PmM proportion is 16.0%. The distribution across the 18 study centers varies considerably between 6% (Neubrandenburg) and 33% (Düsseldorf). With 153 countries of origin, most countries are represented in the NAKO. All variables show clear differences between the different regions of origin. In the hemoccult test, persons of Turkish origin (OR = 0.67) and resettlers (OR = 0.60) have a lower participation rate. PmM born in Germany do not differ in this respect from the autochthonous population (OR = 0.99). CONCLUSION: PmM in the NAKO are a very heterogeneous group. However, due to the sample size, individual subgroups of migrants can be studied separately with respect to region of origin.

[Facilitators and Challenges of Community-based Prevention Programmes for Children - Results of a Qualitative Study]. / Chancen und Herausforderungen von Präventionsketten ­ Ergebnisse qualitativer Experteninterviews in deutschen Kommunen.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Prevention strategies in community settings for children and youth are integrative health promotion strategies with cross-sector partnerships to improve health and social participation in children and youth at the community level. The objective of the qualitative study was to investigate cross-sector partnerships in German communities when implementing community-based prevention strategies targeting health of children and youth. Such strategies of health promotion have included complex interventions involving multiple stakeholders from different sectors jointly working together. The specific aims were: (1) to explore the structure and organization of the cross-sector partnerships and (2) to identify facilitating and hindering factors when implementing community-based prevention strategies targeting health of children and youth from the perspective of stakeholders. METHODS: Data were collected using semi-structured interviews with eight experts of local governments in German municipalities. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Our results show that mechanisms of interagency collaborations in child and youth health programs included networking processes on a vertical and horizontal level. These included the creation of inter-sectoral networks for joint development of structures and actions. Inter-sectoral networks were accompanied by network moderators. Successful cooperation was promoted through engagement, joint goal-setting, political support and use of existing resources. Lack of resources, a low engagement of local actors and a lack of acceptance of the aspirations are identified as barriers. The extent of facilitating and hindering factors varied depending on the local structures of municipalities.